Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 28, Problem 4IQ
Summary Introduction
To label: The structure of Paramecium and explain to which clade, subgroup, and super-group it belongs to.
Introduction: Protists belong to domain Eukarya. They show more structural and functional variation as compare to the other eukaryotes. The classification of the protists into the phylogenetic tree clade includes the species of the plants, animals and the
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Carotenoids in algae have evolved through primary and secondary endosymbiosis. provide a well-constructed phylogenetic tree to show where carotene, neoxanthin, zeaxanthin, violaxanthin, fucoxanthin, and lutein arose in the macrophytic, multicellular groups of algae. add descriptive and informative title to it
Your lab group is assigned an unknown organism to identify to the level of phylum. You have it narrowed down to either Phylum Porifera or Phylum Cnidaria. Which feature would allow you to identify the phylum of your unknown creature?
a) Presence of one or more germ layers
b) Presence of a central cavity
c) Presence of flagellated cells or cells with a long tendril extension
d) Presence of one large external opening
e) Presence of epidermal covering
While all members of the phyla we’re considering this week are in the bilateria (have bilateral symmetry and three tissue layers) – they also differ drastically.
From your perspective:
I) which groups considered in this unit are the most similar and what connects them?
II) Which groups are most distinct and what separates them?
**The phyla group mentioned in this question is circled in red
Chapter 28 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 28 - The plastids of chlorarachniophytes are surrounded...Ch. 28 - Sleeping sickness is caused by the kinetoplastid...Ch. 28 - Sleeping sickness is caused by the kinetoplastid...Ch. 28 - Prob. 4IQCh. 28 - Prob. 5IQCh. 28 - Prob. 6IQCh. 28 - Fill in the names of the two major clades and the...Ch. 28 - Prob. 8IQCh. 28 - Evidence indicates that all plastids (except for...Ch. 28 - Prob. 1TYKM
Ch. 28 - Prob. 2TYKMCh. 28 - Prob. 3TYKMCh. 28 - Prob. 4TYKMCh. 28 - Prob. 5TYKMCh. 28 - Prob. 6TYKMCh. 28 - Prob. 7TYKMCh. 28 - ________ flagella with spiral or crystalline rod;...Ch. 28 - Mixotrophs a. have unicellular and multicellular...Ch. 28 - According to the theory of secondary...Ch. 28 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 28 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 28 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 28 - Genetic variation is generated in the ciliate...Ch. 28 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 28 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 28 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 28 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 28 - Which supergroup includes the land plants? a....Ch. 28 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 28 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 28 - Prob. 14TYK
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- Which of the following is considered a synapomophy of the Kingdom Disciristatae? * It exhibits the tubular cristae Presence of a spiral or crystalline rod structure inside each of their flagella some taxa possess the excavate feeding groove the presence of a kinetosome at the base of a flagellum Which evolutionary novelty in the origin of eukaryotes paved the way for endosymbiosis to occur. * The evolution of digestive vesicles The formation of endomembrane system The appearance of a cytoskeleton. the formation of a nuclear membranearrow_forwardA certain unicellular eukaryote has a glasslike shell and exhibits autotrophic nutrition. When it dies this glasslike shell is not degraded unless acted upon by bacteria. To which clade does it belong? Rhizaria Unikonta Archaeplastida Chromalveolata Excavataarrow_forwardNow that you have explored the characteristics of the major groups of thealveolate protist, summarize the synapomorphy(s) that group them together as one clade. What unique features of each group distinguish them from others within the clade?arrow_forward
- Describe the morphology of oomycetes. Which protists are known for their cytoplasmic streaming movement? Which protists occasionally resemble tiny snails? What are the shells made of? Which group of protists have elaborate exteriors of glassy silica and are very common in the fossil record? What supergroup do land plants share a common ancestor with? What protists are common in tropical waters and are generally called “seaweeds?” Which of the algaes are the furthest living relatives to land plants? Which algaes are the closest living relatives to land plants? Which protists move using tube-like pseudopodia? Which protist group exhibits similarities to fungi as a result of convergent evolution? Which protist group takes on a slug form when nutrients are hard to come by? What protist group do animals share a common ancestor with? What are the choanoflagellates are believed to resemble? Which group contains at least one type of human parasite? Ecology of…arrow_forwardDifferentiate the three classes of Porifera by making a phylogenetic tree (Make your own illustration). Label the similarities and differences between these classes that splits or relates them in the phylogenetic tree.arrow_forward1) Make a graphic/visual organizer of the four supergroups of Protists and the major groups of protists. 2) The graphic organizer must include all the following major groups. Include one example organism and one derived character (shared by most or all members of the group).arrow_forward
- Differentiate the four classes of phylum Porifera by making a phylogenetic tree (Make your own illustration). Label the similarities and differences between these classes that split or relate them in the phylogenetic tree.arrow_forwardPlease make a concept map using these termsarrow_forwardAs we have discussed in class, phylogenies are hypotheses, and can therefore change over time with new evidence. Relatively recent and strong molecular evidence (that we did not discuss in class) suggests that all members of the Subphylum Hexapoda are derived from a common ancestor within the Subphylum Crustacea, as in the cladogram shown below. Given this new information, answer the question below. Note: Don't panic. Some of the names of these groups are new to you (Copepoda, Malacostraca, and Remipedia are all classes or subclasses within the Subphylum Crustacea), but this will not affect your ability to answer this question. Myriapoda Copepoda (Crustacea) Malacostraca (Crustacea) Hexapoda Remipedia (Crustacea) If we insisted that all groups must be categorized and named so that taxonomic ranks/names always include a single common ancestor and all of its descendants, how would this new evidence change our definition of a hexapod? Hexapoda and Melacostraca would have to be classified…arrow_forward
- Which of the following is a trait shared by ALL organisms in the Archaeplastida Supergroup? Chloroplasts Photosynthetic and plant-like in structure Photosynthetic and single-celled Immobile and mixotrophicarrow_forwardDifferentiate the functions of the macro-and micronuclei of ciliates. What is the advantage of having dimorphic nuclei as compared to the monomorphic nucleus of other protozoans? Apicomplexans are widespread and common parasites of worms, echinoderms, insects, and vertebrates (including humans). What characteristics do these protozoans have that make them highly infective (efficient as parasites)? How can foram fossils provide clues about past cold and warm periods, and global temperature change? What characteristics separate Euglenozoans from Chlorophytes (i.e., Volvox, green algae)?arrow_forwardWhat is the literal meaning of the order names Urodela and Anura? What major features distinguish members of these two orders from each other?arrow_forward
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