Essentials of Biology (5th International Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781259660269
Author: Sylvia S. Mader, Dr., Michael Windelspecht
Publisher: Mcgraw-Hill
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Chapter 27.1, Problem 4LO
Give examples of drugs of abuse, and explain how they affect the nervous system.
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Kinetics: One-Compartment First-Order Absorption
1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple routes of administration provides greater insight than a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250-g rats following bolus IV, oral (PO), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.
Using this data and set of graphs, determine:(calculate for each variable)
(a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data
(b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data
c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data
(d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip
(e)absolute ip bioavailability, Fip
(f) absolute po bioavailability, Fpo
3. A promising new drug is being evaluated in human trials. Based on preliminary human tests, this drug is most effective when plasma levels exceed 30 mg/L. Measurements from preliminary tests indicate the following human pharmacokinetic parameter values: t1/2,elim = 4.6hr, t1/2,abs = 0.34hr, VD = 0.29 L/kg, Foral = 72%. Based on these parameters, estimate the following if a 49 kg woman were to receive a 1000mg oral dose of this drug:
(a) Estimate the plasma concentration of the drug at 1hr, 6 hr, and 20hr after taking the drug ( Concentration estimate)
(b) Estimate the time for maximum plasma concentration (tmax).
(c) Estimate the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax).
(d) Estimate the time at which the plasma level first rises above 30 mg/L. (Note this is a trial and error problem where you must guess a time, plug it into the concentration equation, and determine if it is close to 30 mg/L. Hint: based on part (a) it should be apparent that the answer is less than 1hr.)
(e)…
Chapter 27 Solutions
Essentials of Biology (5th International Edition)
Ch. 27.1 - 1. Describe the structure and function of a...Ch. 27.1 - Explain how a nerve impulse is generated and...Ch. 27.1 - Prob. 3LOCh. 27.1 - Give examples of drugs of abuse, and explain how...Ch. 27.1 - Prob. 5LOCh. 27.1 - Prob. 6LOCh. 27.1 - Prob. 1CYPCh. 27.1 - Prob. 2CYPCh. 27.1 - Prob. 3CYPCh. 27.1 - Prob. 4CYP
Ch. 27.1 - Identify the structures of the central nervous...Ch. 27.1 - Prob. 6CYPCh. 27.1 - Prob. 7CYPCh. 27.1 - Prob. 1ACh. 27.1 - Prob. 2ACh. 27.1 -
3. Transmission of a nerve impulse across a...Ch. 27.1 - Prob. 4ACh. 27.1 - Prob. 5ACh. 27.1 - Prob. 6ACh. 27.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 27.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 27.2 - 3. Compare and contrast the actions of steroid and...Ch. 27.2 - Prob. 4LOCh. 27.2 - Prob. 1CYPCh. 27.2 - Prob. 2CYPCh. 27.2 - Prob. 3CYPCh. 27.2 - Prob. 4CYPCh. 27.2 - Prob. 5CYPCh. 27.2 - Prob. 7ACh. 27.2 - Prob. 8ACh. 27.2 - Prob. 9ACh. 27.2 - Prob. 10ACh. 27.2 - Prob. 11ACh. 27.2 - Prob. 12ACh. 27 - Prob. 1BYBCh. 27 - Prob. 2BYBCh. 27 - Prob. 3BYBCh. 27 - Prob. S19.1BYBCh. 27 - Prob. S22.3BYBCh. 27 - Section 5.4 How does active transport move...Ch. 27 - Prob. 1TCCh. 27 - Prob. 2TCCh. 27 - Prob. 3TCCh. 27 - The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved...Ch. 27 - Prob. 5TC
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