The electron shell has to be identified for the 2 s electron subshell. Concept Introduction: Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals. Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it. Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on. Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “ s ” subshell has one orbital, “ p ” subshell has three orbital, “ d ” subshell has five orbital and “ f ” subshell has seven orbitals. Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “ s ” orbital is spherical shape, “ p ” orbital has two lobes, “ d ” orbitals have four lobes, and “ f ” orbital has eight lobes. Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 3.67EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 2s electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 4s electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 3d electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 5p electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

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(a 4 shows scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of extruded actions of packing bed for two capillary columns of different diameters, al 750 (bottom image) and b) 30-μm-i.d. Both columns are packed with the same stationary phase, spherical particles with 1-um diameter. A) When the columns were prepared, the figure shows that the column with the larger diameter has more packing irregularities. Explain this observation. B) Predict what affect this should have on band broadening and discuss your prediction using the van Deemter terms. C) Does this figure support your explanations in application question 33? Explain why or why not and make any changes in your answers in light of this figure. Figure 4 SEM images of sections of packed columns for a) 750 and b) 30-um-i.d. capillary columns.³

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 3.67EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 2s electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 4s electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 3d electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 5p electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 3.67EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 2s electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 4s electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 3d electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 5p electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 3.67EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 2s electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 4s electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 3d electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 5p electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

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Answer 5

Chapter 3, Problem 3.67EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 2s electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 4s electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 3d electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 5p electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

Answer 6

Chapter 3, Problem 3.67EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 2s electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

Answer 7

Chapter 3, Problem 3.67EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 2s electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 4s electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 4s electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 3d electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 3d electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 5p electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron shell has to be identified for the 5p electron subshell.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom. These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus. Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on. The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases. Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy. The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number. Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell. The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number. If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell. If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found. An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations. “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape. This does not depend upon the shell number. “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital. Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction. In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin. If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital. For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

Answer 14

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 15

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 3.1 - Which of the following statements concerning the...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 3.1 - How many electrons are required to equal the mass...Ch. 3.1 - Which of the following statements concerning an...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 5QQ Ch. 3.2 - The atomic number for an atom containing 10...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 3.2 - How many electrons are present in an atom of...Ch. 3.2 - The identity of an atom is determined by the...Ch. 3.2 - Which of the following statements is correct for...

Solution Summary: The author explains that the electron shell has to be identified for the 2s electron subshell.

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