When most of the major groups of animals evolved according to the current hypothesis. Concept introduction: Animal phylogeny is the rapidly changing field. Biologists mostly depend on the fossils to compare the similarities of body plan and the pattern of development to determine the evolutionary relationships among various animal groups. Explosion in biological terms refers to the increase in size of the population and its complexity in a large scale. Explosion shows adaptive radiation as a part of evolution that occurs. The Cambrian period falls under the Paleozoic era during which major evolution of invertebrates began.

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In order to establish the expiration date of perishable food, growth curve data must be collected. Once the microbial load is so high that it poses a hazard to human health, the food item is no longer considered safe (expired). Generally a load of x50,000 bacteria/gram is considered unsafe. Your task is to determine the microbial growth curves for MicroYo, a new brand of yogurt. The growth is determined by sampling the yogurt and growing the bacterial isolates in broth culture which is then serially diluted by a total of x10,000 and inoculated onto standard petri plates of nutrient agar. The following colony counts are measured: Time (days) MicroYo colony count# 1 1 4 1 12 2 16 20 4 7 What day should you recommend expiring the yogurt (the last possible date before the microbial load is unsafe). 12 4 20 16

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Chapter 30.3, Problem 2C

Summary Introduction

To explain: When most of the major groups of animals evolved according to the current hypothesis.

Concept introduction: Animal phylogeny is the rapidly changing field. Biologists mostly depend on the fossils to compare the similarities of body plan and the pattern of development to determine the evolutionary relationships among various animal groups. Explosion in biological terms refers to the increase in size of the population and its complexity in a large scale. Explosion shows adaptive radiation as a part of evolution that occurs. The Cambrian period falls under the Paleozoic era during which major evolution of invertebrates began.

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In order to establish the expiration date of perishable food, growth curve data must be collected. Once the microbial load is so high that it poses a hazard to human health, the food item is no longer considered safe (expired). Generally a load of x50,000 bacteria/gram is considered unsafe. Your task is to determine the microbial growth curves for MicroYo, a new brand of yogurt. The growth is determined by sampling the yogurt and growing the bacterial isolates in broth culture which is then serially diluted by a total of x10,000 and inoculated onto standard petri plates of nutrient agar. The following colony counts are measured: Time (days) MicroYo colony count# 1 1 4 1 12 2 16 20 4 7 What day should you recommend expiring the yogurt (the last possible date before the microbial load is unsafe). 12 4 20 16

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