Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133923001
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 3, Problem 3MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Carbohydrates are composed of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon. They all are either small sugar (water soluble) or
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
Ch. 3.1 - define organic molecules and explain why carbon is...Ch. 3.1 - which of these is/are polar molecules? (you may...Ch. 3.1 - explain why functional groups are important in...Ch. 3.1 - name and describe the properties of seven...Ch. 3.2 - define organic molecules and explain why carbon is...Ch. 3.3 - describe the major types of carbohydrates?Ch. 3.3 - A 19-year old 6' 2' male weighing 297 pounds comes...Ch. 3.3 - Describe hydrolysis of this molecule.Ch. 3.3 - provide examples of each type of carbohydrate and...Ch. 3.4 - Infectious prions such as those that cause mad cow...
Ch. 3.4 - describe protein subunits and how proteins are...Ch. 3.4 - Look up the rest of the amino acids and. based on...Ch. 3.4 - explain the four levels of protein structure and...Ch. 3.4 - Why do many proteins, when heated excessively....Ch. 3.4 - list several functions of proteins and provide...Ch. 3.4 - describe the properties of Intrinsically...Ch. 3.5 - Puzzling Proteins All cells use DNA as a blueprint...Ch. 3.5 - describe the general structure of nucleotides?Ch. 3.5 - Why a Perm Is (Temporarily) Permanent?Ch. 3.5 - list three different functions of nucleotides?Ch. 3.5 - explain how nucleic acids are synthesized?Ch. 3.5 - give two examples of nucleic acids and their...Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 1CSRCh. 3.6 - FIGURE 3-22 Synthesis of a triglyceride...Ch. 3.6 - compare and contrast the structure and synthesis...Ch. 3.6 - An obese 55-year-old woman consults her physician...Ch. 3.6 - What kind of reaction breaks this molecule apart?Ch. 3.6 - why are steroid hormones able to diffuse through...Ch. 3.6 - describe the functions of fats, oils, and waxes?Ch. 3.6 - Why are steroid hormones able to diffuse through...Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 3 - Based on their structure, sketch and explain how...Ch. 3 - In organic molecules made of chains of subunits,...Ch. 3 - Polar molecules a. dissolve in lipids. b. are...Ch. 3 - Prob. 1RQCh. 3 - Prob. 2ACCh. 3 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 3 - List the four principal classes of biological...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3ACCh. 3 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 3 - Prob. 3MCCh. 3 - Prob. 3RQCh. 3 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 3 - Which of the following is not composed of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 4RQCh. 3 - Fill in the following with the appropriate type of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 5MCCh. 3 - Prob. 5RQCh. 3 - Describe the synthesis of a protein from amino...Ch. 3 - Where in nature do we find cellulose? Where do we...
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- Which of the following pairs of amino acids stabilizes a fold in a polypeptide chain through ionic interaction at physiological pH? A. cysteine and cysteine B. phenylalanine and valine C. glutamate and lysine D. serine and threoninearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about monosaccharides is true? A. Monosaccharides are classified according to the location of their carbonyl group. B. The penultimate chiral center of a monosaccharide determines its handedness. C. If the carbonyl group of a monosaccharide is terminal then it will react positively with Barfoed's and Seliwanoff's tests. D. The cyclization of monosaccharides results to the formation of a cyclic ether. E. The existence of anomers is due to the mutarotation along the reference carbonarrow_forwardWhat is the chemical difference between cellulose and chitin? Select one: a. Replacement of the hydroxyl group at C5 with an acetylated amino group b. Replacement of the hydroxyl group at C3 with an acetylated amino group c. Replacement of the hydroxyl group at C4 with an acetylated amino group d. Replacement of the hydroxyl group at C2 with an acetylated amino grouparrow_forward
- What type of intermolecular forces exist between the side chains of each of the following pairs of amino acids? a. isoleucine and valine c. Lys and Glu b. threonine and phenylalanine d. Arg and Asparrow_forwardWhich of the following statements concerning fatty acids is correct? a. Used to make phospholipids b. They all contain one or more double bonds. c. They are a constituent of sterols. d. They are strongly hydrophilic.arrow_forwardWhat structural feature makes possible the role of cellulose in biological systems? A. Cellulose polymers are linear molecules that form strong crystalline fibers. B. Cellulose fibers contain amorphous regions that can accommodate a large amount of water C. Cellulose have B-1,4 linkages which cannot be hydrolyzed by animal enzymes. D. Both A and B E. All of these.arrow_forward
- Unlike a phospholipid, cholesterol hasa. a glycerol backbone.b. a polar phosphate group.c. a multiple ring structure.d. unsaturated fatty acid chainsarrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a function of proteins? a. transport molecules b. acting as messengers c. supports the structure d. store genetic information What monomers join to form polypeptides? a. fatty acids b. nucleotides c. amino acids d. monosaccharides Which of the following is NOT a basic component of every amino acid? a. R group b. Amino group c. Carboxyl group d. Hydroxyl group What chemical bond links the amino group of one amino acid to the carboxyl group of the other? a. Ionic bond b. Peptide bond c. Covalent bond d. Hydrogen bondarrow_forwardProteins are the dominant structural and functional molecules in a cell. Which one of the following statements about proteins is NOT correct? A. The native conformation of a protein is usually arrived at very quickly after synthesis. B. Hydrogen bonding is the only type of bonding that gives rise to secondary structure. C. Urea denatures proteins by disrupting the interactions among non-polar (hydrophobic) amino acids D. Most proteins consist of a single polypeptide and thus do not have quaternary structure.arrow_forward
- Which of the following makes carbohydrates unique from the other biological macromolecules? Select one: a. Long-term energy storage is provided by carbohydrates. b. Carbohydrates contain a 1:2:1 ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen. c. Carbohydrates are polymers that always form a ring structure. d. The monomers in carbohydrates are held together by peptide bonds.arrow_forwardmatch each type of molecule with its characteristics: a. starch b. glycogen c. fat d. nucleotide i. stores energy in plants ii. consists of a pentose sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base iii. 3 fatty acids attached to a glycerol iv. a branched polysaccharide in animals select one: a. a-i, b-iii, c-ii, d-iv b. a-i, b-iv, c-iii, d-ii c. a-iii, b-iv, c-iii, d-i d. a-ii, b-iv, c-iii, d-i e. a-iv, b-i, c-ii, d-iiiarrow_forwardWhich of the following lipid types is the least polar? A. Sphingolipids B. Gangliosides C. Glycerophospholipids D. Triacylglycerolsarrow_forward
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