DeGarmo's Materials and Processes in Manufacturing
DeGarmo's Materials and Processes in Manufacturing
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781118987674
Author: J. T. Black, Ronald A. Kohser
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 34, Problem 1RQ
To determine

The first five level of automation obtained by replacing the human attribute.

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The first five-level of automation which is obtained from the human attribute,

  1. The first level of automation is represented as which replaces the effort of the human joint with the use of lever, screw, and pulley is used in the machine.
  2. The second level of automation is represented as which replaces the energy of the human muscle with electrical power.
  3. The third level of automation is represented as which replaces the human dexterity with the use of the self-feeding or automatic machine.
  4. The fourth level of automation is represented as which replaces the diligence of humans with the open-loop feedback numeric control.
  5. The fifth level of automation is represented which replaces the human capability of judgment with the use of closed-loop feedback numeric control.

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