Chapter 38.2, Problem 1CYL

Summary Introduction

To describe:

The resting and action potentials.

Introduction:

The unequal distribution of positive and negative charge across the cell membrane results in the membrane potential of a cell. When the membrane potential of an axon in a specific location rises and falls, it causes a series of electrical response or “action potential”. When a neuron does not respond to the impulses or signals of other neurons of the membrane potential, it is said to be a “resting potential”.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

The way through which an action potential in a pre-synaptic neuron causes a response in a postsynaptic neuron.

Introduction:

An axon of a neuron has a small swelling at their end which is called an axon terminal. This terminal lies very close to the dendrite of the next neuron. This close proximity of each neuron is called synapse and the small gap between the synapses is called a synaptic cleft. Synaptic transmission is the process of neuron communication.

Summary Introduction

To determine:

The differences between inhibitory postsynaptic potentials and excitatory postsynaptic potentials.

Introduction:

An impulse is passed from the axon of the presynaptic neuron to the axon terminal. The synaptic knobs contain neurotransmitters that generate the nerve impulses. When the impulses reach the synapse, the calcium ions enter the cell membrane and result in the release of neurotransmitters. It binds to the receptor present on postsynaptic neuron and generates a “stimulatory or inhibitory response”.