Campbell Biology in Focus, Books a la Carte Edition; Modified Mastering Biology with Pearson eText - ValuePack Access Card - for Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
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Chapter 27, Problem 7TYU

(a)

Summary Introduction

To infer:

About the relative costs and benefits of large brains documented in the fossil records of certain lineages of humans and other animals.

Concept introduction:

Animals with larger brain size are considered as more intelligent and hence they are more successful than animals with smaller brain size. The larger brain size can also help an animal in obtaining mates and therefore can increase their survival.

The larger brain size involves a higher cost, but it is outweighed by the survival benefits that an animal gets.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To hypothesize:

In what way the natural selection might have favored the evolution of large brains despite their high maintenance costs.

Concept introduction:

Animals with larger brain size are considered as more intelligent and hence they are more successful than animals with smaller brain size. The larger brain size can also help an animal in obtaining mates and therefore can increase their survival.

The larger brain size involves a higher cost, but it is outweighed by the survival benefits that an animal gets.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To graph:

The data for 14 bird species and conclude about the relationship between brain size and mortality.

Concept introduction:

Animals with larger brain size are considered as more intelligent and hence they are more successful than animals with smaller brain size. The larger brain size can also help an animal in obtaining mates and therefore can increase their survival.

The larger brain size involves a higher cost, but it is outweighed by the survival benefits that an animal gets.

Graphical representation:

The graph between the mortality rate and deviation of brain size from expected is shown below:

Campbell Biology in Focus, Books a la Carte Edition; Modified Mastering Biology with Pearson eText - ValuePack Access Card - for Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition), Chapter 27, Problem 7TYU

Graph 1: Relationship between the mortality rate and deviation of brain size from the expected value. The x-axis represents the deviation of brain size from expected and the y-axis represents the mortality rate.

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a) Find a nitrogen base.  What carbon is the base attached to? b) What two nitrogenous bases are held together by 2 hydrogen bonds? c)What two nitrogenous bases are held together by 3 hydrogen bonds?
You will be building a double-stranded DNA molecule, representing a short (20 base) sequence that could be found in a chromosome.  It will have a 3' --> 5' strand and a 5' --> 3' strand. Use two full 12-base-pair DNA models.  a) Upload a photo of a model once the first 6 nucleotides have been inserted to base pair with the two parent strands. b)Upload a photo of DNA polymerase I and Ligase in "action" removing the RNA primer nucleotides and making new phosphodiester bonds. c)Upload a photo of the final two DNA strands, after Termination, identifying the parent and daughter strands of each.
Write down the 12 base-pairs (ex A-T or G-C) contained in the two models you will us from top to bottom below Model 1 bp:   Model 2 bp:
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