Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134093413
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 39, Problem 39.1CR

What are two common ways by which signal transduction pathways enhance the activity of specific enzymes?

Expert Solution & Answer
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Summary Introduction

To determine: The two common ways by which signal transduction pathways promotes specific enzyme activity.

Introduction: De-etiolation is called as greening process. When a newly growing stem breaks the ground and reaches the surface, it gets light. Signal transmission is the second step during de-etiolation. The light received by the receptors is transmitted by second messengers to activate the specific enzymes.

Explanation of Solution

Signal transduction is the process of conversion of an extracellular signal into an intracellular signal. It involves a cascade of molecules that transfer the information. In signal transduction process, two second messengers are utilized to activate two specific proteins namely kinases 1 and 2. They are cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and calcium ions (Ca2+).

Immediately after the reception of light, one pathway utilizes cyclic GMP and activates the specific protein namely kinase 1. The other pathway opens the Ca2+ channels and increases Ca2+ ions to pass into the cell, which in turn activates the specific protein such as kinase 2. Hence, there are two common ways for the enhancement of activity of specific enzymes.

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Students have asked these similar questions
What is one advantage of signal transduction being a pathway (several steps)?
What is one disadvantage of signal transduction being a pathway?
What type of signal transduction is involved in signaling from hormones such as estrogen and testosterone? Explain the signal transduction pathway that occurs. 1.  Is there a short term description for signal transduction, instead wrting multiple words to descripte the type of signal transduction? Can I just identify it as active signal transduction and inactive signal transduction. Based on my understanding, active singal transduction is for the fast react transdcution, while inactive signal transduction meanly refers the hormonal affacts on the system.  2. For Ion channels, specific enzymes are both involed activated and inactivated signal transduction?

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Campbell Biology (11th Edition)

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