Concept explainers
DATA Your physics study partner tells you that the width of the central bright band in a single-slit diffraction pattern is inversely proportional to the width of the slit. This means that the width of the central maximum increases when the width of the slit decreases. The claim seems counterintuitive to you, so you make measurements to test it. You shine monochromatic laser light with wavelength λ onto a very narrow slit of width a and measure the width w of the central maximum in the diffraction pattern that is produced on a screen 1.50 m from the slit. (By “width,” you mean the distance on the screen between the two minima on either side of the central maximum.) Your measurements are given in the table.
(a) If w is inversely proportional to a, then the product aw is constant, independent of a. For the data in the table, graph aw versus a. Explain why aw is not constant for smaller values of a. (b) Use your graph in part (a) to calculate the wavelength λ of the laser light. (c) What is the angular position of the first minimum in the diffraction pattern for (i) a = 0.78 μm and (ii) a = 15.60 μm?
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 36 Solutions
University Physics (14th Edition)
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Physics (5th Edition)
The Cosmic Perspective
The Cosmic Perspective Fundamentals (2nd Edition)
University Physics with Modern Physics (14th Edition)
Essential University Physics (3rd Edition)
- (a) What is the minimum angular spread of a 633-nm wavelength He-Ne laser beam that is originally 1.00 mm in diameter? (b) If this laser is aimed at a mountain cliff 15.0 km away, how big will the illuminated spot be? (c) How big a spot would be illuminated on the moon, neglecting atmospheric effects? (This might be done to hit a corner reflector to measure the round-trip time and, hence, distance.)arrow_forwardProblem 9: For a Gaussian laser beam in air with a 0.5mm waist radius and X=850nm, a. Find the (far field) diffraction half angle and the beam waist w(z) at z=50m b. If the laser emits 5mW, what is the peak irradiance at z=50m? c. What near field beam waist radius is required to limit the diffracted beam diameter to 1cm at 50m? What detector diameter is needed to encircle (detect) 50% of the power?arrow_forwardFringes in the Thomas Young experiment are produced using sodium light of wavelength 670 nm and two slits which are 1.2 mm apart. If the fringes are formed on a screen 0.8 m away from the slits, how far is the third order bright fringe from the middle of the screen? Give your answer in millimeters (mm).arrow_forward
- First-order Bragg scattering from a certain crystal occurs at an angle of incidence of 63.8°; see figure below. The wavelength of the x-rays is 0.261nm. Assuming that the scattering is from the dashed planes shown, find the unit cell size ao. 63.8° X raysarrow_forwardProblem 5: Consider a 525 nm light falling on a single slit of width 1.3 µm. Randomized Variables λ = 525 nm w = 1.3 μm At what angle (in degrees) is the first minimum for the light? 0 = || sin() cos() cotan() asin() atan() acotan() cosh() tanh() O Degrees tan() acos() sinh() cotanh() Radians π () E ^^^ 4 5 1 2 7 8 9 6 3 * + 0 VO BACKSPACE DEL HOME END CLEARarrow_forwardX-ray diffractionanalysis(using a Cu anode)of a specimen with a known cubiccrystal structure reveals that the peak generated as a result of reflection from the (110) plane occurs at a 2θ=32°. Determine the unit cell volume of this materialarrow_forward
- 4arrow_forwardChapter 35, Problem 019 Suppose that Young's experiment is performed with light of wavelength 497 nm. The slits are 1.74 mm apart, and the viewing screen is 4.51 m from the slits. How far apart are the bright fringes in meters? Number Units Use correct number of significant digits; the tolerance is +/-2%arrow_forwardIf we treat a double slit experiment as a point-like source where distances from the slits are measured by r₁ and r2 respectively, a plane wave from each slit would Ae-i where ;=kr; -wt+do and 01 - 02= take the form ₁ Ae-i1 and 2: = = k(r₁ r₂). 1. Solve for the probability density ₁+ 22 in terms of A, k, r₁ and r2. -arrow_forward
- In Biprism experiment the fringe width is 0.30 mm. If slits are covered by glass plate of thickness 0.04 mm and refractive index µ = 1.5, then the fringe width isarrow_forwardA blackbody radiator in the shape of a sphere has a surface area of 152 If it has a temperature of 1200 K how much energy does it emit per second? If the sun emits light with a peak wavelength of 500 nm. What is the temperature of the sun? Two slits, 0.5 mm apart, are placed at a distance of 1.5 meters from a screen. Light of 300 nm illuminates the two slits and an interference pattern is observed on the screen. What is the distance between the central bright spot and the first bright spot on either side?arrow_forwardDiffraction can be used to provide a quick test of the size of red blood cells. Blood is smeared onto a slide, and a laser shines through the slide. The size of the cells is very consistent, so the multiple diffraction patterns overlap and produce an overall pattern that is similar to what a single cell would produce. Ideally, the diameter of a red blood cell should be between 7.5 and 8.0 μm. If a 633 nm laser shines through a slide and produces a pattern on a screen 24.0 cm distant, what range of sizes of the central maximum should be expected? Values outside this range might indicate a health concern and warrant further study.arrow_forward
- Modern PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781111794378Author:Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. MoyerPublisher:Cengage LearningUniversity Physics Volume 3PhysicsISBN:9781938168185Author:William Moebs, Jeff SannyPublisher:OpenStaxPhysics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage Learning