The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions. Concept introduction: Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion. The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place. In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability. The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is . Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion. To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

Question

H2O2(aq) +3 I¯(aq) +2 H+(aq) → 13(aq) +2 H₂O(l)· ••• Experiment [H2 O2]o (M) [I]o (M) [H+]。 (M) Initial rate (M/s) 1 0.15 0.15 0.05 0.00012 234 0.15 0.3 0.05 0.00024 0.3 0.15 0.05 0.00024 0.15 0.15 0.1 0.00048 Calculate the overall order of this reaction using the table data.

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 44PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

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H2O2(aq) +3 I¯(aq) +2 H+(aq) → 13(aq) +2 H₂O(l)· ••• Experiment [H2 O2]o (M) [I]o (M) [H+]。 (M) Initial rate (M/s) 1 0.15 0.15 0.05 0.00012 234 0.15 0.3 0.05 0.00024 0.3 0.15 0.05 0.00024 0.15 0.15 0.1 0.00048 Calculate the overall order of this reaction using the table data.

The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sets limits on healthful levels of air pollutants. The maximum level that the EPA considers safe for lead air pollution is 1.5 μg/m³ Part A If your lungs were filled with air containing this level of lead, how many lead atoms would be in your lungs? (Assume a total lung volume of 5.40 L.) ΜΕ ΑΣΦ = 2.35 1013 ? atoms ! Check your rounding. Your final answer should be rounded to 2 significant figures in the last step. No credit lost. Try again.

Y= - 0.039 (14.01) + 0.7949

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 44PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 44PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

Expert Solution & Answer

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 44PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 5

Chapter 3, Problem 44PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

Answer 6

Chapter 3, Problem 44PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

Answer 7

Chapter 3, Problem 44PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

Answer 14

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

Answer 15

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

Answer 16

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

Answer 17

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

Answer 18

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

Answer 19

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

Answer 20

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

Answer 21

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds should be identified in each of the given anions.

Concept introduction:

Acidic strength in the molecule depends on the stability of the Conjugate anion.

The anion involving in resonance in a molecule will have greater stability when compared to molecules having single anion. In resonance the delocalization of anion would take place.

In a molecule where the anion is carried by a more electronegative atom will show more stability. The greater electronegativity makes anion closer to the nucleus hence more stabilized. If the negative charge located atom is larger enough to hold the negative charge, then anion attains more stability.

The carbanion stability varies with the percentage of ‘s’character in its hybridization state. Since the s-orbital is closer to nucleus than p-orbital, the hybridized orbital having more‘s’ character will have more stability to accommodate anion (due to high nuclear charge). The order is .

Inductive effect in a compound will affect the anionic stability. +I groups in the compound stabilizes the negative charge of anion.

To find: the more acidic compound from each given pair of compounds.

Answer 22

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Answer 23

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Answer 24

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Answer 27

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Answer 33

Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 1LTS Ch. 3.2 - All of the following acid-base reactions are...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 2PTS Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 3ATS Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 2LTS Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 4PTS Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 5ATS Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 6ATS Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 3LTS Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 7PTS

Chapter 3 Solutions