HUMAN ANATOMY
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781260210262
Author: SALADIN
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 3.4, Problem 1AWYK
Although the nuclei of a muscle fiber are pressed against the inside of the plasma membrane, several of those in figure 3.25 appear to be in the middle of the cell. What can account for this appearance? Think in terms of three-dimensional interpretation of two-dimensional histological images.
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Chapter 3 Solutions
HUMAN ANATOMY
Ch. 3.1 - Define tissue and distinguish a tissue from a cell...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 2BYGOCh. 3.1 - Prob. 3BYGOCh. 3.1 - Prob. 4BYGOCh. 3.1 - Prob. 5BYGOCh. 3.2 - Distinguish between simple and stratified...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 7BYGOCh. 3.2 - Prob. 8BYGOCh. 3.2 - Prob. 9BYGOCh. 3.2 - Prob. 10BYGO
Ch. 3.2 - Explain how urothelium is specifically adapted to...Ch. 3.3 - When the following tissues are injured, which do...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 12BYGOCh. 3.3 - Prob. 13BYGOCh. 3.3 - Prob. 14BYGOCh. 3.3 - Prob. 15BYGOCh. 3.3 - Discuss the difference between dense regular and...Ch. 3.3 - Describe some similarities, differences, and...Ch. 3.3 - What are the three basic kinds of formed elements...Ch. 3.4 - Although the nuclei of a muscle fiber are pressed...Ch. 3.4 - What do nervous muscular tissue have in common?...Ch. 3.4 - What are the two basic types of cells in nervous...Ch. 3.4 - Name the three kinds of muscular tissue, describe...Ch. 3.5 - Distinguish between a simple gland and a compound...Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 23BYGOCh. 3.5 - Prob. 24BYGOCh. 3.5 - Prob. 25BYGOCh. 3.6 - What functions of a ciliated pseudostratified...Ch. 3.6 - Tissues can grow through an increase in cell size...Ch. 3.6 - Distinguish between differentiation and...Ch. 3.6 - Distinguish between regeneration and fibrosis....Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 29BYGOCh. 3 - Prob. 3.1.1AYLOCh. 3 - Prob. 3.1.2AYLOCh. 3 - Prob. 3.1.3AYLOCh. 3 - Prob. 3.1.4AYLOCh. 3 - Prob. 3.1.5AYLOCh. 3 - Prob. 3.1.6AYLOCh. 3 - Prob. 3.1.7AYLOCh. 3 - Prob. 3.2.1AYLOCh. 3 - The location, composition, and functions of a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.2.3AYLOCh. 3 - Prob. 3.2.4AYLOCh. 3 - The appearance, representative locations, and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.2.6AYLOCh. 3 - Differences in structure, location, and function...Ch. 3 - The process of exfoliation and a clinical...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.3.1AYLOCh. 3 - Prob. 3.3.2AYLOCh. 3 - The types of connective tissue classified as...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.3.4AYLOCh. 3 - The distinction between loose and dense fibrous...Ch. 3 - The appearance, representative locations, and...Ch. 3 - The appearance, representative locations, and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.3.8AYLOCh. 3 - Prob. 3.3.9AYLOCh. 3 - The relationship of the perichondrium to...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.3.11AYLOCh. 3 - Prob. 3.3.12AYLOCh. 3 - Prob. 3.3.13AYLOCh. 3 - Prob. 3.3.14AYLOCh. 3 - Prob. 3.3.15AYLOCh. 3 - Why blood is considered a connective tissueCh. 3 - Prob. 3.3.17AYLOCh. 3 - Prob. 3.3.18AYLOCh. 3 - The meaning of cell excitability, and why nervous...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.4.2AYLOCh. 3 - Prob. 3.4.3AYLOCh. 3 - Prob. 3.4.4AYLOCh. 3 - The defining characteristics of muscular tissue as...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.4.6AYLOCh. 3 - Prob. 3.4.7AYLOCh. 3 - The microscopio representative locations, and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.5.1AYLOCh. 3 - The distinction between exocrine and eadocrine...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.5.3AYLOCh. 3 - Prob. 3.5.4AYLOCh. 3 - Prob. 3.5.5AYLOCh. 3 - Prob. 3.5.6AYLOCh. 3 - The distinctions between eccrine, apocrine, and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.5.8AYLOCh. 3 - The tissue layers of a mucous membrane and of a...Ch. 3 - The nature and locations of endothelium,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.6.1AYLOCh. 3 - The difference between differentiation and...Ch. 3 - Two ways in which the body repairs damaged...Ch. 3 - The meaning of tissue atrophy, its causes, and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.6.5AYLOCh. 3 - Prob. 3.6.6AYLOCh. 3 - Prob. 1TYRCh. 3 - Prob. 2TYRCh. 3 - Prob. 3TYRCh. 3 - A seminiferous tubule of the testis is lined with...Ch. 3 - Prob. 5TYRCh. 3 - Prob. 6TYRCh. 3 - Prob. 7TYRCh. 3 - Tendons are composed of _________ connective...Ch. 3 - The shape of the external ear is due to skeletan...Ch. 3 - The most abundant formed elements(s) of blood...Ch. 3 - Prob. 11TYRCh. 3 - Prob. 12TYRCh. 3 - Prob. 13TYRCh. 3 - Prob. 14TYRCh. 3 - Tendons and ligaments are made mainly of the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 16TYRCh. 3 - Prob. 17TYRCh. 3 - Prob. 18TYRCh. 3 - Prob. 19TYRCh. 3 - Prob. 20TYRCh. 3 - Prob. 1BYMVCh. 3 - Prob. 2BYMVCh. 3 - Prob. 3BYMVCh. 3 - Prob. 4BYMVCh. 3 - Prob. 5BYMVCh. 3 - State a meaning of each word element and give a...Ch. 3 - State a meaning of each word element and give a...Ch. 3 - State a meaning of each word element and give a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 9BYMVCh. 3 - Prob. 10BYMVCh. 3 - Prob. 1WWWTSCh. 3 - Prob. 2WWWTSCh. 3 - Prob. 3WWWTSCh. 3 - Prob. 4WWWTSCh. 3 - Prob. 5WWWTSCh. 3 - Prob. 6WWWTSCh. 3 - Prob. 7WWWTSCh. 3 - Prob. 8WWWTSCh. 3 - Prob. 9WWWTSCh. 3 - Prob. 10WWWTSCh. 3 - Prob. 1TYCCh. 3 - Prob. 2TYCCh. 3 - Prob. 3TYCCh. 3 - Prob. 4TYCCh. 3 - Some human cells are incapable of mitosis...
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- When Skeletal muscle contracts an arrangement of the alternating light and dark bands traversing each skeletal muscle cell changes. Which of the following statements is not correct. (Select one answer) (a) The dark A bands will remain a constant length(b) The space occupied by the H zone will not change(c) The light I bands will shorten(d) The z lines come closer together(e) The I band consists solely of thin actin filamentsarrow_forwardOne of the primary characteristics of all muscle tissue is contractility, the ability to shorten (contract) and lengthen (relax). You've identified the various components of a myofibril above. Now, use the table below to indicate what occurs to each band, line, or zone when the muscle contracts vs. relaxes. What occurs to this region / structure during contraction/relaxation? Region / Structure A-Band H-Band I-Band M-Line Z-Line Zone of Overlap Sarcomere No change Shortens Lengthens Muscle Contraction Muscle Relaxationarrow_forwardA typical relaxed sarcomere is about 2.3 µm in length and contracts to about 2 µm in length. Within the sarcomere, the thin filaments are about 1 um long and the thick filaments are about 1.5 um long. (a) Describe the overlap of thick and thin filaments in the relaxed and contracted sarcomere. (b) An individual "step" by a myosin head in one cycle pulls the thin filament about 15 nm. How many steps must each actin fiber make in one contraction?arrow_forward
- Describe the position where wrist and finger are in full extension. What sensation will be felt in this position? What explains this sensation that you felt when the wrist and fingers were positioned in extension? *NOTE: Apply any of the following concepts to the explanation as deemed appropriate and connected to the situation above: Mucle Contraction, Concentric Contraction, Isometric Contraction, Eccentric Contraction, Force Velocity Curve, Stretch Reflex, Reciprocal Inhibition, Autogenic Inhibition, Length-Tension Relationshiparrow_forwardAs mentioned in class, one additional major use of ATP in skeletal muscle (besides powering the myosin heads) is the recycling of calcium ions back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum after depolarization. The resting concentration of Ca++ in the muscle cell cytoplasm is about 50-100 nM, and the spike concentration after depolarization is about 10-20 μΜ. a) Consider a single sarcomere. What is the number of free calcium ions within the sarcomere at rest? What is the number of free calcium ions after depolarization? b) The major ion pump responsible for calcium ion recycling is SERCA (sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase). SERCA uses one molecule of ATP to pump two calcium ions, and the resting level can be restored in about 10-20 ms. How many molecules of ATP are used in a single sarcomere for pumping calcium in a single "twitch"? c) Assume that a single "twitch" is sufficient to drive one sarcomere from its fully extended length (about 2.5 µm) to its fully contracted length (about 1…arrow_forwardA typical relaxed sarcomere is about 2.3 μm in length and contracts to about2 μm in length. Within the sarcomere, the thin filaments are about 1 μmlong and the thick filaments are about 1.5 μm long.(a) Describe the overlap of thick and thin filaments in the relaxed and contracted sarcomere.(b) An individual “step” by a myosin head in one cycle pulls the thin filamentabout 15 nm. How many steps must each actin fiber make in one contraction?arrow_forward
- Which of the following regions of a sarcomere at rest is characterized by the presence of myosin only? a) A band b) H zone c) I band d) Z linearrow_forwardIf you were to watch muscle tissue contract: Under a light microscope, would you see the muscle fibers get narrower, or the striations get thinner? Explain. At the EM level, focusing on one sarcomere, you would be able to see a region of thick filaments overlapping two regions of thin filaments. Use the structure of the thick filaments to explain how ONE region of thick filaments is able to pull in microfilament in two opposite directions (both toward the center of the sarcomere).arrow_forwardSkeletal muscle fibres are very metabolically active and are adapted to create a lot of ATP from aerobic cellular respiration. Additionally, cells require other things to stay alive. Explain how the following three organ systems contribute to allowing a muscle cell to carry out its roles: a) Respiratory system b) Cardiovascular system c) Gastrointestinal system asap please.arrow_forward
- 2) List the names of the two major Contractile Proteins. Which of the proteins is "bound" and "anchored" to the cell membrane? The other protein essentially "floats" within the ctyoplasm; which contractile protein "floats". 3) Contractions in a muscle cell (or fiber) is always stimulated and intiated by a rapid rise in intrallcellular calcium. Write a brief paragraph or two explaining the differences in the sources of Contraction- causing-Calcium within the 3 different muscle-cell types.arrow_forwardThe ability of myosin to walk along an actin filament may be observed with the aid of an appropriately equipped microscope. Describe how such assays are typically performed. Why is ATP required in these assays? How can such assays be used to determine the direction of myosin movement or the force produced by myosin?arrow_forwardPluripotent stem cells undergo a number of changes as they progress through developmental stages to become the terminally differentiated cell type known as a skeletal muscle myofiber. a) Describe the stages and key anatomic and functional changes that occur during differentiation of myofibers. b) Despite the fact that myofibers are terminally differentiated, muscle can regenerate itself following a trauma or injury. Describe how this can occur.arrow_forward
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