Chapter 3, Problem 1E

Refer to the color scheme given Figure 3-3, and give the molecular formulas for molecules whose ball-and-stick models are given here.

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The molecular formula for the given ball and stick model of the molecule needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The ball and stick model of a chemical substance is defined as a molecular model that displays the 3-D position of the atoms and bonds present between them. In the ball and stick model, the atoms are represented as balls or sphere where different atoms are shown by different colors and bonds are represented by sticks drawn between the atoms. The double and triple bonds are shown by drawing 2 and 3 sticks (curved rod) respectively between the atoms.

Answer to Problem 1E

${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}$

Explanation of Solution

The given structure is as follows:

According to the color scheme given in figure 3.3 in the book, oxygen atom is represented by red sphere and hydrogen atom by white sphere. Thus, there are 2 oxygen atoms bonded together with single bond and 1 hydrogen atom each.

The molecular formula of the molecule will be ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The molecular formula for the given ball and stick model of the molecule needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The ball and stick model of a chemical substance is defined as a molecular model that displays the 3-D position of the atoms and bonds present between them. In the ball and stick model, the atoms are represented as balls or sphere where different atoms are shown by different colors and bonds are represented by sticks drawn between the atoms. The double and triple bonds are shown by drawing 2 and 3 sticks (curved rod) respectively between the atoms.

Answer to Problem 1E

${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{Cl}$

Explanation of Solution

The given structure is as follows:

According to the color scheme given in figure 3.3 in the book, carbon atom is represented by black sphere, hydrogen atom by white sphere and chlorine atom by dark green sphere. Thus, there are 2 carbon atoms bonded together. One carbon atom is bonded with 3 hydrogen atoms and other with 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 chlorine atom.

The molecular formula of the molecule will be ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}\text{Cl}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The molecular formula for the given ball and stick model of the molecule needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The ball and stick model of a chemical substance is defined as a molecular model that displays the 3-D position of the atoms and bonds present between them. In the ball and stick model, the atoms are represented as balls or sphere where different atoms are shown by different colors and bonds are represented by sticks drawn between the atoms. The double and triple bonds are shown by drawing 2 and 3 sticks (curved rod) respectively between the atoms.

Answer to Problem 1E

${\text{P}}_4{\text{O}}_{10}$

Explanation of Solution

The given structure is as follows:

According to the color scheme given in figure 3.3 in the book, phosphorus atom is represented by dark blue sphere and oxygen atom with red sphere. Thus, there are 4 phosphorus atoms and 10 oxygen atoms. The molecular formula of the molecule will be ${\text{P}}_4{\text{O}}_{10}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The molecular formula for the given ball and stick model of the molecule needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The ball and stick model of a chemical substance is defined as a molecular model that displays the 3-D position of the atoms and bonds present between them. In the ball and stick model, the atoms are represented as balls or sphere where different atoms are shown by different colors and bonds are represented by sticks drawn between the atoms. The double and triple bonds are shown by drawing 2 and 3 sticks (curved rod) respectively between the atoms.

Answer to Problem 1E

${\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_2\text{CHOH}$

Explanation of Solution

The given structure is as follows:

According to the color scheme given in figure 3.3 in the book, carbon atom is represented by black sphere, hydrogen atom by white sphere and oxygen atom by red sphere. Thus, there are 3 carbon atoms. The 2 carbon atoms are attached with 3 hydrogen atoms each and 1 carbon atom is attached with 2 hydrogen atoms and 1oxygen atom. The molecular formula of the molecule will be ${\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_2\text{CHOH}$.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The molecular formula for the given ball and stick model of the molecule needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The ball and stick model of a chemical substance is defined as a molecular model that displays the 3-D position of the atoms and bonds present between them. In the ball and stick model, the atoms are represented as balls or sphere where different atoms are shown by different colors and bonds are represented by sticks drawn between the atoms. The double and triple bonds are shown by drawing 2 and 3 sticks (curved rod) respectively between the atoms.

Answer to Problem 1E

$\text{HOCHO}$

Explanation of Solution

The given molecule is as follows:

According to the color scheme given in figure 3.3 in the book, carbon atom is represented by black sphere, hydrogen atom by white sphere and oxygen atom by red sphere. The 2 curved rods between 1 carbon and 1 oxygen atom represents the double bond. Thus, there is 1 carbon atom bonded with 1 oxygen atom via double bond, 1 hydrogen atom via single bonds and 1 oxygen atom via single bond which is further attached with another hydrogen atom. The molecular formula of the molecule will be $\text{HOCHO}$.