Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781133104261
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 30, Problem 12OQ
To determine
The mass decrease in the nuclear fuel representing the energy converted from rest energy in to other forms of the event.
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Question: If the entire 450 kg antimatter fuel supply of the Enterprise combines with the same amount of
matter and is complete converted into energy, how much energy is then released? How does this compare
to the U.S. yearly energy use, which is roughly 1.0 * 1020J?1
Give your answer as a percentage and give both answers in two significant figures (link).
Remember E = m * c with c =
2.998 * 10° m/s
1Young, H.. and Freedman, R. (2015) University Physics with Modern Physics. Pearson.
Solution:
Released energy:
Percentage:
If the energy in fusion bombs were used to supply the energy needs of the world, how many of the 9-megaton variety would be needed for a year’s supply of energy (using data from U(x) = 1/2(kx2) + const.)?
The energy yield of a nuclear weapon is often defined in terms of the equivalent mass of a conventional explosive. 1 ton of a conventional explosive releases 4.2 GJ. A typical nuclear warhead releases 250,000 times more, so the yield is expressed as 250 kilotons. That is a staggering explosion, but the asteroid impact that wiped out the dinosaurs was significantly greater. Assume that the asteroid was a sphere 10 km in diameter, with a density of 2500 kg/m3 and moving at 30 km/s. What energy was released at impact, in joules and in kilotons?
Chapter 30 Solutions
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Ch. 30.1 - Prob. 30.1QQCh. 30.1 - Prob. 30.2QQCh. 30.3 - Prob. 30.3QQCh. 30.3 - Suppose you have a pure radioactive material with...Ch. 30.4 - Which of the following is the correct daughter...Ch. 30.4 - Which of the following is the correct daughter...Ch. 30 - Prob. 1OQCh. 30 - Prob. 2OQCh. 30 - Prob. 3OQCh. 30 - Prob. 4OQ
Ch. 30 - Prob. 5OQCh. 30 - Prob. 6OQCh. 30 - Prob. 7OQCh. 30 - Prob. 8OQCh. 30 - Prob. 9OQCh. 30 - Prob. 10OQCh. 30 - Which of the following quantities represents the...Ch. 30 - Prob. 12OQCh. 30 - Prob. 1CQCh. 30 - Prob. 2CQCh. 30 - Prob. 3CQCh. 30 - Prob. 4CQCh. 30 - Prob. 5CQCh. 30 - Prob. 6CQCh. 30 - Prob. 7CQCh. 30 - If no more people were to be born, the law of...Ch. 30 - Prob. 9CQCh. 30 - Prob. 10CQCh. 30 - Prob. 11CQCh. 30 - What fraction of a radioactive sample has decayed...Ch. 30 - Prob. 13CQCh. 30 - Prob. 14CQCh. 30 - Prob. 15CQCh. 30 - Prob. 16CQCh. 30 - Prob. 17CQCh. 30 - Prob. 1PCh. 30 - Prob. 2PCh. 30 - Prob. 3PCh. 30 - Prob. 4PCh. 30 - Prob. 5PCh. 30 - Prob. 6PCh. 30 - Prob. 7PCh. 30 - Prob. 8PCh. 30 - Prob. 9PCh. 30 - Prob. 10PCh. 30 - Prob. 11PCh. 30 - Prob. 12PCh. 30 - Prob. 13PCh. 30 - Prob. 14PCh. 30 - Prob. 16PCh. 30 - Prob. 17PCh. 30 - Prob. 18PCh. 30 - What time interval elapses while 90.0% of the...Ch. 30 - Prob. 20PCh. 30 - Prob. 21PCh. 30 - Prob. 22PCh. 30 - Prob. 23PCh. 30 - Prob. 24PCh. 30 - Prob. 25PCh. 30 - Prob. 26PCh. 30 - Prob. 27PCh. 30 - Prob. 28PCh. 30 - Prob. 29PCh. 30 - Prob. 30PCh. 30 - Prob. 31PCh. 30 - Prob. 32PCh. 30 - Prob. 33PCh. 30 - Prob. 34PCh. 30 - Prob. 35PCh. 30 - Prob. 36PCh. 30 - Prob. 37PCh. 30 - Prob. 38PCh. 30 - Prob. 39PCh. 30 - Prob. 41PCh. 30 - Prob. 42PCh. 30 - Prob. 43PCh. 30 - Prob. 45PCh. 30 - Prob. 46PCh. 30 - Prob. 47PCh. 30 - Prob. 48PCh. 30 - Prob. 49PCh. 30 - Prob. 50PCh. 30 - Prob. 51PCh. 30 - Prob. 52PCh. 30 - Prob. 53PCh. 30 - Prob. 54PCh. 30 - Prob. 55PCh. 30 - Prob. 56PCh. 30 - Prob. 57PCh. 30 - Prob. 58PCh. 30 - Prob. 59PCh. 30 - Prob. 60PCh. 30 - Prob. 61PCh. 30 - Prob. 62PCh. 30 - Prob. 63PCh. 30 - Prob. 64PCh. 30 - Prob. 65PCh. 30 - Prob. 66PCh. 30 - Prob. 67PCh. 30 - Prob. 68PCh. 30 - Prob. 69PCh. 30 - Prob. 70P
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- If the rest energies of a proton and a neutron (the two constituents of nuclei) are 938.3 and 939.6 MeV, what is the difference in their mass in kilograms?arrow_forwardEnergy reaches the upper atmosphere of the Earth from the Sun at the rate of 1.79 1017 W. If all of this energy were absorbed by the Earth and not re-emitted, how much would the mass of the Earth increase in 1.00 yr?arrow_forwardUsing data from Potential Energy of a System (http://cnx.org/content/m58312/latest/#fs-id1165036086155) , calculate the amount of mass converted to energy by the fusion of 1.00 kg of hydrogen. (b) What is the ratio of mass destroyed to the original mass, (c) How does this compare with for the fission of 1.00 kg of uranium?arrow_forward
- (a) Using data from Table 7.1, calculate the mass converted to energy by the fission of 1.00 kg of uranium. (b) What is the ratio of mass destroyed to the original mass, m/m ?arrow_forwardIn a nuclear power plain, the fuel rods last 3 yr before they are replaced. The plant can transform energy at a maximum possible rate of 1.00 GW. Supposing it operates at 80.0% capacity for 3.00 yr, what is the loss of mass of the fuel?arrow_forwardA muon formed high in Earth's atmosphere travels toward Earth at a speed v = 0.990c for a distance of 4.60 km as measured by an observer at rest with respect to Earth. It then decays into an electron, a neutrino, and an antineutrino. (a) How long does the muon survive according to an observer at rest on Earth? (b) Compute the gamma factor associated with the muon. (c) How much time passes according to an observer traveling with the muon? (d) What distance does the muon travel according to an observer traveling with the muon? (e) A third observer traveling toward the muon at c/2 measures the lifetime of the particle. According to this observer, is the muons lifetime shorter or longer than the lifetime measured by the observer at rest with respect to Earth? Explain.arrow_forward
- Suppose you are designing a proton decay experiment and you can detect 50 percent of the proton decays in a tank of water. (a) How many kilograms of water would you need to see one decay per month, assuming a lifetime of 1031 y? (b) How many cubic meters of water is this? (c) If the actual lifetime is 1033 y, how long would you have to wait on an average to see a single proton decay?arrow_forwardThe primary decay mode for the negative pion is +v . (a) What is the energy release in MeV in this decay? (b) Using conservation of momentum, how much energy does each of the decay products receive, given the is at rest when it decays? You may assume the muon antineutrino is massless and has momentum p = E/c , just like a photon.arrow_forward(a) Using data from Table 7.1, calculate the amount of mass converted to energy by the fusion of 1.00 kg of hydrogen. (b) What is the ratio of mass destroyed to the original mass, m/m ? (c) How does this compare with m/m for the fission of 1.00 kg of uranium?arrow_forward
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