Concept explainers
(a)
Journal:
Journal is the method of recording monetary business transactions in chronological order. It records the debit and credit aspects of each transaction to abide by the double-entry system.
Companies may use various kinds of journals, but every company has most common form of journal that is, the general journal. Journal makes three significant contributions to the recording process. They are as follows:
- Complete effect of a business transaction disclosed in one place.
- Transactions are recorded in chronological order.
- It helps to prevent or locate errors.
Rules of Debit and Credit
Following rules are followed for debiting and crediting different accounts while they occur in business transactions:
Debit, all increase in assets, expenses and dividends, all decrease in liabilities, revenues and stockholders’ equities.
Credit, all increase in liabilities, revenues, and stockholders’ equities, all decrease in assets, expenses.
To indicate: basic type of account, specific account debited and credited, whether it is increased or decreased and normal balance of the specific account for each transaction.
(b)
To journalize: issuance of common stock, equipment (car) purchased in cash, Supplies purchased on account, Service performed on account to customers, paid cash for advertisement, cash received from customer, cash paid to creditors, dividend paid to stockholders.
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Financial Accounting: Tools for Business Decision Making, 8th Edition
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