Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321962751
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 35.3, Problem 2CC
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The cells and functions that would be deficient, if child were born without a thymus. Determine the functions do cell-surface antigen receptors fulfill for memory B-cells.
Introduction:
The thymus is a gland which is responsible for the development of T-cells which are one of the important types of white blood cells and play an important role in the immune system.
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About Antigen presenting cells, it is CORRECT to affirm that:
a). Macrophages, B lymphocytes and dendritic cells are APCs. meaning they express MHC-ll. b). Only APCs present MHC-11. c). Macrophages,B lymphocytes and dendritic cells are phagocytes, but not APCs.d). All the non-APC cells of our body present MHC-1.
Class II MHC proteins display what kind of antigens? What class of T cell recognizes antigens bound to class II MHC? What types of cells display these proteins?
Describe the mechanisms for antigen processing and presentation via MHC class I and class
II molecules to T lymphocytes. How do these different pathways lead to appropriate defenses
against different types of microorganisms?
Chapter 35 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 35.1 - Pus is both a sign of infection and an indicator...Ch. 35.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How do the molecules that...Ch. 35.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 35.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 35.2 - Explain how memory cells strengthen the immune...Ch. 35.2 - WHAT IF? If both copies of a light-chain gene and...Ch. 35.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 35.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 35.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 35 - Prob. 1TYU
Ch. 35 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 35 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 35 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 35 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 35 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 35 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 35 - DRAW IT Consider a pencil-shaped protein with two...Ch. 35 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Contrast clonal selection with...Ch. 35 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 35 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION Describe one invertebrate...Ch. 35 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 35 - Prob. 13TYU
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Similar questions
- Explain the "antigen recognition by cells of adaptive immunity" in a simple way. Relate it with Class I,II,III MHC molecules/genes. Thank you NOTE: Bullet formarrow_forwardB lymphocytes, the precursors of plasma cells, are triggered to proliferate by the binding of multivalent antigens to receptors on their surfaces. The cellsurface receptors are transmembrane immunoglobulins. Univalent antigens, in contrast, do not activate B cells. (a) What do these findings reveal about the mechanism of B-cell activation? (b) How might antibodies be used to activate B cells?arrow_forwardExplain why are B cells known as Antigen Presenting cells and what happens after antigen presentation?arrow_forward
- Which type of MHC-class molecule is found on all nucleated cells and is used to communicate with cytotoxic T-lymphocytes? Which classes are displayed on APCs, and which class is used specifically to communicate with (a) helper T-lymphocytes and (b) cytotoxic T-lymphocytes?arrow_forwardWhere are major histocompatibility complex-I (MHC-I) molecules located in the human body (cells)? Briefly describe how these surface markers present antigens to other cells. (Make sure to include where the antigen originates and what type of T-cell interacts with MHC-I antigen presentation.)arrow_forwardOutline the typical immunophenotypic features of peripheral B cells in: (i) X-linked Agammaglobulinaemia. (ii) CD40L (CD154) deficiency.arrow_forward
- Explain the typical immunophenotypic features of peripheral B cells in: (i) X-linked Agammaglobulinaemia (ii) CD40L (CD154) deficiency (iii) B-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia. wwarrow_forwardExplain the typical immunophenotypic features of peripheral B cells in: (i) X-linked Agammaglobulinaemia (ii) CD40L (CD154) deficiency (iii) B-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia.arrow_forwardA flu-infected cell has down-regulated its MHC class I expression. The lymphocytes below comes to the site and interacts with the cell. How does the downregulation of MHC class I affect these ability of lymphocytes to kill the infected cell? a) influenza-specific T cell b) NK cell c) herpes-specific T cell Indicate whether the possibility increases, decreases or is unchanged for each cell.arrow_forward
- Correctly order the steps in cellular Immunity. Below is a sequence of events. Place them in the order they should occur, number 1 being the first item. Select the step number from the drop down next to each item. Items to order: a) .Cytotoxic T cell (CTL) recognizes the infected host cell b) The CTL secretes perforin and granzyme, causing apoptosis c) The CTL interacts with epitope presented by MHC-I on the dendritic cell d) The helper T cell activates the CTL cellarrow_forwardIf the thymus of an adult experimental animal is removed, the following observations can be made: (a) No immediate effect occurs, and (b) after 1 year, decreases occur in the number of lymphocytes in the blood, the ability to reject grafts, and the ability to produce antibodies. Explain these observations.arrow_forwardDescribe Class I MHC pathway of antigen processing and presentation. Highlight the functions of the structures and organelles associated with the pathway. Illustrate with a diagram.arrow_forward
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