Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 11E
What is the origin of the terms “a.m.” and “p.m.” in our timekeeping?
Expert Solution & Answer
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1) Two identical atomic clocks are manufactured at a factory. One clock remains at the factory, and the other is transported across the country to a physics lab. When the clock arrives at the physics lab, it reads 9:00 a.m. At this same time, does the clock at the factory read a time that is before 9:00 a.m., equal to 9:00 a.m., or after 9:00 a.m.? Explain.
2) Suppose you are a traveling salesman for SSC, the Spacely Sprockets Company. You travel on a spaceship that reaches speeds near the speed of light, and you are paid by the hour.
(a) When you return to Earth after a sales trip, would you prefer to be paid according to the clock at Spacely Sprockets universal headquarters on Earth, according to the clock on the spaceship in which you travel, or would your pay be the same in either case? Your goal is to get paid as much as possible.
(b) Choose the best explanation from among the following:
I. You want to be paid according to the clock on Earth, because the clock on the spaceship…
Suppose you are on Mars when it is 9.00 1010 m from earth. You call earth for the correct time and receive a recorded message indicating that the time at the tone is exactly 9:20 P.M. What time should you set on your watch? :
Suppose you are on Mars when it is 9.00 x 1010 m from earth. You call earth for the correct time and receive a recorded message
indicating that the time at the tone is exactly 3:29 P.M. What time should you set on your watch?
:
P.M.
Chapter 4 Solutions
Astronomy
Ch. 4 - Discuss how latitude and longitude on Earth are...Ch. 4 - What is the latitude of the North Pole? The South...Ch. 4 - Make a list of each main phase of the Moon,...Ch. 4 - What are advantages and disadvantages of apparent...Ch. 4 - What are the two ways that the tilt of Earth’s...Ch. 4 - Why is it difficult to construct a practical...Ch. 4 - Explain why there are two high tides and two low...Ch. 4 - What is the phase of the Moon during a total solar...Ch. 4 - On a globe or world map, find the nearest marked...Ch. 4 - Explain three lines of evidence that indicate that...
Ch. 4 - What is the origin of the terms “a.m.” and “p.m.”...Ch. 4 - Explain the origin of the leap year. Why is it...Ch. 4 - Explain why the year 1800 was not a leap year,...Ch. 4 - What fraction of the Moon’s visible face is...Ch. 4 - Why don’t lunar eclipses happen during every full...Ch. 4 - Why does the Moon create tidal bulges on both...Ch. 4 - Why do the heights of the tides change over the...Ch. 4 - Explain how tidal forces are causing Earth to slow...Ch. 4 - Explain how tidal forces are causing the Moon to...Ch. 4 - Explain why the Gregorian calendar modified the...Ch. 4 - The term equinox translates as “equal night.”...Ch. 4 - The term solstice translates as “Sun stop.”...Ch. 4 - Why is the warmest day of the year in the United...Ch. 4 - When Earth’s Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward...Ch. 4 - Where are you on Earth if you experience each of...Ch. 4 - In countries at far northern latitudes, the winter...Ch. 4 - What is the phase of the Moon if it . . . A. rises...Ch. 4 - A car accident occurs around midnight on the night...Ch. 4 - The secret recipe to the ever-popular veggie...Ch. 4 - Your great-great-grandfather, who often...Ch. 4 - One year in the future, when money is no object,...Ch. 4 - Suppose you lived in the crater Copernicus on the...Ch. 4 - In a lunar eclipse, does the Moon enter the shadow...Ch. 4 - Describe what an observer at the crater Copernicus...Ch. 4 - The day on Mars is 1.026 Earth-days long. The...Ch. 4 - What is the right ascension and declination of the...Ch. 4 - What is the right ascension and declination of the...Ch. 4 - What is the right ascension and declination of the...Ch. 4 - During summer in the Northern Hemisphere, the...Ch. 4 - On the day of the vernal equinox, the day length...Ch. 4 - Regions north of the Arctic Circle are known as...Ch. 4 - In a part of Earth’s orbit where Earth is moving...Ch. 4 - In a part of Earth’s orbit where Earth is moving...Ch. 4 - If Sirius rises at 8:00 p.m. tonight, at what time...Ch. 4 - What are three lines of evidence you could use to...Ch. 4 - If the Moon rises at a given location at 6:00 p.m....Ch. 4 - Explain why some solar eclipses are total and some...Ch. 4 - Why do lunar eclipses typically last much longer...Ch. 4 - Suppose Earth took exactly 300.0 days to go around...Ch. 4 - Consider a calendar based entirely on the day and...Ch. 4 - If a star rises at 8:30 p.m. tonight,...Ch. 4 - What is the altitude of the Sun at noon on...Ch. 4 - Show that the Gregorian calendar will be in error...
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- You arrange to meet a friend at 5:00 p.m. on Valentine’s Day on the observation deck of the Empire State Building in New York City. You arrive right on time, but your friend is not there. She arrives 5 minutes late and says the reason is that time runs faster at the top of a tall building, so she is on time but you were early. Is your friend right? Does time run slower or faster at the top of a building, as compared with its base? Is this a reasonable excuse for your friend arriving 5 minutes late?arrow_forwardSuppose you are on Mars when it is 9.00 1010 m from earth. You call earth for the correct time and receive a recorded message indicating that the time at the tone is exactly 8:29 P.M. What time should you set on your watch? ___:___PMarrow_forward1arrow_forward
- The NASA Apollo Missions to the moon in the late 1960s and early 1970s were in fact a "giant leap for mankind". It took Apollo 11, that's the spaceship that carried Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins and Buzz Aldrin to the moon in 1969, 4 days 6 hours and 45 minutes to get to the moon. They took off from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida at 1:32 pm on 7/16/1969, and the lunar module landed on the moon at 8:17 pm on 7/20/1969. The moon is about 250,000 miles away. What was the average speed of the Apollo 11 spacecraft during the trip? *arrow_forwardUntil 1883, every city and town in the United States kept its own local time. Today, travelers reset their watches only when the time change equals 1.0 h. How far, on average, must you travel in degrees of longitude between the time zone boundaries at which your watch must be reset by 1.0 h? (Hint: The Earth rotates 360° in about 24 h.)arrow_forwardHow many seconds are there in 1.00 year? Assume it is a leap year.arrow_forward
- Until 1883, every city and town in the United States kept its own local time. Today, travelers reset their watches only when the time change equals 1.0 h. How far, on the average, must you travel in degrees of longitude between the time-zone boundaries at which your watch must be reset by 1.0 h? (Hint: Earth rotates 360° in about 24 h.)arrow_forwardTaking the age of Earth to be about 4 ✕ 109 years and assuming its orbital radius of 1.5 ✕ 1011 m has not changed and is circular, calculate the approximate total distance Earth has traveled since its birth (in a frame of reference stationary with respect to the Sun). ..............m Answer and simplifyarrow_forwardIs 3 m/s is greater than 2.9 m/s²? What is the explanation for this?arrow_forward
- In the movie Interstellar, the main characters are on a planet where 1 hour = 7 years on Earth. If you are 30 years old on Earth how many hours have passed by on the planet?arrow_forwardAnswer this step by step and justify your answerarrow_forwardHow long does it take (in seconds) for light to travel from the Sun to Saturn if the Sun is roughly 1.5*10^9 km away and the speed of light is 3*10^8 m/s? (Only write the number; your answer is assumed to be calculated in seconds)arrow_forward
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