Chemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781133611097
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 3, Problem 20ALQ
In chemistry, what is meant by the term “mole”? What is the importance of the mole concept?
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Chemistry
Ch. 3 - Prob. 1RQCh. 3 - Atomic masses are relative masses. What does this...Ch. 3 - The atomic mass of boron (B) is given in the...Ch. 3 - What three conversion factors and in what order...Ch. 3 - Fig. 5-5 illustrates a schematic diagram of a...Ch. 3 - What is the difference between the empirical and...Ch. 3 - Consider the hypothetical reaction between A2 and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 8RQCh. 3 - Consider the following mixture of SO2(g) and...Ch. 3 - Why is the actual yield of a reaction often less...
Ch. 3 - The following are actual student responses to the...Ch. 3 - What information do we get from a chemical...Ch. 3 - You are making cookies and are missing a key...Ch. 3 - Nitrogen gas (N2) and hydrogen gas (H2) react to...Ch. 3 - For the preceding question, which of the following...Ch. 3 - You know that chemical A reacts with chemical B....Ch. 3 - Prob. 7ALQCh. 3 - Consider an iron bar on a balance as shown. As the...Ch. 3 - You may have noticed that water sometimes drips...Ch. 3 - Prob. 10ALQCh. 3 - What is true about the chemical properties of the...Ch. 3 - Is there a difference between a homogeneous...Ch. 3 - Chlorine exists mainly as two isotopes, 37Cl and...Ch. 3 - The average mass of a carbon atom is 12.011....Ch. 3 - Can the subscripts in a chemical formula be...Ch. 3 - Consider the equation 2A + B . A2B. If you mix 1.0...Ch. 3 - According to the law of conservation of mass, mass...Ch. 3 - Which of the following pairs of compounds have the...Ch. 3 - Atoms of three different elements are represented...Ch. 3 - In chemistry, what is meant by the term mole? What...Ch. 3 - Which (if any) of the following is (are) true...Ch. 3 - Consider the equation 3A + B C + D. You react 4...Ch. 3 - Reference Section 3.2 to find the atomic masses of...Ch. 3 - Avogadros number, molar mass, and the chemical...Ch. 3 - If you had a mole of U.S. dollar bills and equally...Ch. 3 - Prob. 26QCh. 3 - Which of the following compounds have the same...Ch. 3 - What is the difference between the molar mass and...Ch. 3 - How is the mass percent of elements in a compound...Ch. 3 - A balanced chemical equation contains a large...Ch. 3 - Prob. 31QCh. 3 - Hydrogen gas and oxygen gas react to form water,...Ch. 3 - What is the theoretical yield for a reaction, and...Ch. 3 - What does it mean to say a reactant is present in...Ch. 3 - Consider the following generic reaction: A2B2 + 2C...Ch. 3 - Consider the following generic reaction:...Ch. 3 - An element consists of 1.40% of an isotope with...Ch. 3 - An element X bas five major isotopes, which are...Ch. 3 - The element rhenium (Re) bas two naturally...Ch. 3 - Assume silicon has three major isotopes in nature...Ch. 3 - The element europium exists in nature as two...Ch. 3 - The element silver (Ag) has two naturally...Ch. 3 - The mass spectrum of bromine (Br2) consists of...Ch. 3 - The stable isotopes of iron arc 54Fe, 56Fe, 57Fe,...Ch. 3 - Calculate the mass of 500. atoms of iron (Fe).Ch. 3 - What number of Fe atoms and what amount (moles) of...Ch. 3 - Diamond is a natural form of pure carbon. What...Ch. 3 - A diamond contains 5.0 1021 atoms of carbon. What...Ch. 3 - Aluminum metal is produced by passing an electric...Ch. 3 - The Freons are a class of compounds containing...Ch. 3 - Calculate the molar mass of the following...Ch. 3 - Calculate the molar mass of the following...Ch. 3 - What amount (moles) of compound is present in 1.00...Ch. 3 - What amount (moles) of compound is present in 1.00...Ch. 3 - What mass of compound is present in 5.00 moles of...Ch. 3 - What mass of compound is present in 5.00 moles of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 57ECh. 3 - Prob. 58ECh. 3 - What number of molecules (or formula units) are...Ch. 3 - What number of molecules (or formula units) are...Ch. 3 - What number of atoms of nitrogen are present in...Ch. 3 - Prob. 62ECh. 3 - Freon- 12 (CCI2F2) is used as a refrigerant in air...Ch. 3 - Bauxite, the principal ore used in the production...Ch. 3 - What amount (moles) is represented by each of...Ch. 3 - What amount (moles) is represented by each of...Ch. 3 - What number of atoms of nitrogen are present in...Ch. 3 - Complete the following table.Ch. 3 - Ascorbic acid, or vitamin C (C6H8O6), is an...Ch. 3 - The molecular formula of acetylsalicylic acid...Ch. 3 - Chloral hydrate (C2H3Cl3O2) is a drug formerly...Ch. 3 - Dimethylnitrosamine, (CH3)2N2O , is a carcinogenic...Ch. 3 - Calculate the percent composition by mass of the...Ch. 3 - In 1987 the first substance to act as a...Ch. 3 - The percent by mass of nitrogen for a compound is...Ch. 3 - Arrange the following substances in order of...Ch. 3 - Fungal laccase, a blue protein found in...Ch. 3 - Hemoglobin is the protein that transports oxygen...Ch. 3 - Express the composition of each of the following...Ch. 3 - Considering your answer to Exercise 79, which type...Ch. 3 - Give the empirical formula for each of the...Ch. 3 - Determine the molecular formulas to which the...Ch. 3 - A compound that contains only carbon, hydrogen,...Ch. 3 - The most common form of nylon (nylon-6) is 63.68%...Ch. 3 - There are two binary compounds of mercury and...Ch. 3 - A sample of urea contains 1.121 g N, 0.161 g H,...Ch. 3 - A compound containing only sulfur and nitrogen is...Ch. 3 - Determine the molecular formula of a compound that...Ch. 3 - A compound contains 47.08% carbon, 6.59% hydrogen,...Ch. 3 - Maleic acid is an organic compound composed of...Ch. 3 - One of the components that make up common table...Ch. 3 - A compound contains only C, H, and N. Combustion...Ch. 3 - Cumene is a compound containing only carbon and...Ch. 3 - A compound contains only carbon, hydrogen, and...Ch. 3 - Give the balanced equation for each of the...Ch. 3 - Give the balanced equation for each of the...Ch. 3 - A common demonstration in chemistry courses...Ch. 3 - Iron oxide ores, commonly a mixture of FeO and...Ch. 3 - Balance the following equations: a. Ca(OH)2(aq) +...Ch. 3 - Balance each of the following chemical equations....Ch. 3 - Balance the following equations representing...Ch. 3 - Balance the following equations: a. Cr(s) + S8(s) ...Ch. 3 - Silicon is produced for the chemical and...Ch. 3 - Glass is a mixture of several compounds, but a...Ch. 3 - Over the years, the thermite reaction has been...Ch. 3 - The reaction between potassium chlorate and red...Ch. 3 - The reusable booster rockets of the U.S. space...Ch. 3 - One of relatively few reactions that takes place...Ch. 3 - Elixirs such as Atka-Seltzer use the reaction of...Ch. 3 - Aspirin (C9H8O4) is synthesized by reacting...Ch. 3 - Bacterial digestion is an economical method of...Ch. 3 - Phosphorus can be prepared from calcium phosphate...Ch. 3 - Coke is an impure form of carbon that is often...Ch. 3 - The space shuttle environmental control system...Ch. 3 - Consider the reaction between NO(g) and O2(g)...Ch. 3 - Consider the following reaction:...Ch. 3 - Ammonia is produced from the reaction of nitrogen...Ch. 3 - Consider the following unbalanced equation:...Ch. 3 - Hydrogen peroxide is used as a cleansing agent in...Ch. 3 - Silver sulfadiazine bum-treating cream creates a...Ch. 3 - Hydrogen cyanide is produced industrially from the...Ch. 3 - Acrylonitrile C3H3N) is the starting material for...Ch. 3 - The reaction of ethane gas (C2H6) with chlorine...Ch. 3 - DDT, an insecticide harmful to fish, birds, and...Ch. 3 - Bornite (Cu3FeS3) is a copper ore used in the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 126ECh. 3 - In using a mass spectrometer, a chemist sees a...Ch. 3 - Boron consists of two isotopes, 10B and 11B....Ch. 3 - A given sample of a xenon fluoride compound...Ch. 3 - Aspartame is an artificial sweetener that is 160...Ch. 3 - Anabolic steroids are performance enhancement...Ch. 3 - Many cereals are made with high moisture content...Ch. 3 - The compound adrenaline contains 56.79% C, 6.56%...Ch. 3 - Adipic acid is an organic compound composed of...Ch. 3 - Vitamin B12, cyanocobalamin, is essential for...Ch. 3 - Some bismuth tablets, a medication used to treat...Ch. 3 - The empirical formula of styrene is CH; the molar...Ch. 3 - Terephthalic acid is an important chemical used in...Ch. 3 - A sample of a hydrocarbon (a compound consisting...Ch. 3 - A binary compound between an unknown element E and...Ch. 3 - A 0.755-g sample of hydrated copper(II) sulfate...Ch. 3 - ABS plastic is a tough, hard plastic used in...Ch. 3 - A sample of LSD (D-lysergic acid diethylamide,...Ch. 3 - Methane (CH4) is the main component of marsh gas....Ch. 3 - A potential fuel for rockets is a combination of...Ch. 3 - A 0.4230-g sample of impure sodium nitrate was...Ch. 3 - Prob. 147AECh. 3 - Commercial brass, an alloy of Zn and Cu, reacts...Ch. 3 - Vitamin A has a molar mass of 286.4 g/mol and a...Ch. 3 - You have seven closed containers, each with equal...Ch. 3 - A substance X2Z has the composition (by mass) of...Ch. 3 - Consider samples of phosphine (PH3), water (H2O),...Ch. 3 - Calculate the number of moles for each compound in...Ch. 3 - Arrange the following substances in order of...Ch. 3 - Para-cresol, a substance used as a disinfectant...Ch. 3 - A compound with molar mass 180.1 g/mol has the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 157CWPCh. 3 - Consider the following unbalanced chemical...Ch. 3 - Sulfur dioxide gas reacts with sodium hydroxide to...Ch. 3 - Gallium arsenide, GaAs, has gained widespread use...Ch. 3 - Consider the following data for three binary...Ch. 3 - Natural rubidium has the average mass of 85.4678 u...Ch. 3 - A compound contains only carbon, hydrogen,...Ch. 3 - Nitric acid is produced commercially by the...Ch. 3 - When the supply of oxygen is limited, iron metal...Ch. 3 - A 9.780-g gaseous mixture contains ethane (C2H6)...Ch. 3 - Zinc and magnesium metal each reacts with...Ch. 3 - A gas contains a mixture of NH3(g) and N2H4(g),...Ch. 3 - Consider a gaseous binary compound with a molar...Ch. 3 - A 2.25-g sample of scandium metal is reacted with...Ch. 3 - Prob. 171CPCh. 3 - The aspirin substitute, acetaminophen (C8H9O2N),...Ch. 3 - An element X forms both a dichloride (XCl2) and a...Ch. 3 - When M2S3(s) is heated in air, it is converted to...Ch. 3 - When aluminum metal is heated with an element from...Ch. 3 - Consider a mixture of potassium chloride and...Ch. 3 - Ammonia reacts with O2 to form either NO(g) or...Ch. 3 - You take 1.00 g of an aspirin tablet (a compound...Ch. 3 - With the advent of techniques such as scanning...Ch. 3 - Tetrodotoxin is a toxic chemical found in fugu...Ch. 3 - An iortic compound MX3 is prepared according to...Ch. 3 - The compound As2I4 is synthesized by reaction of...Ch. 3 - A 2.077-g sample of an element, which has an...Ch. 3 - Consider the following balanced chemical equation:...
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- Atomic masses are relative masses. What does this mean?arrow_forward1. Which of the following hydrocarbons has the highest mass percentage of carbon? methane, CH4 ethane, C2H6 propane, C3H8 butane, C4H10arrow_forwardIs there a difference between a homogeneous mixture of hydrogen and oxygen in a 2:1 mole ratio and a sample of water vapor? Explain.arrow_forward
- You have a pure sample of apholate, C12H24N9P3, a highly effective commercial insecticide. Calculate the molar mass of apholate. Calculate the mass of N in 100. g apholate. A sample containing 250.0 mg apholate is sprayed on an agricultural field. Calculate the mass of phosphorus in this sample of apholate; express your result in grams. Calculate the number of phosphorus atoms in this sample of apholate.arrow_forwarderhaps the most important concept in introductory chemistry concerns what a mole of a substance represents. The mole concept will come up again and again in later chapters in this book. What does one mole of a substance represent on a microscopic, atomic basis? What does one mole of a substance represent on a macroscopic, mass basis? Why have chemists defined the mole in this manner?arrow_forwardConsider the chemical reaction 2 S + 3 O2 → 2 SO3. If the reaction is run by adding S indefinitely to a fixed amount of O2, which of these graphs best represents the formation of SO3? Explain your choice.arrow_forward
- A substance X2Z has the composition (by mass) of 40.0% X and 60.0% Z. What is the composition (by mass) of the compound XZ2?arrow_forwardA compound associated with the odor of garlic on a persons breath has the chemical formula CyH8S and a formula mass of 88.19 amu. What number does y stand for in the chemical formula of the compound?arrow_forward3.55 An average person inhales roughly 2.5 g of O2 in a minute. How many molecules of oxygen are inhaled in (a) 1 minute, (b) 1 hour, (c) 1 day by an average person?arrow_forward
- Arrange the following substances in order of increasing mass percent of nitrogen. a. NO b. N2O c. NH3 d. SNHarrow_forwardWhat does it mean to say an equation is balanced? Why is it important for an equation to be balanced?arrow_forwardMany cereals are made with high moisture content so that the cereal can be formed into various shapes before it is dried. A cereal product containing 58% H2O by mass is produced at the rate of 1000. kg/h. What mass of water must be evaporated per hour if the final product contains only 20.% water?arrow_forward
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