
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The relationship between and
is to be stated.
Concept introduction: The anomers are cyclic monosaccharides, which differ in configuration at one stereogenic centre. These carbon atoms are called anomeric centre.

Answer to Problem 28.42P
The compounds and
are epimers.
Explanation of Solution
The structures of compounds and
are,
Figure 1
In the given structures, the configuration at is different. Hence, the compounds
and
are epimers.
The compounds and
are epimers.
(b)
Interpretation: The relationship between and
is to be stated.
Concept introduction: The anomers are cyclic monosaccharides, which differ in configuration at one stereogenic centre. These carbon atoms are called anomeric centre. The compounds which are neither mirror images nor supperimposable on each other are known as diastereomer.

Answer to Problem 28.42P
The compound and
are diastreomers but not epimers.
Explanation of Solution
The structures of given compound and
are,
Figure 2
In the given structures, the compound is not mirror image of compound
and the configuration of more than is different. Hence, the compound
and
are diastreomers but not epimers.
The compound and
are diastreomers but not epimers.
(c)
Interpretation: The relationship between and
is to be stated.
Concept introduction: The compounds which are mirror images as well as non-supperimposable on each other. These compounds are known as enantiomers.

Answer to Problem 28.42P
The compound and
are enantiomers.
Explanation of Solution
The structures of given compound and
are,
Figure 3
In the given structures, the compound is mirror image of compound
. Hence, the compound
and
are enantiomers.
The compound and
are enantiomers.
(d)
Interpretation: The relationship between and
is to be stated.
Concept introduction: The compounds which have same molecular formula but differ in connectivity of the substituents. These compounds are known as constitutional isomers.

Answer to Problem 28.42P
The compound and
are constitutional isomers.
Explanation of Solution
The structures of given compound and
are,
Figure 4
In the given structures, the molecular formula of is same to the molecular formula of
but the connectivity of substituents at
is different. Hence, the compound
and
are constitutional isomers.
The compound and
are constitutional isomers.
(e)
Interpretation: The relationship between and
is to be stated.
Concept introduction: The anomers are cyclic monosaccharides, which differ in configuration at one stereogenic centre. These carbon atoms are called anomeric centre. The compounds which are neither mirror images nor supperimposable on each other are known as diastereomer.

Answer to Problem 28.42P
The compounds and
are diastreomers but not epimers.
Explanation of Solution
The substituents on a carbon are present above the ring in Haworth projection indicates that these bonds are above the plane (i.e. either equatorial or axial position) in chair form. The structures of given compound and
are,
Figure 5
In the given structures, the configuration at is different which shows that the compound
is not mirror image of compound
and. Hence, the compound
and
are diastreomers but not epimers.
The compounds and
are diastreomers but not epimers.
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Chapter 28 Solutions
PKG ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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