Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (Looseleaf)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781337408417
Author: STARR
Publisher: CENGAGE L
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 30, Problem 4DAA
Summary Introduction
To determine: The chemicals that are produced in response to predation by budworms, but not in response to predation by thrips.
Concept introduction: Volatile compounds are secondary metabolites produced by plants. They attract insects for pollination as well as provide defensive signaling systems against pests and diseases. Secondary metabolites are produced in response to disease or some predation attack.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Identify how the function of C4
biochemistry results in an increase in
WUE (water use efficiency, unit C gain
per unit H20 loss) and NUE (nitrogen use
efficiency, unit C gain per unit leaf N)
relative to a C3 plant
Assume that two pigments, red and bluc, mix to give the normal purple color of petunia petals. Separate biochemical pathways
synthesize the two pigments, as shown in pathways I and Il in the accompanying diagram. "White" refers to compounds that are
not pigments (total lack of pigment results in a white petal). Red pigment forms from a yellow intermediate that is normally at a
concentration loo kow to color petals. Bluc mixed with yellow makes green. Assume that no mutations are lethal.
Pathway I..
White
Blue
Pathway I White,
Yellow
Red
Pathway II
White,
White,
A third pathway, whose compoundk do not contribute pelal pigmentation, normally docs not allfect the bluc and red pathways.
However, if one of its intermediates (white3) should build up in concentration, it can be converted into the ycllow intermediate of
the red pathway. In the diagram, the letiers A through E represent enzymes. The enzymes' correspoonding genes, all of which are
unlinked, may be symbolized by the same letters.…
Which statement on the biosynthesis of cannabinoids is
NOT TRUE?
Select one:
O a. Geranyl pyrophosphate is formed as a precursor
via the deoxyxylulose pathway in cannabis
O b. Divarinic acid is the precursor for the production of
propyl cannabinoid acids.
O C. When prenyl-transferase enzyme uses olivetolic
acid as substrate cannabigerivarinic acid (CBGVA) is
formed.
O d. THCA-synthase, CBDA-synthase, and CBC-
synthase enzymes can use both CBGA and GBGVA
as substrate.
Chapter 30 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (Looseleaf)
Ch. 30 - Volatile Secondary Metabolites in Plant Stress...Ch. 30 - Volatile Secondary Metabolites in Plant Stress...Ch. 30 - Volatile Secondary Metabolites in Plant Stress...Ch. 30 - Prob. 4DAACh. 30 - Prob. 1SQCh. 30 - Prob. 2SQCh. 30 - Prob. 3SQCh. 30 - _______ is the hormone in most rooting compounds....Ch. 30 - Prob. 5SQCh. 30 - Prob. 6SQ
Ch. 30 - Prob. 7SQCh. 30 - Ethylene differs from other hormones in that it...Ch. 30 - Prob. 9SQCh. 30 - Prob. 10SQCh. 30 - Prob. 11SQCh. 30 - Prob. 12SQCh. 30 - Match the hormone with the description. _____...Ch. 30 - Prob. 14SQCh. 30 - Prob. 15SQCh. 30 - Professional gardeners often soak seeds in...Ch. 30 - Photosynthesis sustains plant growth, and inputs...Ch. 30 - Prob. 3CTCh. 30 - Cattle in industrial dairy farms are typically...Ch. 30 - The oat coleoptiles on the left have been...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- All plants contain chlorophyll a. In addition, many plants contain other types of chlorophylls and accessory pigments. Suppose a new agricultural technology is developed in which accessory pigments are somehow embedded or injected into crops that naturally have only chlorophyll a. Explain the food production advantage that these plants could hypothetically provide if they could utilize many of these pigments rather than just one type of chlorophyllarrow_forwardIf photosynthesizing plants are grown in thepresence of 14CO2, is every carbon atom of the glucose that is produced labeled with the radioactive carbon? Why or why not?arrow_forwardchoose one of two optionsarrow_forward
- Phytochrome, plays an important role in flowering in many plants. It can also be used to determine when lettuce seeds germinate (shown in the figure below Which scenario(s) above produce large amounts of the active form of phytochrome? A B A & C B & Darrow_forwardBruce Ames and his colleagues have pointed out that although detailed toxicological analysis has been conducted on synthetic chemicals, almost no information is available about the mutagenic or carcinogenic effects of the toxins produced by plants as a natural defense against fungi, insects, and animal predators. Tens of thousands of such compounds have been discovered, and he estimates that in the United States adults eat about 1.5 g of these compounds each daylevels that are approximately 10,000 times higher than those of the synthetic pesticides present in the diet. For example, cabbage contains 49 natural pesticides and metabolites, and only a few of these have been tested for their carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. a. With the introduction of new foods into the U.S. diet over the last 200 years (mangoes, kiwi fruit, tomatoes, and so forth), has there been enough time for humans to develop resistance to the mutagenic effects of the toxins present in those foods? b. The natural pesticides present in plants constitute more than 99% of the toxins we eat. Should diet planning, especially for vegetarians, take into account the doses of toxins present in the diet?arrow_forwardVolatile Secondary Metabolites in Plant Stress Responses In 2007, researchers Casey Delphia, Mark Mescher, and Consuelo De Moraes (pictured at left) published a study on the production of different volatile chemicals by tobacco plants in response to predation by two types of insects: western flower thrips and tobacco budworms. Their results are shown in FIGURE 30.20. Volatile Compound Produced Treatment C T W WT HV HVT Myrcene 0 0 0 0 17 22 -Ocimene 0 433 15 121 4.299 5.315 Linatod 0 0 0 0 125 178 indole 0 0 0 0 74 142 Nicotine 0 0 233 160 390 538 -Etemene 0 0 0 0 90 102 -Caryophyllene 0 100 40 124 3.704 6.166 -Humutene 0 0 0 0 123 209 Sesquiterpene 0 7 0 0 219 268 -Farnesene 0 15 0 0 293 457 Caryophyltene oxide 0 0 0 0 89 166 Total 0 555 288 406 9.423 13.563 FIGURE 30.20 Volatile (airborne) compounds produced by tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum) in response to predation by Different inserts. Plants were untreated (C), attacked by thrips (T), mechanically wounded (W). mechanically wounded and attacked by thrips (WT), attacked by budworms (HVJ, or attacked by budworms and thrips (HVTJ. Values are nanograms/day. 1. Which treatment elicited the greatest production of volatiles?arrow_forward
- Volatile Secondary Metabolites in Plant Stress Responses In 2007, researchers Casey Delphia, Mark Mescher, and Consuelo De Moraes (pictured at left) published a study on the production of different volatile chemicals by tobacco plants in response to predation by two types of insects: western flower thrips and tobacco budworms. Their results are shown in FIGURE 30.20. Volatile Compound Produced Treatment C T W WT HV HVT Myrcene 0 0 0 0 17 22 -Ocimene 0 433 15 121 4.299 5.315 Linatod 0 0 0 0 125 178 indole 0 0 0 0 74 142 Nicotine 0 0 233 160 390 538 -Etemene 0 0 0 0 90 102 -Caryophyllene 0 100 40 124 3.704 6.166 -Humutene 0 0 0 0 123 209 Sesquiterpene 0 7 0 0 219 268 -Farnesene 0 15 0 0 293 457 Caryophyltene oxide 0 0 0 0 89 166 Total 0 555 288 406 9.423 13.563 FIGURE 30.20 Volatile (airborne) compounds produced by tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum) in response to predation by Different inserts. Plants were untreated (C), attacked by thrips (T), mechanically wounded (W). mechanically wounded and attacked by thrips (WT), attacked by budworms (HVJ, or attacked by budworms and thrips (HVTJ. Values are nanograms/day. 2. Which volatile chemical was produced in the greatest amount? What was the stimulus?arrow_forwardVolatile Secondary Metabolites in Plant Stress Responses In 2007, researchers Casey Delphia, Mark Mescher, and Consuelo De Moraes (pictured at left) published a study on the production of different volatile chemicals by tobacco plants in response to predation by two types of insects: western flower thrips and tobacco budworms. Their results are shown in FIGURE 30.20. Volatile Compound Produced Treatment C T W WT HV HVT Myrcene 0 0 0 0 17 22 -Ocimene 0 433 15 121 4.299 5.315 Linatod 0 0 0 0 125 178 indole 0 0 0 0 74 142 Nicotine 0 0 233 160 390 538 -Etemene 0 0 0 0 90 102 -Caryophyllene 0 100 40 124 3.704 6.166 -Humutene 0 0 0 0 123 209 Sesquiterpene 0 7 0 0 219 268 -Farnesene 0 15 0 0 293 457 Caryophyltene oxide 0 0 0 0 89 166 Total 0 555 288 406 9.423 13.563 FIGURE 30.20 Volatile (airborne) compounds produced by tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum) in response to predation by Different inserts. Plants were untreated (C), attacked by thrips (T), mechanically wounded (W). mechanically wounded and attacked by thrips (WT), attacked by budworms (HVJ, or attacked by budworms and thrips (HVTJ. Values are nanograms/day. 3. Which one of the chemicals tested is most likely produced by tobacco plants in a nonspecific response to predation?arrow_forwardVolatile Secondary Metabolites in Plant Stress Responses In 2007, researchers Casey Delphia, Mark Mescher, and Consuelo De Moraes (pictured at left) published a study on the production of different volatile chemicals by tobacco plants in response to predation by two types of insects: western flower thrips and tobacco budworms. Their results are shown in FIGURE 30.20. Volatile Compound Produced Treatment C T W WT HV HVT Myrcene 0 0 0 0 17 22 -Ocimene 0 433 15 121 4.299 5.315 Linatod 0 0 0 0 125 178 indole 0 0 0 0 74 142 Nicotine 0 0 233 160 390 538 -Etemene 0 0 0 0 90 102 -Caryophyllene 0 100 40 124 3.704 6.166 -Humutene 0 0 0 0 123 209 Sesquiterpene 0 7 0 0 219 268 -Farnesene 0 15 0 0 293 457 Caryophyltene oxide 0 0 0 0 89 166 Total 0 555 288 406 9.423 13.563 FIGURE 30.20 Volatile (airborne) compounds produced by tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum) in response to predation by Different inserts. Plants were untreated (C), attacked by thrips (T), mechanically wounded (W). mechanically wounded and attacked by thrips (WT), attacked by budworms (HVJ, or attacked by budworms and thrips (HVTJ. Values are nanograms/day. 4. Are any chemicals produced in response to predation by budworms, but not in response to predation by thrips?arrow_forward
- Four species in the Chenopodiaceae were found to have one cell C4 photosynthesis. Givee 3 biochemical properties that could establish that these are C4 plants rather than C3 plants. For each property, describe and explain the test result or data you would expect if the plant is C4 rather than C3.arrow_forwardThe herbicide dinoseb, which was removed from the market many years ago, killed plants by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation. Ironically, plants have embedded in the inner membrane of their mitochondria a protein named the “uncoupling protein” that essentially can carry out the same process caused by dinoseb. The mechanism of uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation involves which of the following scenarios. A. Excess electrons oxidize lipids in the mitochondrial membranes, thus destroying the electron transport chain B. Excessive oxygen is consumed via reduction to water, thus depriving the mitochondria of the ability to carry out phosphorylation that requires oxygen C. The membrane selectivity required to maintain a proton gradient is altered so the potential for driving ATP synthesis via chemiosmosis is degraded D. Uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation kicks a cell into a fermentative pathway that cannot supply sufficient ATParrow_forwardThe enzyme adenosine kinase (AdoK) is critical for psilocybin biosynthesis. Adok is a kinase that catalyzes the phosphorylation of adenosine (Ado) to Adenosine-5'-monophosphate (AMP) using ATP. You obtain the following results of an enzyme analysis of Adok from the Mushroom P. cubensis: Total enzyme concentration (M) Substrate KM (M) Ado ATP Ma 35 35 keat (sec ¹) 1.4 x 10³ 1.4 x 10³ 33.5 11.6 (a) Is the AdoKk enzyme a more efficient enzyme for ATP or Ado substrate? Explain (b) Does the enzyme approach the diffusion limit for either substrate? Explain (c) What is the Lineweaver Burk plot equation for the Adok enzyme for the substrate Ado ([S] = [Ado])? (Write the Lineweaver-Burk equation)arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap...BiologyISBN:9781305073951Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage LearningHuman Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap...
Biology
ISBN:9781305073951
Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...
Biology
ISBN:9781305251052
Author:Michael Cummings
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305389892
Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Cengage Learning
How do Plants Handle Stress?; Author: Alex Dainis;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYsnveEHqec;License: Standard Youtube License