Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305960060
Author: Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. Hansen
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 3, Problem 3.36E
Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The given element is to be classified as representative, transition, inner transition or noble gases.

Concept introduction:

The elements in a modern periodic table are arranged in an increasing order of their atomic number. In the modern periodic table, the horizontal rows are known as periods and vertical columns are known as groups. There are seven periods and eighteen groups in modern periodic table.

Expert Solution
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Answer to Problem 3.36E

The given element iron is classified as a transition element.

Explanation of Solution

The last electron to be filled in the valence shell of an atom is the distinguishing electron.

The elements in which the last electron is filled in s or p subshell are known as representative elements. The elements in which the last electron is filled in d subshell are known as transition elements and in which the last electron is filled in f subshell are known as inner transition elements. The elements in which subshells are completely filled are noble gases.

The given element iron has atomic number 26. The electronic configuration of iron is 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d6. The last electron is filled in the d-subshell. Therefore, iron is a transition element.

Conclusion

The given element iron is classified as a transition element.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The given element is to be classified as representative, transition, inner transition or noble gases.

Concept introduction:

The elements in a modern periodic table are arranged in an increasing order of their atomic number. In the modern periodic table, the horizontal rows are known as periods and vertical columns are known as groups. There are seven periods and eighteen groups in modern periodic table.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 3.36E

The given element-15 is a representative element.

Explanation of Solution

The last electron to be filled in the valence shell of an atom is the distinguishing electron.

The elements in which the last electron is filled in s or p subshell are known as representative elements. The elements in which the last electron is filled in d subshell are known as transition elements and in which the last electron is filled in f subshell are known as inner transition elements. The elements in which subshells are completely filled are noble gases.

The given element has atomic number 15, it is phosphorus. The electronic configuration of phosphorus is 1s22s22p63s23p3. The last electron is filled in the p-subshell. Therefore, element-15 is a representative element.

Conclusion

The given element-15 is a representative element.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The given element is to be classified as representative, transition, inner transition or noble gases.

Concept introduction:

The elements in a modern periodic table are arranged in an increasing order of their atomic number. In the modern periodic table, the horizontal rows are known as periods and vertical columns are known as groups. There are seven periods and eighteen groups in modern periodic table.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 3.36E

The given element U is an inner transition element.

Explanation of Solution

The last electron to be filled in the valence shell of an atom is the distinguishing electron.

The elements in which the last electron is filled in s or p subshell are known as representative elements. The elements in which the last electron is filled in d subshell are known as transition elements and in which the last electron is filled in f subshell are known as inner transition elements. The elements in which subshells are completely filled are noble gases.

The given element U has atomic number 92. The electronic configuration of uranium is 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p66s24f145d106p67s25f36d1. The last electron is filled in the f-subshell. Therefore, U is classified as an inner transition element.

Conclusion

The given element U is an inner transition element.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The given element is to be classified as representative, transition, inner transition or noble gases.

Concept introduction:

The elements in a modern periodic table are arranged in an increasing order of their atomic number. In the modern periodic table, the horizontal rows are known as periods and vertical columns are known as groups. There are seven periods and eighteen groups in modern periodic table.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 3.36E

The given element xenon is classified as noble gas.

Explanation of Solution

The last electron to be filled in the valence shell of an atom is the distinguishing electron.

The elements in which the last electron is filled in s or p subshell are known as representative elements. The elements in which the last electron is filled in d subshell are known as transition elements and in which the last electron is filled in f subshell are known as inner transition elements. The elements in which subshells are completely filled are noble gases.

The given element xenon has atomic number 54. The electronic configuration of xenon is 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p6. It has completely filled subshells and thus, xenon is classified as noble gas.

Conclusion

The given element xenon is classified as noble gas.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The given element is to be classified as representative, transition, inner transition or noble gases.

Concept introduction:

The elements in a modern periodic table are arranged in an increasing order of their atomic number. In the modern periodic table, the horizontal rows are known as periods and vertical columns are known as groups. There are seven periods and eighteen groups in modern periodic table.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 3.36E

The given element tin is a representative element.

Explanation of Solution

The last electron to be filled in the valence shell of an atom is the distinguishing electron.

The elements in which the last electron is filled in s or p subshell are known as representative elements. The elements in which the last electron is filled in d subshell are known as transition elements and in which the last electron is filled in f subshell are known as inner transition elements. The elements in which subshells are completely filled are noble gases.

The given element tin has atomic number 50. The electronic configuration of tin is 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s24d105p2. The last electron is filled in the p-subshell. Therefore, tin is a representative element.

Conclusion

The given element tin is a representative element.

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Chapter 3 Solutions

Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry

Ch. 3 - What is the maximum number of electrons that can...Ch. 3 - What is the maximum number of electrons that can...Ch. 3 - How many orbitals are found in the fourth shell?...Ch. 3 - How many orbitals are found in the second shell?...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.15ECh. 3 - How many orbitals are found in a 4f subshell? What...Ch. 3 - Identify the subshells found in the fourth shell;...Ch. 3 - Look at the periodic table and tell how many...Ch. 3 - Look at the periodic table and tell how many...Ch. 3 - What period 6 element has chemical properties most...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.21ECh. 3 - Prob. 3.22ECh. 3 - Prob. 3.23ECh. 3 - Write an electronic configuration for each of the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.25ECh. 3 - Write electronic configuration and answer the...Ch. 3 - Write electronic configuration and answer the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.28ECh. 3 - Prob. 3.29ECh. 3 - Prob. 3.30ECh. 3 - Prob. 3.31ECh. 3 - Prob. 3.32ECh. 3 - Prob. 3.33ECh. 3 - Classify each of the following elements into the...Ch. 3 - Classify each of the following elements into the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.36ECh. 3 - Prob. 3.37ECh. 3 - Classify the following as metals, nonmetals, or...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.39ECh. 3 - Prob. 3.40ECh. 3 - Prob. 3.41ECh. 3 - Use trends within the periodic table and indicate...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.43ECh. 3 - Use trends within the periodic table and indicate...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.45ECh. 3 - How would you expect the chemical properties of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.47ECh. 3 - What would be the mass in mg of 3.01020atoms that...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.49ECh. 3 - A 10.02-g sample of an element contains 0.250mol...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.51ECh. 3 - Prob. 3.52ECh. 3 - Prob. 3.53ECh. 3 - Calcium metal reacts with cold water as follows:...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.55ECh. 3 - Prob. 3.56ECh. 3 - The arrangement of the modern periodic table is...Ch. 3 - The horizontal rows of the periodic table are...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.59ECh. 3 - Which two elements have chemical properties that...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.61ECh. 3 - Prob. 3.62ECh. 3 - What does the number 36 represent on the periodic...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.64ECh. 3 - Prob. 3.65ECh. 3 - Prob. 3.66ECh. 3 - From the periodic table, which of K and Br is...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.68ECh. 3 - Prob. 3.69ECh. 3 - Which of the following has the largest first...Ch. 3 - Which elements conduct electricity? a. metals b....Ch. 3 - What term describes the electrons in the outermost...Ch. 3 - If the electron configuration of an element is...Ch. 3 - Identify the two atoms with the same number of...Ch. 3 - The number of unpaired electrons in the outer...Ch. 3 - How many valence electrons are needed to complete...Ch. 3 - An atom that has five 3p electrons in its ground...
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