
Concept explainers
a.
To determine: The location and function of choanocytes.
Introduction: Choanocytes are present in sponges. They have flagella and fringe of protoplasm is present at the base of flagella. They are also known as “collar cells”. They make up a layer called choanoderm in sponges.
a.

Explanation of Solution
Location: Choanocytes are usually flagellated. These flagellated choanocytes line the spongocoel. Spongocoel is the large cavity present in the center of sponges.
Function: The functions of choanocytes are as follows:
- They create water current enabling the flow of water through the sponge.
- They trap bacteria and engulf food particles by the process of phagocytosis.
b.
To determine: The location and function of amoebocytes.
Introduction: They are present in sponges and also in many other groups of invertebrates. They are capable of amoeboid movement due to presence of pseudopodia.
b.

Explanation of Solution
Location: Amoebocytes are present in the mesohyl region. Mesohyl is the gelatinous layer that separates the two body layers of sponges.
Function: The functions of amoebocytes are as follows:
- They move through the mesohyl and take up food materials from choanocytes and surrounding water medium.
- Digest food material and carry the nutrients to other cells through their amoeboid movement.
- They manufacture the tough skeletal fibres inside the mesohyl.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 33 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
- What did the Cre-lox system used in the Kikuchi et al. 2010 heart regeneration experiment allow researchers to investigate? What was the purpose of the cmlc2 promoter? What is CreER and why was it used in this experiment? If constitutively active Cre was driven by the cmlc2 promoter, rather than an inducible CreER system, what color would you expect new cardiomyocytes in the regenerated area to be no matter what? Why?arrow_forwardWhat kind of organ size regulation is occurring when you graft multiple organs into a mouse and the graft weight stays the same?arrow_forwardWhat is the concept "calories consumed must equal calories burned" in regrads to nutrition?arrow_forward
- You intend to insert patched dominant negative DNA into the left half of the neural tube of a chick. 1) Which side of the neural tube would you put the positive electrode to ensure that the DNA ends up on the left side? 2) What would be the internal (within the embryo) control for this experiment? 3) How can you be sure that the electroporation method itself is not impacting the embryo? 4) What would you do to ensure that the electroporation is working? How can you tell?arrow_forwardDescribe a method to document the diffusion path and gradient of Sonic Hedgehog through the chicken embryo. If modifying the protein, what is one thing you have to consider in regards to maintaining the protein’s function?arrow_forwardThe following table is from Kumar et. al. Highly Selective Dopamine D3 Receptor (DR) Antagonists and Partial Agonists Based on Eticlopride and the D3R Crystal Structure: New Leads for Opioid Dependence Treatment. J. Med Chem 2016.arrow_forward
- The following figure is from Caterina et al. The capsaicin receptor: a heat activated ion channel in the pain pathway. Nature, 1997. Black boxes indicate capsaicin, white circles indicate resinferatoxin. You are a chef in a fancy new science-themed restaurant. You have a recipe that calls for 1 teaspoon of resinferatoxin, but you feel uncomfortable serving foods with "toxins" in them. How much capsaicin could you substitute instead?arrow_forwardWhat protein is necessary for packaging acetylcholine into synaptic vesicles?arrow_forward1. Match each vocabulary term to its best descriptor A. affinity B. efficacy C. inert D. mimic E. how drugs move through body F. how drugs bind Kd Bmax Agonist Antagonist Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamicsarrow_forward
- Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage LearningMedical Terminology for Health Professions, Spira...Health & NutritionISBN:9781305634350Author:Ann Ehrlich, Carol L. Schroeder, Laura Ehrlich, Katrina A. SchroederPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Health Safety And Nutrition F/Young ChildHealth & NutritionISBN:9781305144767Author:MAROTZPublisher:CengageComprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative a...NursingISBN:9781305964792Author:Wilburta Q. Lindh, Carol D. Tamparo, Barbara M. Dahl, Julie Morris, Cindy CorreaPublisher:Cengage Learning


