Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The given compounds A, B and C are to be labeled as D or L-sugar.
Concept introduction: A sugar molecule in which hydroxyl group of second last carbon atom is on the left and right side of the horizontal line is known as
(b)
Interpretation: The relation between A and B, A and C, B and C is to be determined from enantiomers, diastereomers and constitutional isomers.
Concept introduction: Two compounds which are non-superimposable mirror images of each other are known as enantiomers. Whereas two compounds which are neither superimposable nor mirror images to each other are known as diastereomer. On the other hand, two compounds that have same molecular formula but different structural arrangement of atoms are known as constitutional isomers.
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Organic Chemistry
- 4 Draw a chair conformation for a β anomer of a disaccharide in which the two units of D-glucopyranose are joined by an α-1,6-glycosidic bond.arrow_forward(a) Convert each cyclic monosaccharide into a Fischer projection of its acyclic form. (b) Name each monosaccharide. (c) Label the anomer as a or ß.arrow_forward(a) Draw the more stable chair form of fucose, an essential monosaccharide needed in the diet and a component of carbohydrates on mammalian and plant cell surfaces. (b) Classify fucose as a D- or Lmonosaccharide. (c) What two structural features are unusual in fucose?arrow_forward
- m) Which pyranose ring (A, B, C, or D) in the tetrasaccharide below is derived from D-altrose? The Fischer projections for the four aldohexoses that make up this tetrasaccharide are shown below. B C D HOH CHO CHO CHO CHO HO+H HTOH Fонно н HOH HOH H-OH H-OH H-+-OH H-TOHHOH HOH H+OH HOHнтон нон CHOH CHOH CHOH CHOH De D-glue Dalose Datrone i NH Į HOH STEP 1 OH, HO- answer 1. Just add arrows and charges for steps 1, 2, and 3 in formation of this enamine з no arrows needed here OH н Н ЮН -OH STEP 3 :ÖH н H STEP 2 на это про за почarrow_forwardDraw the following monosaccharides, using chair conformations for the pyranoses andHaworth projections for the furanoses.(a) a-d-mannopyranose (C2 epimer of glucose)(b) b-d-galactopyranose (C4 epimer of glucose)(c) b-d-allopyranose (C3 epimer of glucose)(d) a-d-arabinofuranose(e) b-d-ribofuranose (C2 epimer of arabinose)arrow_forwardThe anticoagulant heparin is a polysaccharide that contains alternating residues of -D- glucuronic acid-6- sulfate and N-sulfo-D-glucosamine-6sulfate connected by (1 B 4)- glycosidic linkages. Draw a part of heparin that shows one each of the two residues.arrow_forward
- Draw the Haworth or Chair Haworth structures of the following disaccharides: (a) α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1,4)-β, D-galactopyranose (b) β,D-galactopyranosyl-(1,4)-α-D-glucopyranose (c) β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1,4)-α,D-galactopyranose. Identify all anomeric carbons and hemiacetal, acetal, hemiketal, and ketal linkages.arrow_forward#6 B D F INSTRUCTIONS: Characterize the members of each of the following pairs of structures as enantiomers, diastereomers or neither enantiomers nor diastereomers.arrow_forward9 A disaccharide consists of the molecules of D-glucose and D-glucosamine joined by a (1a, 1b)-glucosidic bond. a) Draw the structure of the disaccharide (Haworth projection) if you know that in D- glucose the anomeric carbon has an a-configuration. b) Give the name of the union you drew in question a. c) Draw the structure of the product (cantilever conformation) resulting from the effect of excess acetic anhydride and pyridine on the disaccharide. Hint: D-glucosamine has the same structure as D-glucose, but C-2 has an amino group instead of a hydroxyl.arrow_forward
- Glucose is the most abundant monosaccharide. From memory, draw glucose in(a) the Fischer projection of the open chain.(b) the most stable chair conformation of the most stable pyranose anomer.(c) the Haworth projection of the most stable pyranose anomerarrow_forwardThe structure of 4 isomers of ketopentose are shown. 1) select every structure that is a diastereomer of structure D A, B, or C? 2) select every structure that is a enantiomer of structure C A, B, or D 3) select every structure that is a stereoisomer of structure C A, B, or Darrow_forwardDraw the following monosaccharides, using chair conformations for the pyranoses andHaworth projections for the furanoses.(a) a-d-mannopyranose (C2 epimer of glucose)arrow_forward
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning