CAMPBELL'S BIOLOGY 12E PERUSALL
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135858080
Author: Urry
Publisher: PERUSALL
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Chapter 27.6, Problem 1CC
Identify at least two ways that prokaryotes have affected you positively today.
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1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple different routes of administration provides greater insight than just a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250 g rats following bolus iv, oral (po), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.Using this data and set of graphs, determine:
(a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data (b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data (c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data (d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip (e) absolute po bioavailability, (f)Fpo absolute ip bioavailability, Fip
MAKE SURE ANSWERS HAVE UNITS if appropriate.
SHOW ALL WORK, including equation used, variables used and each step to your solution.
2. Drug quantification from plasma is commonly performed by using techniques such as HPLC or LC/MS. However, these methods do have limitations, and investigators may choose to use a radiolabeled analog of a drug instead. Radioligands are molecules that contain radioactive isotopes, commonly 3H or 14C. This technique allows investigators to quantify drug concentration from radiation measurements. The following measurements were made in 250 g rats following oral administration of 18.2 µCi of a 14C-labeled drug of interest: Time (min) Plasma Radiation Levels (µCi/L) 0 0.0 2 9.7 4 19.2 7 25.3 9 37.8 12 39.6 14 45.8 17 48.8 20 52.0 25 56.4 30 59.2 35 60.1 40 61.1 45 62.1 50 62.8 60 63.1 70 62.1 80 60.1 90 57.3 100 55.5 110 53.7 120 52.2 150 48.0 180 45.0 240 39.0
Note that a µCi is a measure of the amount of radioactivity and hence is a measure of the amount of drug present. Given that the oral bioavailability of this drug is known to be essentially 100%, estimate the following from this…
The current nutrition labelling regulation in Hong Kong requires food manufacturer to list E+7 information on the package of pre-packaged food products. Do you think that more nutrients, such as calcium and cholesterol, shall be included?
Chapter 27 Solutions
CAMPBELL'S BIOLOGY 12E PERUSALL
Ch. 27.1 - Describe two adaptations that enable prokaryotes...Ch. 27.1 - Contrast the cellular and DNA structures of...Ch. 27.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 27.2 - Although rare on a per gene basis, new mutations...Ch. 27.2 - Distinguish between the three mechanisms by which...Ch. 27.2 - In a rapidly changing environment, which bacterial...Ch. 27.3 - Distinguish between the four major modes of...Ch. 27.3 - A bacterium requires only the amino acid...Ch. 27.3 - WHAT IF? Describe what you might eat for a...Ch. 27.4 - Explain how molecular systematics and metagenomics...
Ch. 27.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 27.5 - Explain how prokaryotes, though small, can be...Ch. 27.5 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Review Figure 10.6. Then...Ch. 27.6 - Identify at least two ways that prokaryotes have...Ch. 27.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 27.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 27 - Describe features of prokaryotes that enable them...Ch. 27 - Mutations are rare and prokaryotes reproduce...Ch. 27 - Describe the range of prokaryotic metabolic...Ch. 27 - How have molecular data informed prokaryotic...Ch. 27 - In what ways are prokaryotes key to the survivaI...Ch. 27 - Prob. 27.6CRCh. 27 - Genetic variation in bacterial populations cannot...Ch. 27 - Photoautotrophs use (A) light as an energy source...Ch. 27 - Which of the following statements is not true? (A)...Ch. 27 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 27 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 27 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 27 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 27 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY INTERPRET THE DATA The...Ch. 27 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ENERGY In a short essay...Ch. 27 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Explain how the small...
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