(a)
Interpretation:
The group number of the given electron-dot symbol should be stated.
Concept Introduction:
In an electron-dot symbol, dots are used to represent valence electrons around the elemental symbol.
When drawing or understanding an electron-dot symbol of an element, one should consider below facts;
- Each dot represents 1 electron.
- The dots are placed on the four sides of the elemental symbol.
- For 1 to 4 valence electrons, single dots are used.
- For more than 4 electrons, the dots are paired.
Valence electrons are the most loosely bound electrons of an element. They are in the outermost shell, which is also called "valence shell". Chemical properties of an element and its place in the periodic table depend on the number of valence electrons of that element.
For main group elements, the group number is also the number of valence electrons of the element.
(b)
Interpretation:
The charge of the ion formed by the given element should be determined.
Concept Introduction:
An atom of a main group element loses or gains electrons to obtain the electronic configuration of the noble gas closest to it in the periodic table to form ions.
Cations are formed by losing electrons, thus they have fewer electrons than protons and are positively charged.
Anions are formed by gaining electrons, thus they have more electrons than protons and are negatively charged.
For example, Sodium (Na) atom has 11 electrons (
(c)
Interpretation:
The formula of an ionic compound formed from Q and fluorine should be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Ionic compounds are composed of cations and anions, which are tightly attracted to each other.
The sum of the charges in an ionic compound must always be zero.
The formula for an ionic compound shows the ratio of ions that combine to give zero charge.
When cations and anions have different charges, the number of cations and anions differ so that the overall charge of the ionic compound be zero.
As an example, see the formulae of NaCl and MgCl2.
(d)
Interpretation:
The formula of an ionic compound formed from Q and oxygen should be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Ionic compounds are composed of cations and anions, which are tightly attracted to each other.
The sum of the charges in an ionic compound must always be zero.
The formula for an ionic compound shows the ratio of ions that combine to give zero charge.
When cations and anions have different charges, the number of cations and anions differ so that the overall charge of the ionic compound be zero.
As an example, see the formulae of NaCl and MgCl2.

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Chapter 3 Solutions
ALEKS 360 ACCESS CARD F/GEN. ORG.CHEM
- H-Br Energy 1) Draw the step-by-step mechanism by which 3-methylbut-1-ene is converted into 2-bromo-2-methylbutane. 2) Sketch a reaction coordinate diagram that shows how the internal energy (Y- axis) of the reacting species change from reactants to intermediate(s) to product. Brarrow_forward2. Draw the missing structure(s) in each of the following reactions. The missing structure(s) can be a starting material or the major reaction product(s). C5H10 H-CI CH2Cl2 CIarrow_forwardDraw the products of the stronger acid protonating the other reactant. དའི་སྐད”“ H3C OH H3C CH CH3 KEq Product acid Product basearrow_forward
- Draw the products of the stronger acid protonating the other reactant. H3C NH2 NH2 KEq H3C-CH₂ 1. Product acid Product basearrow_forwardWhat alkene or alkyne yields the following products after oxidative cleavage with ozone? Click the "draw structure" button to launch the drawing utility. draw structure ... andarrow_forwardDraw the products of the stronger acid protonating the other reactant. H3C-C=C-4 NH2 KEq CH H3C `CH3 Product acid Product basearrow_forward
- 2. Draw the missing structure(s) in each of the following reactions. The missing structure(s) can be a starting material or the major reaction product(s). C5H10 Br H-Br CH2Cl2 + enant.arrow_forwardDraw the products of the stronger acid protonating the other reactant. KEq H₂C-O-H H3C OH Product acid Product basearrow_forwardDraw the products of the stronger acid protonating the other reactant. OH KEq CH H3C H3C `CH3 Product acid Product basearrow_forward
- 2. Draw the missing structure(s) in each of the following reactions. The missing structure(s) can be a starting material or the major reaction product(s). Ph H-I CH2Cl2arrow_forward3 attempts left Check my work Draw the products formed in the following oxidative cleavage. [1] 03 [2] H₂O draw structure ... lower mass product draw structure ... higher mass productarrow_forward2. Draw the missing structure(s) in each of the following reactions. The missing structure(s) can be a starting material or the major reaction product(s). H-Br CH2Cl2arrow_forward
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