Volkswagen emissions scandal. Refer to the Significance (December 2015) study estimating the number of U.S. deaths attributable to nitrous oxide pollution (NOx) produced from illegal VW vehicles. Exercise 2.30 (p. 61). The researchers varied the values of three different variables—total distance (in miles) driven by these illegal VW vehicles, the amount by which the VW vehicles exceeded the EPA standard for NOx, and the estimated association between NOx emissions and mortality—to obtain their estimates Each variable was set at three different levels Distance (6, 17, and 33 billion miles). Excess amount (15, 30, and 40 times higher than the standard), and Association (.00085. .0019, and .0095 deaths per ton).
- a. How many different combinations of Distance. Excess, and Association are possible? The researchers computed the estimated number of deaths for each of those combinations, which they called scenarios.
- b. Refer to part a. Suppose the researchers desire to select two of these scenarios for a more detailed analysis. If these scenarios are selected at random, how many possible choices of two are there?
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Chapter 3 Solutions
STATISTICS F/BUS.+ECON.-ACCESS(24WKS.)
- Let X be a continuous RV with PDF where a > 0 and 0 > 0 are parameters. verify that f-∞ /x (x)dx = 1. Find the CDF, Fx (7), of X.arrow_forward6. [20] Let X be a continuous RV with PDF 2(1), 1≤x≤2 fx(x) = 0, otherwisearrow_forwardA survey of 581 citizens found that 313 of them favor a new bill introduced by the city. We want to find a 95% confidence interval for the true proportion of the population who favor the bill. What is the lower limit of the interval? Enter the result as a decimal rounded to 3 decimal digits. Your Answer:arrow_forward
- A survey of 581 citizens found that 313 of them favor a new bill introduced by the city. We want to find a 95% confidence interval for the true proportion of the population who favor the bill. What is the lower limit of the interval? Enter the result as a decimal rounded to 3 decimal digits. Your Answer:arrow_forward2. The SMSA data consisting of 141 observations on 10 variables is fitted by the model below: 1 y = Bo+B1x4 + ẞ2x6 + ẞ3x8 + √1X4X8 + V2X6X8 + €. See Question 2, Tutorial 3 for the meaning of the variables in the above model. The following results are obtained: Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|) (Intercept) 1.302e+03 4.320e+02 3.015 0.00307 x4 x6 x8 x4:x8 x6:x8 -1.442e+02 2.056e+01 -7.013 1.02e-10 6.340e-01 6.099e+00 0.104 0.91737 -9.455e-02 5.802e-02 -1.630 0.10550 2.882e-02 2.589e-03 11.132 1.673e-03 7.215e-04 2.319 F) x4 1 3486722 3486722 17.9286 4.214e-05 x6 1 14595537 x8 x4:x8 x6:x8 1 132.4836 < 2.2e-16 1045693 194478 5.3769 0.02191 1 1198603043 1198603043 6163.1900 < 2.2e-16 1 25765100 25765100 1045693 Residuals 135 26254490 Estimated variance matrix (Intercept) x4 x6 x8 x4:x8 x6:x8 (Intercept) x4 x6 x8 x4:x8 x6:x8 0.18875694 1.866030e+05 -5.931735e+03 -2.322825e+03 -16.25142055 0.57188953 -5.931735e+03 4.228816e+02 3.160915e+01 0.61621781 -0.03608028 -0.00445013 -2.322825e+03…arrow_forwardIn some applications the distribution of a discrete RV, X resembles the Poisson distribution except that 0 is not a possible value of X. Consider such a RV with PMF where 1 > 0 is a parameter, and c is a constant. (a) Find the expression of c in terms of 1. (b) Find E(X). (Hint: You can use the fact that, if Y ~ Poisson(1), the E(Y) = 1.)arrow_forward
- Suppose that X ~Bin(n,p). Show that E[(1 - p)] = (1-p²)".arrow_forwardI need help with this problem and an explanation of the solution for the image described below. (Statistics: Engineering Probabilities)arrow_forwardI need help with this problem and an explanation of the solution for the image described below. (Statistics: Engineering Probabilities)arrow_forward
- This exercise is based on the following data on four bodybuilding supplements. (Figures shown correspond to a single serving.) Creatine(grams) L-Glutamine(grams) BCAAs(grams) Cost($) Xtend(SciVation) 0 2.5 7 1.00 Gainz(MP Hardcore) 2 3 6 1.10 Strongevity(Bill Phillips) 2.5 1 0 1.20 Muscle Physique(EAS) 2 2 0 1.00 Your personal trainer suggests that you supplement with at least 10 grams of creatine, 39 grams of L-glutamine, and 90 grams of BCAAs each week. You are thinking of combining Xtend and Gainz to provide you with the required nutrients. How many servings of each should you combine to obtain a week's supply that meets your trainer's specifications at the least cost? (If an answer does not exist, enter DNE.) servings of xtend servings of gainzarrow_forwardI need help with this problem and an explanation of the solution for the image described below. (Statistics: Engineering Probabilities)arrow_forwardI need help with this problem and an explanation of the solution for the image described below. (Statistics: Engineering Probabilities)arrow_forward
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