(a) Interpretation: The smallest unit of the antibody having the specificity and binding affinity of the whole protein should be determined. Concept introduction: The antibodies are the immunoglobulins (Ig) made up of two types of chains that is a light chain and heavy chain. The immunoglobulin is a class of proteins found in the plasma of the animals. The typical structure of the antibody is given below:

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 35, Problem 8P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The smallest unit of the antibody having the specificity and binding affinity of the whole protein should be determined.

Concept introduction:

The antibodies are the immunoglobulins (Ig) made up of two types of chains that is a light chain and heavy chain. The immunoglobulin is a class of proteins found in the plasma of the animals. The typical structure of the antibody is given below:

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A compact single chain that is likely to bind with antigen should be designed.

Concept introduction:

The antibodies are the immunoglobulins (Ig) made up of two types of chains that is a light chain and heavy chain. The immunoglobulin is a class of proteins found inthe plasma of the animals. The antigens are the substance that can elicit an immune response by binding to the antibody.

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In 1956, E. P. Kennedy and S. B. Weiss published their study of membrane lipid phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) synthesis in rat liver. Their hypothesis was that phosphocholine joined with some cellular component to yield lecithin. In an earlier experiment, incubating 32 P-labeled phosphocholine at physiological temperature (37 °C) with broken cells from rat liver yielded labeled lecithin. This became their assay for the enzymes involved in lecithin synthesis. Determine the optimal pH for this enzyme and characterize the enzyme activity at different pH values. -O-P-O-CH2-CH₁₂-N(CH3)3 Phosphocholine H₂C-O-C-R HC-O-C-R2 + + + Cell fraction + ? HC-O-P-O-CH₁₂-CH₂-N(CH), O Phosphatidylcholine The researchers then centrifuged the broken cell preparation to separate the membranes from the soluble proteins. They tested three preparations: whole extract, membranes, and soluble proteins. Table 1 summarizes the results. Table 1: Cell fraction requirement for incorporation of 32p-phosphocholine into…

Researchers isolated an unknown substance, X, from rabbit muscle. They determined its structure from the following observations and experiments. (a) Qualitative analysis showed that X was composed entirely of C, H, and O. A weighed sample of X was completely oxidized and the H2O and CO2 produced were measured. This quantitative analysis revealed that X contained 40.00% C, 6.71% H, and 53.29% O by weight. (b) The molecular mass of X, as determined by mass spectrometry, was 90.00 atomic mass units (u). (c) Infrared spectroscopy showed that X contained one double bond. (d) X dissolved readily in water, and the solution demonstrated optical activity when tested in a polarimeter. (e) The aqueous solution of X is acidic. What is the empirical formula of X?

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 35, Problem 8P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The smallest unit of the antibody having the specificity and binding affinity of the whole protein should be determined.

Concept introduction:

The antibodies are the immunoglobulins (Ig) made up of two types of chains that is a light chain and heavy chain. The immunoglobulin is a class of proteins found in the plasma of the animals. The typical structure of the antibody is given below:

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A compact single chain that is likely to bind with antigen should be designed.

Concept introduction:

The antibodies are the immunoglobulins (Ig) made up of two types of chains that is a light chain and heavy chain. The immunoglobulin is a class of proteins found inthe plasma of the animals. The antigens are the substance that can elicit an immune response by binding to the antibody.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 35, Problem 8P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The smallest unit of the antibody having the specificity and binding affinity of the whole protein should be determined.

Concept introduction:

The antibodies are the immunoglobulins (Ig) made up of two types of chains that is a light chain and heavy chain. The immunoglobulin is a class of proteins found in the plasma of the animals. The typical structure of the antibody is given below:

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A compact single chain that is likely to bind with antigen should be designed.

Concept introduction:

The antibodies are the immunoglobulins (Ig) made up of two types of chains that is a light chain and heavy chain. The immunoglobulin is a class of proteins found inthe plasma of the animals. The antigens are the substance that can elicit an immune response by binding to the antibody.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 35, Problem 8P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The smallest unit of the antibody having the specificity and binding affinity of the whole protein should be determined.

Concept introduction:

The antibodies are the immunoglobulins (Ig) made up of two types of chains that is a light chain and heavy chain. The immunoglobulin is a class of proteins found in the plasma of the animals. The typical structure of the antibody is given below:

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A compact single chain that is likely to bind with antigen should be designed.

Concept introduction:

The antibodies are the immunoglobulins (Ig) made up of two types of chains that is a light chain and heavy chain. The immunoglobulin is a class of proteins found inthe plasma of the animals. The antigens are the substance that can elicit an immune response by binding to the antibody.

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Answer 5

Chapter 35, Problem 8P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The smallest unit of the antibody having the specificity and binding affinity of the whole protein should be determined.

Concept introduction:

The antibodies are the immunoglobulins (Ig) made up of two types of chains that is a light chain and heavy chain. The immunoglobulin is a class of proteins found in the plasma of the animals. The typical structure of the antibody is given below:

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A compact single chain that is likely to bind with antigen should be designed.

Concept introduction:

The antibodies are the immunoglobulins (Ig) made up of two types of chains that is a light chain and heavy chain. The immunoglobulin is a class of proteins found inthe plasma of the animals. The antigens are the substance that can elicit an immune response by binding to the antibody.

Answer 6

Chapter 35, Problem 8P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The smallest unit of the antibody having the specificity and binding affinity of the whole protein should be determined.

Concept introduction:

The antibodies are the immunoglobulins (Ig) made up of two types of chains that is a light chain and heavy chain. The immunoglobulin is a class of proteins found in the plasma of the animals. The typical structure of the antibody is given below:

Answer 7

Chapter 35, Problem 8P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The smallest unit of the antibody having the specificity and binding affinity of the whole protein should be determined.

Concept introduction:

The antibodies are the immunoglobulins (Ig) made up of two types of chains that is a light chain and heavy chain. The immunoglobulin is a class of proteins found in the plasma of the animals. The typical structure of the antibody is given below:

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A compact single chain that is likely to bind with antigen should be designed.

Concept introduction:

The antibodies are the immunoglobulins (Ig) made up of two types of chains that is a light chain and heavy chain. The immunoglobulin is a class of proteins found inthe plasma of the animals. The antigens are the substance that can elicit an immune response by binding to the antibody.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

A compact single chain that is likely to bind with antigen should be designed.

Concept introduction:

The antibodies are the immunoglobulins (Ig) made up of two types of chains that is a light chain and heavy chain. The immunoglobulin is a class of proteins found inthe plasma of the animals. The antigens are the substance that can elicit an immune response by binding to the antibody.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 35 - Prob. 1P Ch. 35 - Prob. 2P Ch. 35 - Prob. 3P Ch. 35 - Prob. 4P Ch. 35 - Prob. 5P Ch. 35 - Prob. 6P Ch. 35 - Prob. 7P Ch. 35 - Prob. 8P Ch. 35 - Prob. 9P Ch. 35 - Prob. 10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that antibodies are the immunoglobulins (Ig) made up of two types of chains that is a light chain and heavy chain.

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Chapter 35 Solutions