Chemistry Atoms First2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172647
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 43E
How many electrons could be held in the second shell of an atom if the spin quantum number ms could have three values instead of just two? (Hint: Consider the Pauli exclusion principle.)
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Q6: Using acetic acid as the acid, write the balanced chemical equation for the protonation of
the two bases shown (on the -NH2). Include curved arrows to show the mechanism.
O₂N-
O₂N.
-NH2
-NH2
a) Which of the two Bronsted bases above is the stronger base? Why?
b) Identify the conjugate acids and conjugate bases for the reactants.
c) Identify the Lewis acids and bases in the reactions.
Q5: For the two reactions below:
a) Use curved electron-pushing arrows to show the mechanism for the reaction in the
forward direction. Redraw the compounds to explicitly illustrate all bonds that are broken
and all bonds that are formed.
b) Label Bronsted acids and bases in the left side of the reactions.
c) For reaction A, which anionic species is the weakest base? Which neutral compound is
the stronger acid? Is the forward or reverse reaction favored?
d) Label Lewis acids and bases, nucleophiles and electrophiles in the left side of the
reactions.
A.
용
CH3OH
я хон
CH3O
OH
B. HBr
CH3ONa
NaBr
CH3OH
potential energy
Br
b) Translate the Newman projection below to its wedge-and-dash drawing.
F
H.
OH
CH3
CI
c) Isopentane (2-methylbutane) is a compound containing a branched carbon chain. Draw
a Newman projection of six conformations about the C2-C3 bond of isopentane. On the
curve of potential energy versus angle of internal rotation for isopentane, label each
energy maximum and minimum with one of the conformations.
0°
。
F
A
B
D
C
angle of internal rotation
E
F
360° (=0°)
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Chemistry Atoms First2e
Ch. 3 - The light produced by a red neon sign is due to...Ch. 3 - An FM radio station found at 103.1 on the FM dial...Ch. 3 - FM-95, an FM radio station, broadcasts at a...Ch. 3 - A bright violet line occurs at 435.8 nm in the...Ch. 3 - Light with a wavelength of 614.5 nm looks orange....Ch. 3 - Heated lithium atoms emit photons of light with an...Ch. 3 - A photon of light produced by a surgical laser has...Ch. 3 - When rubidium ions are heated to a high...Ch. 3 - The emission spectrum of cesium contains two lines...Ch. 3 - Photons of infrared radiation are responsible for...
Ch. 3 - One of the radiographic devices used in a...Ch. 3 - The eyes of certain reptiles pass a single visual...Ch. 3 - RGB color television and computer displays use...Ch. 3 - Answer the following questions about a Blu-ray...Ch. 3 - What is the threshold frequency for sodium metal...Ch. 3 - Why is the electron in a Bohr hydrogen atom bound...Ch. 3 - What does it mean to say that the energy of the...Ch. 3 - Using the Bohr model, determine the energy, in...Ch. 3 - The electron volt (eV) is a convenient unit of...Ch. 3 - Using the Bohr model, determine the lowest...Ch. 3 - Using the Bohr model, determine the lowest...Ch. 3 - Using the Bohr model, determine the energy of an...Ch. 3 - Using the Bohr model, determine the energy of an...Ch. 3 - How far from the nucleus in angstroms (1 angstrom...Ch. 3 - What is the radius, in angstroms, of the orbital...Ch. 3 - Using the Bohr model, determine the energy in...Ch. 3 - Using the Bohr model, determine the energy in...Ch. 3 - Consider a large number of hydrogen atoms with...Ch. 3 - How are the Bohr model and the Rutherford model of...Ch. 3 - The spectra of hydrogen and of calcium are shown...Ch. 3 - How are the Bohr model and the quantum mechanical...Ch. 3 - What are the allowed values for each of the four...Ch. 3 - Describe the properties of an electron associated...Ch. 3 - Answer the following questions: (a) Without using...Ch. 3 - Identify the subshell in which electrons with the...Ch. 3 - Which of the subshells described in the previous...Ch. 3 - Identify the subshell in which electrons with the...Ch. 3 - Which of the subshells described in the previous...Ch. 3 - Sketch the boundary surface of a dx2y2 and a py...Ch. 3 - Sketch the px and dxz orbitals. Be sure to show...Ch. 3 - Consider the orbitals shown here in outline. (a)...Ch. 3 - State the Heisenberg uncertainty principle....Ch. 3 - How many electrons could be held in the second...Ch. 3 - Which of the following equations describe...Ch. 3 - Write a set of quantum numbers for each of the...Ch. 3 - Read the labels of several commercial products and...Ch. 3 - Read the labels of several commercial products and...Ch. 3 - Using complete subshell notation (not...Ch. 3 - Using complete subshell notation ( 1s22s22p6, and...Ch. 3 - Is 1s22s22p6 the symbol for a macroscopic property...Ch. 3 - What additional information do we need to answer...Ch. 3 - Draw the orbital diagram for the valence shell of...Ch. 3 - Use an orbital diagram to describe the electron...Ch. 3 - Using complete subshell notation ( 1s22s22p6, and...Ch. 3 - Which atom has the electron configuration...Ch. 3 - Which atom has the electron configuration...Ch. 3 - Which ion with a +1 charge has the electron...Ch. 3 - Which of the following atoms contains only three...Ch. 3 - Which of the following has two unpaired electrons?...Ch. 3 - Which atom would be expected to have a half-filled...Ch. 3 - Which atom would be expected to have a half-filled...Ch. 3 - In one area of Australia, the cattle did not...Ch. 3 - Thallium was used as a poison in the Agatha...Ch. 3 - Write the electron configurations for the...Ch. 3 - Cobalt60 and iodine131 are radioactive isotopes...Ch. 3 - Write a set of quantum numbers for each of the...Ch. 3 - Based on their positions in the periodic table,...Ch. 3 - Based on their positions in the periodic table,...Ch. 3 - Based on their positions in the periodic table,...Ch. 3 - Based on their positions in the periodic table,...Ch. 3 - Based on their positions in the periodic table,...Ch. 3 - Based on their positions in the periodic table,...Ch. 3 - Atoms of which group in the periodic table have a...Ch. 3 - Atoms of which group in the periodic table have a...Ch. 3 - Based on their positions in the periodic table,...Ch. 3 - Based on their positions in the periodic table,...Ch. 3 - Based on their positions in the periodic table,...Ch. 3 - List the following ions in order of increasing...Ch. 3 - Which atom and/or ion is (are) isoelectronic with...Ch. 3 - Which of the following atoms and ions is (are)...Ch. 3 - Compare both the numbers of protons and electrons...Ch. 3 - Of the five elements Al, Cl, I, Na, Rb, which has...Ch. 3 - Of the five elements Sn, Si, Sb, O, Te, which has...Ch. 3 - The ionic radii of the ions S2, Cl, and K+ are...Ch. 3 - Which main group atom would be expected to have...Ch. 3 - Explain why Al is a member of group 13 rather than...Ch. 3 - Using the periodic table, classify each of the...Ch. 3 - Using the periodic table, classify each of the...Ch. 3 - Using the periodic table, identify the lightest...Ch. 3 - Using the periodic table, identify the heaviest...Ch. 3 - Use the periodic table to give the name and symbol...Ch. 3 - Use the periodic table to give the name and symbol...Ch. 3 - Write a symbol for each of the following neutral...Ch. 3 - Write a symbol for each of the following neutral...Ch. 3 - Using the periodic table, predict whether the...Ch. 3 - Using the periodic table, predict whether the...Ch. 3 - For each of the following compounds, state whether...Ch. 3 - For each of the following compounds, state whether...Ch. 3 - For each of the following pairs of ions, write the...Ch. 3 - For each of the following pairs of ions, write the...
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