COLLEGE PHYSICS
13th Edition
ISBN: 2810014673880
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 33, Problem 51PE
Construct Your Own Problem
Consider an ultrahigh−energy cosmic ray entering the Earth’s atmosphere (some have energies approaching a joule). Construct a problem in which you calculate the energy of the particle based on the number of particles in an observed cosmic ray shower. Among the things to consider are the average mass of the shower particles, the average number per square meter, and the extent (number of square meters covered) of the shower. Express the energy in eV and joules.
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Statistical thermodynamics. The number of imaginary replicas of a system of N particlesa) cannot be greater than Avogadro's numberb) must always be greater than Avogadro's number.c) has no relation to Avogadro's number.
Lab-Based Section
Use the following information to answer the lab based scenario.
A student performed an experiment in an attempt to determine the index of refraction of glass.
The student used a laser and a protractor to measure a variety of angles of incidence and
refraction through a semi-circular glass prism. The design of the experiment and the student's
results are shown below.
Angle of
Incidence (°)
Angle of
Refraction (º)
20
11
30
19
40
26
50
31
60
36
70
38
2a) By hand (i.e., without using computer software), create a linear graph on graph paper
using the student's data. Note: You will have to manipulate the data in order to achieve a
linear function.
2b) Graphically determine the index of refraction of the semi-circular glass prism, rounding your
answer to the nearest hundredth.
Use the following information to answer the next two questions.
A laser is directed at a prism made of zircon (n = 1.92) at an incident angle of 35.0°, as shown in
the diagram.
3a) Determine the critical angle of zircon.
35.0°
70°
55
55°
3b) Determine the angle of refraction when the laser beam leaves the prism.
Chapter 33 Solutions
COLLEGE PHYSICS
Ch. 33 - The total energy in the beam of an accelerator is...Ch. 33 - Synchrotron radiation takes energy from an...Ch. 33 - What two major limitations prevent us from...Ch. 33 - What are the advantages of collidingbeam...Ch. 33 - Large quanti?es of antimatter isolated from normal...Ch. 33 - Massless particles are not only neutral, they are...Ch. 33 - Massless particles must travel at the speed of...Ch. 33 - When a stat erupts in a supernova explosion, huge...Ch. 33 - Theorists have had spectacular success in...Ch. 33 - What lifetime do you expect for an antineutron...
Ch. 33 - Why does the meson have such a short lifetime...Ch. 33 - (a) Is a hadron always a baryon? (b) Is a baryon...Ch. 33 - Explain how conservation of baryon number is...Ch. 33 - The quark ?avor change it takes place in decay....Ch. 33 - Explain how the weak force can change strangeness...Ch. 33 - Beta decay is caused by the weak force, as are all...Ch. 33 - Why is it easier to see the properties of the c,...Ch. 33 - How can quarks, which are fermions, combine to...Ch. 33 - What evidence is cited is support the contention...Ch. 33 - Discuss how we know that (mesons are not...Ch. 33 - An antibaryon has three antiquarks with colors...Ch. 33 - Suppose leptons are created in a reaction. Does...Ch. 33 - How can the lifetime of a particle indicate that...Ch. 33 - (a) Do all particles having strangeness also have...Ch. 33 - The sigmazero particle decays mostly via the...Ch. 33 - What do the quark compositions and other quantum...Ch. 33 - Discuss the similarities and differences between...Ch. 33 - Identity evidence for electroweak unification.Ch. 33 - The quarks in a particle are con?ned, meaning...Ch. 33 - If a GUT is proven, and the four forces are...Ch. 33 - If the Higgs boson is discovered and found to have...Ch. 33 - Gluons and the photon are massless. Does this...Ch. 33 - A virtual particle having an approximate mass of...Ch. 33 - Calculate the mass in of a virtual carrier...Ch. 33 - Another component of the strong nuclear force is...Ch. 33 - (a) Find the ratio of the strengths the weak and...Ch. 33 - We ratio of the strong to the weak force and the...Ch. 33 - At full energy, protons in the 2.00kmdiameter...Ch. 33 - Suppose a W created in a bubble chamber lives for...Ch. 33 - What length track does a (+ traveling at 0.100 c...Ch. 33 - The 3.20kmlong SLAC produces a beam of 50.0GeV...Ch. 33 - Because of energy loss due to synchrotron...Ch. 33 - A proton and an antiproton collide headon, with...Ch. 33 - When an electron and positron collide at the SLAC...Ch. 33 - The is its own antiparticle and decays in the...Ch. 33 - The primary decay mode for the negative pion is...Ch. 33 - The mass of a theoretical particle that may be...Ch. 33 - The decay mode of the negative muon is (a) Find...Ch. 33 - The decay mode of the positive tau is (a) What...Ch. 33 - The principal decay mode at the sigma zero is (a)...Ch. 33 - (a) What is the uncertainty in the energy released...Ch. 33 - (a) What is the uncertainty in the energy released...Ch. 33 - (a) Verify from its quark composition that the...Ch. 33 - Accelerators such as the Triangle Universities...Ch. 33 - The reaction (described in the preceding problem)...Ch. 33 - One of the decay modes of the omega minus is (a)...Ch. 33 - Repeat the previous problem for the decay modeCh. 33 - One decay mode for the etazero meson is (a) Find...Ch. 33 - One decay mode for the etazero meson is (a) Write...Ch. 33 - Is the decay possible considering the appropriate...Ch. 33 - Is the decay possible considering the appropriate...Ch. 33 - (a) Is the decay possible considering the...Ch. 33 - (a) Is the decay possible considering the...Ch. 33 - The only combination of quark colors that produces...Ch. 33 - (a) Three quarks form a baryon. How many...Ch. 33 - (a) Show that the conjectured decay of the proton,...Ch. 33 - Verify the quantum numbers given for the + in...Ch. 33 - Verify the quantum numbers given for the proton...Ch. 33 - (a) How much energy would be released if the...Ch. 33 - (a) Find the charge, baryon number, strangeness,...Ch. 33 - There are particles called Dmesons. One of them is...Ch. 33 - There are particles called bottom mesons or...Ch. 33 - (a) What particle has the quark composition u-u-d?...Ch. 33 - (a) Show than all combinations of three quarks...Ch. 33 - Integrated Concepts The intensity of cosmic ray...Ch. 33 - Integrated Concepts Assuming conservation of...Ch. 33 - Integrated Concepts What is the wavelength of a...Ch. 33 - Integrated Concepts Calculate the relativistic...Ch. 33 - Integrated Concepts The primary decay mode for the...Ch. 33 - Integrated Concepts Plans for an accelerator that...Ch. 33 - Integrated Concepts Suppose you are designing a...Ch. 33 - Integrated Concepts In supernovas, neutrinos are...Ch. 33 - Construct Your Own Problem Consider an...Ch. 33 - Construct Your Own Problem Consider a detector...
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