Research Methods for the Behavioral Sciences
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780357231913
Author: Frederick J Gravetter; Lori-Ann B. Forzano
Publisher: Cengage Limited
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Chapter 3, Problem 7E
Explain how inter-rater reliability is established.
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Question 2. An American option on a stock has payoff given by F = f(St) when it is exercised
at time t. We know that the function f is convex. A person claims that because of convexity,
it is optimal to exercise at expiration T. Do you agree with them?
Question 4. We consider a CRR model with So == 5 and up and down factors u = 1.03 and
d = 0.96. We consider the interest rate r = 4% (over one period). Is this a suitable CRR
model? (Explain your answer.)
Question 3. We want to price a put option with strike price K and expiration T. Two financial
advisors estimate the parameters with two different statistical methods: they obtain the same
return rate μ, the same volatility σ, but the first advisor has interest r₁ and the second advisor
has interest rate r2 (r1>r2). They both use a CRR model with the same number of periods to
price the option. Which advisor will get the larger price? (Explain your answer.)
Chapter 3 Solutions
Research Methods for the Behavioral Sciences
Ch. 3.2 - Define a construct and explain the role that...Ch. 3.2 - Define an operational definition and explain the...Ch. 3.3 - Define a positive relationship and a negative...Ch. 3.3 - Define the validity of measurement and explain why...Ch. 3.3 - Define the reliability of measurement and explain...Ch. 3.4 - Compare and contrast the four scales of...Ch. 3.5 - Identify the three modalities of measurement and...Ch. 3.6 - Define a ceiling effect and a floor effect and...Ch. 3.6 - Define an artifact and explain how examples of...Ch. 3 - In addition to the key words, you should also be...
Ch. 3 - Some variables, such as height, can be measured...Ch. 3 - Briefly explain what an operational definition is...Ch. 3 - A researcher evaluates a new cholesterol...Ch. 3 - A clinical researcher has developed a new test for...Ch. 3 - Suppose that a social scientist has developed a...Ch. 3 - Explain how inter-rater reliability is...Ch. 3 - A researcher claims that intelligence can be...Ch. 3 - Identify the scale of measurement that allows each...Ch. 3 - What is the primary advantage of self-report...Ch. 3 - Describe the strengths and weaknesses of...Ch. 3 - What is a ceiling effect, and how can it be a...Ch. 3 - What are demand characteristics, and how do they...Ch. 3 - Describe how the concept of participant reactivity...Ch. 3 - Select a subject and use a full-text database such...Ch. 3 - Select one construct from the following list:...Ch. 3 - For each of the following operational definitions,...
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- Question 5. We consider a put option with strike price K and expiration T. This option is priced using a 1-period CRR model. We consider r > 0, and σ > 0 very large. What is the approximate price of the option? In other words, what is the limit of the price of the option as σ∞. (Briefly justify your answer.)arrow_forwardQuestion 6. You collect daily data for the stock of a company Z over the past 4 months (i.e. 80 days) and calculate the log-returns (yk)/(-1. You want to build a CRR model for the evolution of the stock. The expected value and standard deviation of the log-returns are y = 0.06 and Sy 0.1. The money market interest rate is r = 0.04. Determine the risk-neutral probability of the model.arrow_forwardSeveral markets (Japan, Switzerland) introduced negative interest rates on their money market. In this problem, we will consider an annual interest rate r < 0. We consider a stock modeled by an N-period CRR model where each period is 1 year (At = 1) and the up and down factors are u and d. (a) We consider an American put option with strike price K and expiration T. Prove that if <0, the optimal strategy is to wait until expiration T to exercise.arrow_forward
- We consider an N-period CRR model where each period is 1 year (At = 1), the up factor is u = 0.1, the down factor is d = e−0.3 and r = 0. We remind you that in the CRR model, the stock price at time tn is modeled (under P) by Sta = So exp (μtn + σ√AtZn), where (Zn) is a simple symmetric random walk. (a) Find the parameters μ and σ for the CRR model described above. (b) Find P Ste So 55/50 € > 1). StN (c) Find lim P 804-N (d) Determine q. (You can use e- 1 x.) Ste (e) Find Q So (f) Find lim Q 004-N StN Soarrow_forwardIn this problem, we consider a 3-period stock market model with evolution given in Fig. 1 below. Each period corresponds to one year. The interest rate is r = 0%. 16 22 28 12 16 12 8 4 2 time Figure 1: Stock evolution for Problem 1. (a) A colleague notices that in the model above, a movement up-down leads to the same value as a movement down-up. He concludes that the model is a CRR model. Is your colleague correct? (Explain your answer.) (b) We consider a European put with strike price K = 10 and expiration T = 3 years. Find the price of this option at time 0. Provide the replicating portfolio for the first period. (c) In addition to the call above, we also consider a European call with strike price K = 10 and expiration T = 3 years. Which one has the highest price? (It is not necessary to provide the price of the call.) (d) We now assume a yearly interest rate r = 25%. We consider a Bermudan put option with strike price K = 10. It works like a standard put, but you can exercise it…arrow_forwardIn this problem, we consider a 2-period stock market model with evolution given in Fig. 1 below. Each period corresponds to one year (At = 1). The yearly interest rate is r = 1/3 = 33%. This model is a CRR model. 25 15 9 10 6 4 time Figure 1: Stock evolution for Problem 1. (a) Find the values of up and down factors u and d, and the risk-neutral probability q. (b) We consider a European put with strike price K the price of this option at time 0. == 16 and expiration T = 2 years. Find (c) Provide the number of shares of stock that the replicating portfolio contains at each pos- sible position. (d) You find this option available on the market for $2. What do you do? (Short answer.) (e) We consider an American put with strike price K = 16 and expiration T = 2 years. Find the price of this option at time 0 and describe the optimal exercising strategy. (f) We consider an American call with strike price K ○ = 16 and expiration T = 2 years. Find the price of this option at time 0 and describe…arrow_forward
- 2.2, 13.2-13.3) question: 5 point(s) possible ubmit test The accompanying table contains the data for the amounts (in oz) in cans of a certain soda. The cans are labeled to indicate that the contents are 20 oz of soda. Use the sign test and 0.05 significance level to test the claim that cans of this soda are filled so that the median amount is 20 oz. If the median is not 20 oz, are consumers being cheated? Click the icon to view the data. What are the null and alternative hypotheses? OA. Ho: Medi More Info H₁: Medi OC. Ho: Medi H₁: Medi Volume (in ounces) 20.3 20.1 20.4 Find the test stat 20.1 20.5 20.1 20.1 19.9 20.1 Test statistic = 20.2 20.3 20.3 20.1 20.4 20.5 Find the P-value 19.7 20.2 20.4 20.1 20.2 20.2 P-value= (R 19.9 20.1 20.5 20.4 20.1 20.4 Determine the p 20.1 20.3 20.4 20.2 20.3 20.4 Since the P-valu 19.9 20.2 19.9 Print Done 20 oz 20 oz 20 oz 20 oz ce that the consumers are being cheated.arrow_forwardT Teenage obesity (O), and weekly fast-food meals (F), among some selected Mississippi teenagers are: Name Obesity (lbs) # of Fast-foods per week Josh 185 10 Karl 172 8 Terry 168 9 Kamie Andy 204 154 12 6 (a) Compute the variance of Obesity, s²o, and the variance of fast-food meals, s², of this data. [Must show full work]. (b) Compute the Correlation Coefficient between O and F. [Must show full work]. (c) Find the Coefficient of Determination between O and F. [Must show full work]. (d) Obtain the Regression equation of this data. [Must show full work]. (e) Interpret your answers in (b), (c), and (d). (Full explanations required). Edit View Insert Format Tools Tablearrow_forwardThe average miles per gallon for a sample of 40 cars of model SX last year was 32.1, with a population standard deviation of 3.8. A sample of 40 cars from this year’s model SX has an average of 35.2 mpg, with a population standard deviation of 5.4. Find a 99 percent confidence interval for the difference in average mpg for this car brand (this year’s model minus last year’s).Find a 99 percent confidence interval for the difference in average mpg for last year’s model minus this year’s. What does the negative difference mean?arrow_forward
- A special interest group reports a tiny margin of error (plus or minus 0.04 percent) for its online survey based on 50,000 responses. Is the margin of error legitimate? (Assume that the group’s math is correct.)arrow_forwardSuppose that 73 percent of a sample of 1,000 U.S. college students drive a used car as opposed to a new car or no car at all. Find an 80 percent confidence interval for the percentage of all U.S. college students who drive a used car.What sample size would cut this margin of error in half?arrow_forwardYou want to compare the average number of tines on the antlers of male deer in two nearby metro parks. A sample of 30 deer from the first park shows an average of 5 tines with a population standard deviation of 3. A sample of 35 deer from the second park shows an average of 6 tines with a population standard deviation of 3.2. Find a 95 percent confidence interval for the difference in average number of tines for all male deer in the two metro parks (second park minus first park).Do the parks’ deer populations differ in average size of deer antlers?arrow_forward
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