Concept introduction: Plant hormones (phytohormones) are the chemical molecules produced by plant tissues in extremely low concentrations for assisting cardinal functions like flowering, fruit ripening, photo periodism, and stress relief. They also help in sex determination of the flowers produced by the plant. There are five major phytohormones, which are auxin, gibberellin, cytokinine, abscicic acid and ethylene. Each of these also has their own characteristic functions.
Answer to Problem 1SQ
Correct answer: Plant hormones are active in adult plants with different effects in different tissues that often have multiple, overlapping effects especially for developing plant embryos. Therefore, option e. is correct.
Explanation of Solution
Reason for correct answer: Plant hormones are chemical molecules that do many cardinal roles in the plant body. They have different functions in different tissues of adult plants. Many plant hormones have multiple and overlapping effects that are very essential for the growth and development of the plant.
Option e. is given as “all of the above”. Since plant hormones have many important functions in the adult plant body, they have different functions in different tissues especially for developing the plant embryo. Therefore, option e. is correct.
Reasons for incorrect answer:
Option a. is given as “often have multiple, overlapping effects”. Plant hormones are the chemical compounds produced by the plant body. Other than multiple effects, they are only functional in adult plants. Moreover, they do different functions in different tissues especially in developing the plant embryo. Therefore, option a. is incorrect.
Option b. is given as “are active in developing plant embryos”. Plant hormones are chemical compounds produced by the adult plant body. They are very active for developing the plant embryo. Moreover, they do different effects in different plant tissues with multiple or overlapping functions. Therefore, option b. is incorrect.
Option c. is given as “are active in adult plants”. Plant hormones have multiple effects on different tissues of an adult plant body especially for developing the plant embryo. Therefore, option c. is incorrect.
Option d. is given as “may have different effects in different tissues”. Plant hormones have different effects in different tissues. They are very active for developing the plant embryos of adult plants. Therefore, option d. is incorrect.
Hence, options a., b., c., and d. are incorrect.
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Chapter 30 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
- Match the observation with the main hormones.. ___ ethylene a. Your cabbage plants bolt they form elongated flowering stalks. ___ cytokinin b. The potted plant in your room is leaning toward the window ___ auxin c. Lateral buds are sprouting. ___ gibberellin d. The seeds of your roommates marijuana plant do not germinate no matter what he does to them. ___ abscisic acid e. The last of your apples is getting really mushy ___ nitric oxide f. Your lettuce plants develop brown spots on their leaves.arrow_forwardPlant hormones______ . a. trigger the same responses in animals and plants b. are cues for tropisms c. do not participate in stress responses d. may have different effects in different tissuesarrow_forwardThis plant hormone is a hydrocarbon gaseous hormone, which is best known for its role in fruit ripening. A. Auxin B. Gibberellins O C. Strigolactone D. Abscisic acid O E. Ethylenearrow_forward
- Last Valentine's day, an 18-year old girl received a bouquet of flowers from the boy that she likes. She wanted to keep the cut flowers for a few more days so she asked for your advice on how she can retain the freshness of the flowers. Given this situation, what specific plant hormone would you recommend to her? a. abscisic acid b. auxin c. ethylene d. gibberellin e. cytokininarrow_forwardB. Identify the plant responses to inducing hormones. Choose your answers in the box and write the correct answers on the blank. G. FLORIGEN A. AUXIN D. ABSCISIC ACID B. GIBBERELLINS E. ETHYLYNE H. METHYL SALICYLATE C. CYTOKININS F. SYSTEMIN _1. Seed germination _2. Phototropism _3. Maintains seed dormancy _4. Shoot elongation _5. Leaf drop _6. Stimulates lateral bud _7. Influence flowering 8. Gravitropism _9. Closes stomata _10. Prevents lateral bud sprout (apical dominance) _11. Fruit development 12. Fruit ripening 13. Gaseous hormonearrow_forwardB. Match the hormones that are supposed to be added to a plant in order to achieve the following results: a. Auxin b. Gibberellin c. Cytokinin d. Abscisic Acid e. Ethylene 19. unpollinated flowers are treated with this hormone so ovary enlarges and becomes a seedless fruit 20. substitute for temperature or light cues in plant seeds to get them to germinate 21. black spots on banana skin are spots where these are produced inducing ripening 22. seeds/bulbs stay dormant during winter to ensure survival of the plant when it germinates 23. most grape growers spray this in vines to increase length of branches between fruit clusters for more air spaces among fruits to lower fungal infections 24. sprayed on cut leaves and stems so they will remain green longer while unsprayed leaves will turn yellow and diearrow_forward
- B. Match the hormones that are supposed to be added to a plant in order to achieve the following results: a. Auxin b. Gibberellin c. Cytokinin d. Abscisic Acid e. Ethylene 19. unpollinated flowers are treated with this hormone so ovary enlarges and becomes a seedless fruit 20. substitute for temperature or light cues in plant seeds to get them to germinate 21. black spots on banana skin are spots where these are produced inducing ripening 22. seeds/bulbs stay dormant during winter to ensure survival of the plant when it germinates 23. most grape growers spray this in vines to increase length of branches between fruit clusters for more air spaces among fruits to lower fungal infections 24 spraved on cut leaves and stems so they will remain green longer while unsprayed leaves will tum yellow and diearrow_forwarddiscuss five (5) plant hormonesarrow_forwardMatch the hormone with the observation. ___ ethylene a. Your cabbage plants form ___ cytokinin elongated flowering stalks. ___ auxin b. The potted plant in your room ___ gibberellin is leaning toward the window. ___ ABA c. The last of your apples is getting ___ nitric oxide really mushy. d. The seeds of your roommate’s marijuana plant do not germinate no matter what he does to them. e. Lateral buds are sprouting. f. Your lettuce plants develop brown spots on their leaves.arrow_forward
- III. This hormone also helps in the plant regulation of body fluid. IV. It is the movement of a plant subjected to constant directional pressure V. These are the nervous supporting cells.arrow_forwardAn unripe avocado placed in a paper bag with an apple will ripen; its skin will turn darker green, it will soften, and it will produce an increasing amount of odors. Which plant hormone released by the apple causes this effect? Select one: a. Abscisic acid b. Auxins c. Ethylene d. Gibberellins e. Jasmonic acidarrow_forwardA colour change in the fruit and an increase in its sweetness is due to a. the plant hormone ethylene b. keeping the fruit in the sun c. picking the fruit off the plant early d. spraying the fruit with abscisic acid e. keeping the fruit in the coldarrow_forward
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