EBK THE COSMIC PERSPECTIVE
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780135161760
Author: Voit
Publisher: VST
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Chapter 3, Problem 50EAP
Method of Eratosthenes II. You are an astronomer on planet Tirth, which orbits a distant star. It has recently been accepted that Tirth is spherical in shape, though no one knows its size. One day, you learn that on the equinox your sun is directly overhead in the city of Tyene, located 400 kilometers due north of you. On the equinox, you go outside and observe that the altitude of your sun is 86°. What is the circumference of Tirth? (Hint: Apply the technique used by Eratosthenes to measure Earth’s circumference.)
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Copernicus's heliocentric model and Ptolemy's geocentric model were each developed to provide a description of the
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Sort each statement according to whether it is an advantage of the heliocentric model, the geocentric model, or both.
Select the appropriate items to their respective bins.
Heliocentric
Rooted in widely accepted religious
beliefs regarding Earth's place in the
universe
Explained planetary motions and
brightness changes most simply
Predicted planetary positions
accurately over relatively short time
periods
Planetary orbits and motions based on
Greek ideologies of perfect form and
motion
Geocentric
Both geocentric and heliocentric
TRUE OR FALSE
1. Ptolemy elaborated theories for each of the planets, as well as for the Sun and Moon.
2. Several of Tycho’s observations contradicted Aristotle’s system: a nova that appeared in 1572.
3. The line between a planet and the earth sweeps out equal areas in equal periods.
4. The planets travel around the Sun in elliptical orbits.
5. The square of a planet's period, T, is directly proportional to the cube of its average distance from the Earth.
1. How does the speed of revolution depend on its distance from the sun?
2. How were tycho brahe's observaions used by kepler to produce his laws of planetary motion?
Chapter 3 Solutions
EBK THE COSMIC PERSPECTIVE
Ch. 3 - Prob. 1VSCCh. 3 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. 3 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. 3 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. 3 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. 3 - Prob. 6VSCCh. 3 - Prob. 7VSCCh. 3 - Prob. 1EAPCh. 3 - Why did ancient peoples study astronomy? Describe...Ch. 3 - Describe the astronomical origins of our day,...
Ch. 3 - What is a lunar calendar? How can it be kept...Ch. 3 - What do we mean by a model in science?Ch. 3 - Summarize the development of the Greek geocentric...Ch. 3 - What was the Copernican revolution, and how did it...Ch. 3 - 8. What is an ellipse? Define its foci, semimajor...Ch. 3 - 9. State and explain the meaning of each of...Ch. 3 - Describe the three hallmarks of science and how we...Ch. 3 - 11. What is the difference between a hypothesis...Ch. 3 - What is the basic idea behind astrology? Explain...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience? Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience? Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience?
Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience?
Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience?
Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience? Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience? Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience?
Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience?
Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience? Each of the following...Ch. 3 - In the Greek geocentric model, the retrograde...Ch. 3 - Which of the following was not a major advantage...Ch. 3 - When we say that a planet has a highly eccentric...Ch. 3 - Earth is closer to the Sun in January than in...Ch. 3 - According to Kepler’s third law, (a) Mercury...Ch. 3 - Tycho Brahe’s contribution to astronomy included...Ch. 3 - Galileo’s contribution to astronomy included (a)...Ch. 3 - Which of the following is not true about...Ch. 3 - Which of the following is not true about a...Ch. 3 - When Einstein’s theory of gravity (general...Ch. 3 - What Makes It Science? Choose a single idea in the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 35EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 36EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 37EAPCh. 3 - Earth’s Shape. It took thousands of years for...Ch. 3 - Prob. 40EAPCh. 3 - Copernican Players. Using a bulleted-list format,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 44EAPCh. 3 - The Metonic Cycle. The length of our calendar year...Ch. 3 - Chinese Calendar. The traditional Chinese lunar...Ch. 3 - Method of Eratosthenes I. You are an astronomer on...Ch. 3 - Method of Eratosthenes II. You are an astronomer...Ch. 3 - Mars Orbit. Find the perihelion and aphelion...Ch. 3 - Eris Orbit. The dwarf planet Eris orbits the Sun...Ch. 3 - New Planet Orbit. A newly discovered planet orbits...Ch. 3 - Halley Orbit. Halley’s Comet orbits the Sun every...
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- A newly discovered planet orbits a distant star with the same mass as the Sun at an average distance of 122 million kilometers. Its orbital eccentricity is 0.5. 1. Find the planet's orbital period. Express your answer in years to three significant figures. 2. Find the planet's nearest and farthest orbital distances from its star. Express your answers in millions of kilometers to three significant figures separated by a comma.arrow_forwardMatch the astronomer to their contribution to ancient Greek astronomy: v Developed the long-standing geocentric model of the universe until it was replaced during the Renaissance A. Aristarchus v One of the first to claim that the Earth may orbit the Sun, but his ideas were rejected by later philosophers B. Aristotle v Developed a technique for measuring the circumference of the Earth long before anyone circumnavigated the globe with ships c. Eratosthenes D. Pythagoras v Used eclipses to confirm the shape of the Earth and that the Moon was closer to the Earth than the Sun despite the fact that they appear to be the same size in the sky E. Ptolemy v Brilliant geometric mind that was one of the first to propose that all of the heavenly bodies were spheres due to their perfect natures F. Hipparchus v Established the apparent magnitude system that we use to measure the brightness of stars and deduced that the direction of Earth's axis of rotation has changed over timearrow_forwardselect the most accurate statementarrow_forward
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