Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321962751
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 34.7, Problem 1CC
What determines whether O2, or CO2, undergoes net diffusion into or out of capillaries? Explain.
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Arrange the following in the ascending ( small to large) order of the percentage of dissolving CO2.
1 plasma
2 hemoglobin
3 cytoplasm of RBC
a) 2,3,1
b)1,3,2,
c)2,1,3
d)3,2,1
e)1,2,3
f) 3,1,2
a) How much more O2 can be transported by the blood when erythrocytesleave the lungs? Consider that a normal adult has a concentration of 15 g hemoglobin/100 mL of bloodand that the hemoglobin is 98% saturated with O2 at the usual pO2 of 100 torr in the lung at sea level.
b) On the basis of the graph, explain how myoglobin facilitates the diffusion of O2 through muscle cells. Would myoglobin be effective as an O2-transport protein in cells of other tissues? Explain.
Would you expect the concentration of HCO3 to be higher in blood plasma taken from a systemic artery or a systemic vein?
Chapter 34 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 34.1 - How is the now of hemolymph through an open...Ch. 34.1 - Three-chambered hearts with incomplete septa were...Ch. 34.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 34.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 34.2 - Why is it important that the AV node delay the...Ch. 34.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 34.3 - What is the primary cause of the low velocity of...Ch. 34.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 34.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 34.4 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 34.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 34.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 34.4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 34.5 - Why is an internal location for gas exchange...Ch. 34.5 - After a heavy rain, earthworms come to the...Ch. 34.5 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Describe similarities in the...Ch. 34.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 34.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 34.6 - WHAT IF? If an injury tore a small hole in the...Ch. 34.7 - What determines whether O2, or CO2, undergoes net...Ch. 34.7 - How does the Bohr shift help deliver O2, to very...Ch. 34.7 - Prob. 3CCCh. 34 - Which of the following respiratory systems is not...Ch. 34 - Blood returning to the mammalian heart in a...Ch. 34 - Pulse is a direct measure of A. blood pressure. B....Ch. 34 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 34 - One feature that amphibians and humans have in...Ch. 34 - If a molecule of CO2 released into the blood in...Ch. 34 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 34 - DRAW IT Plot blood pressure against time for one...Ch. 34 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 34 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 34 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 34 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE The diving bell spider...
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- Do the following conditions cause hemoglobin to release more O2 to the tissues or to absorb more O2?(a) Raising the temperature(b) Increased production of CO2(c) Increasing the H+ concentrationarrow_forwardIn a resting person, how many O2 molecules are attached to each hemoglobin molecule, on average, in blood in the pulmonary arteries? In blood in the pulmonary veins?arrow_forwardReferring to the figure shown, the movement of glucose is from the lumen of the duodenum through an interstitial cell, out to the extracellular fluid, and into a capillary. What would happen if the action of the Na+–K+ pumps was reduced? A)The rate of flow of glucose into the interstitial cells would be increased. B)The direction of flow of glucose would be reversed. C)The rate of flow of glucose into the interstitial cells would be reduced. D)Nothing would differ: the movement of glucose would be the same as before the reversal.arrow_forward
- Why do these aggregates not form when hemoglobin S is oxygenated?arrow_forwardIncreased partial pressure of O2 in plasma from 50mmHg to 100 mmHg leads to the following: A) 2 fold increase of O2 carried in blood B) 2 fold increase of O2 bound to hemoglobin C) 2 fold increase of dissolved oxygenarrow_forwardA normal human contains 5 liters of blood, approximately 2% of which isresident in the systemic (i.e., non-pulmonary) capillaries at any given time.(a) Assuming that the capillaries are 8 μm in diameter, estimate the totallength of capillaries in the body (excluding the lungs).(b) If an average capillary length is 1 mm, how many capillaries are therein the body?(c) Cardiac output is 5 l/min. Assuming that this is evenly distributedthroughout a parallel network consisting of the capillaries found in (b),estimate the pressure drop across the capillary bed. Assume Newtonian,laminar flow in the capillaries with μeff of 3.5 cP. What percentage ofthe total 85mmHg systemic pressure drop is this?arrow_forward
- including Fick's law, what are three physical conditions that can optimize the rate of diffusion of a gas across a membrane?arrow_forwardLiver disease often results in ascites (increasing abdominal fluid) and other forms of systemic edema. This is due to the decrease in synthesis by the liver of which of the following? (A) fibrinogen and other clotting proteins (B) transferrin and other transport proteins (C) cholesterol and its transport proteins (D) albuminarrow_forwardA membrane can separate gas mixture because different gases have different permeability through the membrane. The permeate flux across unit membrane area under unit pressure gradient is called permeability and the ratio between the permeability of gas A and that of gas B is defined as selectivity of A to B. Membrane separation process depends upon five separation mechanisms including molecular sieving, Knudsendiffٴusion, solution diffٴusion, surface diffusion, and capillary condensation. Using a schematic diagram, elaborate on the mechanism of surface diffusion and solution diffusion in membrane separation.arrow_forward
- Why does hemoglobin have high affinity for oxygen in arterial blood and lower affinity in capillaries beds? Explain in terms of blood oxygen pressure.arrow_forwardExplain what a partial pressure gradient is and how such gradients figure in gas exchange.arrow_forwardA general principle of physiology states that information flow between cells, tissues, and organs is an essential feature of homeostasis and allows for integration of physiological processes. How is this principle demonstrated by the relationship between the circulatory and endocrine systems?arrow_forward
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