Brock Biology of Microorganisms (14th Edition)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780321897398
Author: Michael T. Madigan, John M. Martinko, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, David A. Stahl, Thomas Brock
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 31, Problem 5RQ
Summary Introduction
Typhoid is caused by gram-negative bacterium Salmonella enterica (typhi). The bacterium is transmitted through “feces-contaminated water”. Poor sanitation and non-maintenance of sewage treatment plant lead to typhoid fever. Salmonellosis is caused by the ingestion of Salmonella ingested food material. The symptoms pertaining to Salmonellosis are visible after the colonization of the gram-negative gut bacterium Escherichia coli.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Explain what age of culture is most likely to produce an endospore?
Explain why hot temperatures greater than 45 degrees celsius would not initiate the sporulation process in endospores?
Endospore stain: Consider tube 2 of the 7-day bacillus culture. After is was heated, it was incubated for 24 hours then refrigerated. Do you think the cloudiness in this tube is due mostly to vegetative cells or to endospores? Explain your reasoning
Chapter 31 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (14th Edition)
Ch. 31.1 - What is potable water?Ch. 31.1 - Prob. 2MQCh. 31.2 - Why is Escherichia coli used as an indicator...Ch. 31.2 - What procedures are used to ensure the safety of...Ch. 31.3 - What organism causes cholera, and what are the...Ch. 31.3 - Prob. 2MQCh. 31.4 - How is legionellosis transmitted?Ch. 31.4 - Identify specific measures for control of...Ch. 31.5 - Contrast the causative agents of typhoid and noro...Ch. 31.5 - Prob. 2MQ
Ch. 31.6 - List the major food groups as categorized by their...Ch. 31.6 - Identify physical and chemical methods used for...Ch. 31.6 - List some dairy, meat, beverage, and vegetable...Ch. 31.7 - Prob. 1MQCh. 31.7 - Describe microbial sampling procedures for solid...Ch. 31.7 - Prob. 3MQCh. 31.8 - Identify the symptoms and mechanism of...Ch. 31.8 - Prob. 2MQCh. 31.9 - Prob. 1MQCh. 31.9 - Prob. 2MQCh. 31.10 - Describe salmonellosis food infection. How does a...Ch. 31.10 - Prob. 2MQCh. 31.11 - How do STEC strains of Escherichia coli differ...Ch. 31.11 - Why are meats prime vehicles for pathogenic E....Ch. 31.12 - Describe the pathology of Campylobacter food...Ch. 31.12 - Prob. 2MQCh. 31.13 - Prob. 1MQCh. 31.13 - Prob. 2MQCh. 31.14 - In what two forms can Bacillus cereus food...Ch. 31.14 - Compared with all other foodborne or waterborne...Ch. 31 - Prob. 1RQCh. 31 - Prob. 2RQCh. 31 - Why are antibiotics ineffective for the treatment...Ch. 31 - Prob. 4RQCh. 31 - Prob. 5RQCh. 31 - Prob. 6RQCh. 31 - REVIEW QUESTIONS
7. Identify the major methods...Ch. 31 - Prob. 8RQCh. 31 - Prob. 9RQCh. 31 - Prob. 10RQCh. 31 - Prob. 11RQCh. 31 - Prob. 12RQCh. 31 - Prob. 13RQCh. 31 - Prob. 14RQCh. 31 - Prob. 15RQCh. 31 - Prob. 16RQCh. 31 - As a visitor to a country in which cholera is an...Ch. 31 - Prob. 2AQCh. 31 - Prob. 3AQ
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Reactunts C6H12O6 (Glucose) + 2NAD+ + 2ADP 2 Pyruvic acid + 2NADH + 2ATP a. Which of the above are the reactants? b. Which of the above are the products? c. Which reactant is the electron donor? GHz 06 (glucose) d. Which reactant is the electron acceptor? NAD e. Which of the products have been reduced? NADH f. Which of the products have been oxidized? g. Which process was used to produce the ATP? h. Where was the energy initially in this chemical reaction and where is it now that it is finished? i. Where was the carbon initially in this chemical reaction and where is it now that it is finished? j. Where were the electrons initially in this chemical reaction and where is it now that it is finished? 3arrow_forwardThere is ________ the concept of global warming. Very strong evidence to support Some strong evidence to support Evidence both supporting and against Evidence againstarrow_forwardHow many types of reactions can an enzyme perform?arrow_forward
- Your goal is to produce black seeds resistant to mold. So you make the same cross again (between a homozygous black seeded, mold susceptible parent and a homozygous white seeded and mold resistant parent), and, again, advance progeny by SSD to create 100 F10 generation plants. Based on the information you obtained from your first crossing experiment (Question #4), how many F10 plants would you expect to have black seeds and be resistant to mold? Assume that a toxin produced by the mold fungus has been isolated. Only mold resistant seeds will germinate in the presence of the toxin. Could you use this toxin screening procedure to have segregation distortion work in your favor in the F2 generation? Explain your answer. Info from Question 4 a. P Locus (Seed Color): Hypothesis: The null hypothesis (H₀) is that seed color is controlled by alleles at a single locus. Observed Data: Total white seeds: 45 (resistant plants) + 6 (susceptible plants) = 51 Total black seeds: 7 (resistant…arrow_forward10. Consider the following enzyme and its substrate where the "+" and "-" indicate cations and anions, respectively. Explain which of the following inhibitors could inhibit this enzyme? Which type of inhibitor would it be and why? (Video 5-2) Substrate Enzyme Potential inhibitorsarrow_forwardUsing Punnett Squares Punnett squares are one good way to predict the outcome of genetic crosses. Punnett squares use mathematical probability to help predict the genotype and phenotype combinations in genetic crosses. The number of possible alleles from each parent determines the number of rows and columns in the Punnett square. Independent Assortment KEY QUESTION How do alleles segregate when more than one gene is involved? Mendel wondered if the segregation of one pair of alleles affects another pair. For example, does the gene that determines the shape of a seed affect the gene for seed color? This type of experiment is known as a two-factor, or dihybrid, cross because it involves two different genes. Single-gene crosses are monohybrid crosses. Visual Reading Tool: Two-Factor Cross: F₂ The Punnett square shows the results of self-crossing the F, generation of a cross between round yellow peas and wrinkled green peas. 1. List the different genotypes in the F, generation. What is the…arrow_forward
- CHAPTER 12 LESSON 2 Applying Mendel's Principles READING TOOL Connect to Visuals Before you read, preview Figure 12-7. Try to infer the purpose of this diagram. As you read, compare your inference to the text. After you read, revise your statement if needed or write a new one about the diagram's purpose. Take notes on the lines provided. Then view the Punnett square and answer the questions below regarding the genotypes and phenotypes. Inference: Revision: Parent 2 rryy Gametes F ry Parent 1 RRYY Gametes RY RrYy The F, generation are all RrYy. 1. What is the phenotype of parent 1?. 2. What is the genotype of parent 1? 3. What is the phenotype of parent 2? 4. What is the genotype of parent 2? 5. What is the phenotype of the F, offspring?. 6. What is the genotype of the F, offspring?. 7. What kind of cross does this figure describe? 144 Chanter 12 Introduction to Genetice Copyright Pearson Education Inc. or its affiliator. All rights reserved.arrow_forwardHow is the term enzyme related to the term proteinarrow_forwardCan very low temperatures cause proteins to denature? Explain why or why not?arrow_forward
- Humans consider themselves amazingly clever and innovative, constantly developing "new" ways of altering the world around us. As material consumption has increased, many have turned to the ideas of recycling and reuse as a means to minimize some negative aspects of our modern consumerism. Mother Nature though is the ultimate innovator and, more importantly, the ultimate recycler.arrow_forwardH gene assorts independently from the I gene. Both on autosomes. One man and one woman, both of HhIAIB genotype. Determine the blood type of progeny and fractions out of 16arrow_forwardAlleles at the P locus control seed color. Plants which are pp have white seeds, white flowers and no pigment in vegetative parts. Plants which are P_ have black seeds, purple flowers and may have varying degrees of pigment on stems and leaves. Seed color can be assessed, visually, based on if the seed is white or not white A gene for mold resistance has been reported and we want to determine its inheritance and whether it is linked to P. For the purposes of this exercise, we will assume that resistance is controlled by a single locus M, and M_ plants are resistant and mm plants are susceptible. Resistance can be measured, under greenhouse conditions, 2 weeks after planting, by injecting each seedling with a spore suspension. After two weeks, the seedlings can be rated as resistant or susceptible, based on whether or not tissue is actively sporulating. For this exercise we will use seed and data from the F10 generation of a recombinant inbred population produced using single seed…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...
Biology
ISBN:9781305251052
Author:Michael Cummings
Publisher:Cengage Learning