
Concept explainers
Figure 3.7 What structures does a plant cell have that an animal cell does not have? What structures does an animal cell have that a plant cell does not have?
Figure 3.7 This figure shows (a) a typical animal cell and (b) a typical plant cell.

To analyze:
The similar characteristics and different features of plant cells and animal cells.
Introduction:
Both plant cells and animal cells are eukaryotic cells and have some common features. The plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and ribosomes are the structures present in both plant and animal cells. Besides these structures some structures such as chloroplast, cell wall, a central vacuole are exclusively present in plant cell and similarly centrosomes, centrioles and lysosomes are present only in animal cells.
Explanation of Solution
A typical plant cell possesses a cell wall, plasmodesmata, a large central vacuole, chloroplasts, and other plastids. These structures are absent in animal cells. The cell wall is a rigid covering which protects plant cells and gives structural support to the plant cells. Plasmodesmata are the channels which connect cell to cell and involves in the transportation of materials. The water in plant cells is regulated by the central vacuole. Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells.
A typical animal cell has centrosomes which have centrioles and lysosomes. These structures are not present in the plant cells. Centrosomes are located in the microtubules and function as the organizing center. The centrioles present in them have an unknown role in the process of cell division. Lysosomes perform the function of waste disposal and contain hydrolytic enzymes for digestion.
A plant cell possesses a cell wall, plasmodesmata, a large central vacuole, chloroplasts and plastids. These structures are absent in animal cells. A animal cell has centrosomes which have centrioles and lysosomes. These structures are absent in the plant cells.
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