
Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780136042594
Author: Stuart Russell, Peter Norvig
Publisher: Prentice Hall
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 1E
Explain why problem formulation must follow goal formulation.
Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution
Goal formulation and problem formulation:
- Goal formulation:
- This is a technique for an agent to conclude which goals need to be achieved.
- The most complicated task during goal formulation is to develop representations for agents to reason about and find out when the new goals need to be formulated due to plan failures or opportunities.
- Problem formulation:
- In this technique, the problem is precisely defined and the definition should also comprise of precise specification of the initial situation as well the final situation with acceptable solutions to the problem.
- The major step is to select the best problem-solving technique and apply it to the particular problem.
- When it comes to goal formulation, user gets to decide which aspects of the world we are interested in, and which can be ignored or abstracted away.
- In problem formulation, it is decided how to manipulate the important aspects.
- If the problem formulation is performed before goal formation then it is not possible to know what to include and what to exclude.
- There may be a cycle of iterations between goal formulation, problem formulation, and problem solving until one arrives at a sufficiently useful and efficient solution.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!
schedule03:09
Students have asked these similar questions
I need to resolve the following....You are trying to convince your boss that your company needs to invest in a license for MS-Project (project management software from Microsoft) before beginning a systems project. What arguments would you give her?
What are the four types of feasibility? what is the issues addressed by each feasibility component.
I would like to get ab example of a situation where Agile Methods might be preferable versus the traditional SDLC? What are the characteristics of this situation that give Agile Methods an advantage?
Chapter 3 Solutions
Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach
Ch. 3 - Explain why problem formulation must follow goal...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2ECh. 3 - Prob. 3ECh. 3 - Prob. 4ECh. 3 - Prob. 5ECh. 3 - Prob. 6ECh. 3 - Prob. 8ECh. 3 - Prob. 9ECh. 3 - Prob. 10ECh. 3 - Prob. 11E
Ch. 3 - Prob. 12ECh. 3 - Prob. 13ECh. 3 - Prob. 14ECh. 3 - Prob. 15ECh. 3 - Prob. 16ECh. 3 - Prob. 17ECh. 3 - Prob. 18ECh. 3 - Prob. 20ECh. 3 - Prob. 21ECh. 3 - Prob. 22ECh. 3 - Trace the operation of A search applied to the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 24ECh. 3 - Prob. 25ECh. 3 - Prob. 26ECh. 3 - Prob. 27ECh. 3 - Prob. 28ECh. 3 - Prob. 29ECh. 3 - Prob. 31ECh. 3 - Prob. 32E
Additional Engineering Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
Assume the following declaration exists in a program: String name = James; Write a statement that uses System.o...
Starting Out with Java: From Control Structures through Data Structures (4th Edition) (What's New in Computer Science)
What sequence of events do you think would be required to move the contents of one memory cell in a computer to...
Computer Science: An Overview (13th Edition) (What's New in Computer Science)
Look at the following declaration: String cafeName = Broadway Cafe; String str; Which of the following methods ...
Starting Out with Java: From Control Structures through Objects (7th Edition) (What's New in Computer Science)
Design nested decision structures that perform the following: If amount1 is greater than 10 and amount2 is less...
Starting Out with Programming Logic and Design (5th Edition) (What's New in Computer Science)
1. Read the problem statement. 2. Formulate the algorithm using pseudocode and top-down, stepwise refinement. 3...
Java How to Program, Early Objects (11th Edition) (Deitel: How to Program)
1.2 Explain the difference between geodetic and plane
surveys,
Elementary Surveying: An Introduction To Geomatics (15th Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- What is a functional decomposition diagram? what is a good example of a high level task being broken down into tasks in at least two lower levels (three levels in all).arrow_forwardWhat are the advantages to using a Sytems Analysis and Design model like the SDLC vs. other approaches?arrow_forward3. Problem Description: Define the Circle2D class that contains: Two double data fields named x and y that specify the center of the circle with get methods. • A data field radius with a get method. • A no-arg constructor that creates a default circle with (0, 0) for (x, y) and 1 for radius. • A constructor that creates a circle with the specified x, y, and radius. • A method getArea() that returns the area of the circle. • A method getPerimeter() that returns the perimeter of the circle. • • • A method contains(double x, double y) that returns true if the specified point (x, y) is inside this circle. See Figure (a). A method contains(Circle2D circle) that returns true if the specified circle is inside this circle. See Figure (b). A method overlaps (Circle2D circle) that returns true if the specified circle overlaps with this circle. See the figure below. р O со (a) (b) (c)< Figure (a) A point is inside the circle. (b) A circle is inside another circle. (c) A circle overlaps another…arrow_forward
- 1. Explain in detail with examples each of the following fundamental security design principles: economy of mechanism, fail-safe default, complete mediation, open design, separation of privilege, least privilege, least common mechanism, psychological acceptability, isolation, encapsulation, modularity, layering, and least astonishment.arrow_forwardSecurity in general means the protection of an asset. In the context of computer and network security, explore and explain what assets must be protected within an online university. What the threats are to the security of these assets, and what countermeasures are available to mitigate and protect the organization from such threats. For each of the assets you identify, assign an impact level (low, moderate, or high) for the loss of confidentiality, availability, and integrity. Justify your answers.arrow_forwardPlease include comments and docs comments on the program. The two other classes are Attraction and Entertainment.arrow_forward
- Object-Oriented Programming In this separate files. ent, you'll need to build and run a small Zoo in Lennoxville. All classes must be created in Animal (5) First, start by building a class that describes an Animal at a Zoo. It should have one private instance variable for the name of the animal, and one for its hunger status (fed or hungry). Add methods for setting and getting the hunger satus variable, along with a getter for the name. Consider how these should be named for code clarity. For instance, using a method called hungry () to make the animal hungry could be used as a setter for the hunger field. The same logic could be applied to when it's being fed: public void feed () { this.fed = true; Furthermore, the getter for the fed variable could be named is Fed as it is more descriptive about what it answers when compared to get Fed. Keep this technique in mind for future class designs. Zoo (10) Now we have the animals designed and ready for building a little Zoo! Build a class…arrow_forward1.[30 pts] Answer the following questions: a. [10 pts] Write a Boolean equation in sum-of-products canonical form for the truth table shown below: A B C Y 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 a. [10 pts] Minimize the Boolean equation you obtained in (a). b. [10 pts] Implement, using Logisim, the simplified logic circuit. Include an image of the circuit in your report. 2. [20 pts] Student A B will enjoy his picnic on sunny days that have no ants. He will also enjoy his picnic any day he sees a hummingbird, as well as on days where there are ants and ladybugs. a. Write a Boolean equation for his enjoyment (E) in terms of sun (S), ants (A), hummingbirds (H), and ladybugs (L). b. Implement in Logisim, the logic circuit of E function. Use the Circuit Analysis tool in Logisim to view the expression, include an image of the expression generated by Logisim in your report. 3.[20 pts] Find the minimum equivalent circuit for the one shown below (show your work): DAB C…arrow_forwardWhen using functions in python, it allows us tto create procedural abstractioons in our programs. What are 5 major benefits of using a procedural abstraction in python?arrow_forward
- Find the error, assume data is a string and all variables have been declared. for ch in data: if ch.isupper: num_upper = num_upper + 1 if ch.islower: num_lower = num_lower + 1 if ch.isdigit: num_digits = num_digits + 1 if ch.isspace: num_space = num_space + 1arrow_forwardFind the Error: date_string = input('Enter a date in the format mm/dd/yyyy: ') date_list = date_string.split('-') month_num = int(date_list[0]) day = date_list[1] year = date_list[2] month_name = month_list[month_num - 1] long_date = month_name + ' ' + day + ', ' + year print(long_date)arrow_forwardFind the Error: full_name = input ('Enter your full name: ') name = split(full_name) for string in name: print(string[0].upper(), sep='', end='') print('.', sep=' ', end='')arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Np Ms Office 365/Excel 2016 I NtermedComputer ScienceISBN:9781337508841Author:CareyPublisher:CengageInformation Technology Project ManagementComputer ScienceISBN:9781337101356Author:Kathy SchwalbePublisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Information Security (MindTap Cours...Computer ScienceISBN:9781337102063Author:Michael E. Whitman, Herbert J. MattordPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Principles of Information Systems (MindTap Course...Computer ScienceISBN:9781285867168Author:Ralph Stair, George ReynoldsPublisher:Cengage LearningProgramming Logic & Design ComprehensiveComputer ScienceISBN:9781337669405Author:FARRELLPublisher:CengageFundamentals of Information SystemsComputer ScienceISBN:9781305082168Author:Ralph Stair, George ReynoldsPublisher:Cengage Learning
Np Ms Office 365/Excel 2016 I Ntermed
Computer Science
ISBN:9781337508841
Author:Carey
Publisher:Cengage

Information Technology Project Management
Computer Science
ISBN:9781337101356
Author:Kathy Schwalbe
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Principles of Information Security (MindTap Cours...
Computer Science
ISBN:9781337102063
Author:Michael E. Whitman, Herbert J. Mattord
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Principles of Information Systems (MindTap Course...
Computer Science
ISBN:9781285867168
Author:Ralph Stair, George Reynolds
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Programming Logic & Design Comprehensive
Computer Science
ISBN:9781337669405
Author:FARRELL
Publisher:Cengage

Fundamentals of Information Systems
Computer Science
ISBN:9781305082168
Author:Ralph Stair, George Reynolds
Publisher:Cengage Learning