Campbell Biology in Focus, Books a la Carte Edition; Modified Mastering Biology with Pearson eText - ValuePack Access Card - for Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134433769
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 27.1, Problem 2CC
Summary Introduction
To explain:
Whether the sponges are less successful or “highly evolved” than other animal groups.
Concept introduction:
Sponges belong to phylum “Porifera”. They are considered as basal animals as they were the first animal to have evolved on earth.
They are the most primitive animals with cellular level of organisation. They lack true tissues, but contain specialized cells for carrying out various activities. They are filter feeders.
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. WHAT IF? Suppose ctenophores are basal metazoansand sponges are the sister group of all remaining animals.Under this hypothesis, redraw Figure 32.11 and discusswhether animals with tissues would form a clade.
Matching:
(23-27) Match the specialized cell/organ to its function:
23
Colloblast
24.
Choanocyte
25
Spicule
26.
Osculum
27)
Cnidocyte
A. structural support
B. water exits sponge
here
C. stinging cell with poison barb
D. sticky cell to capture food
E. filters food out of water in sponges
How humans learn and remember things is still one of the major unsolvedbiological mysteries. Much of what is currently understood about learning andmemory and the biological basis of behaviour comes from the study ofinvertebrates, including the gastropod molluscs. Describe the types ofexperiments that have been performed on gastropods and the extent to whicheach has increased our understanding of how animals learn.
Chapter 27 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus, Books a la Carte Edition; Modified Mastering Biology with Pearson eText - ValuePack Access Card - for Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 27.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 27.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 27.2 - What is the Cambrian explosion? Why is it...Ch. 27.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 27.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 27.3 - WHAT IF? Would it be accurate to describe the...Ch. 27.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 27.4 - Describe two key adaptations of aquatic...Ch. 27.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS The radiation of bilaterians in...Ch. 27.5 - Describe two adaptations that have enabled insects...
Ch. 27.5 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Compare and contrast how the...Ch. 27.6 - Describe three key amniote adaptations for life on...Ch. 27.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 27.6 - WHAT IF? Which came first, the chicken or the egg?...Ch. 27.7 - Describe how ocean communities changed in the...Ch. 27.7 - Prob. 2CCCh. 27.7 - Prob. 3CCCh. 27 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 27 - Fossil steroid and molecular clock evidence...Ch. 27 - Which of the following was probably the least...Ch. 27 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 27 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 27 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 27 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 27 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION In Figure 27.29, circle the...Ch. 27 - FOCUS ON ORGANIZATION Early tetrapods had a...Ch. 27 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Collectively, do these...
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- Consider things about sponges and Cnidarians. a) Pick one of these two groups, and state how they are important to their ecosystems (name which one you are discussing) b) Pick one of these two groups and state how they help humans directly (name which group you are discussing).arrow_forwardTest Your Understanding 1.Which of the following is not a shared derived character of echinoderms? (a) water vascular system (b) notochord (c) tube feet (d) pentaradial symmetry in adult (e) endoskeleton of calcium carbonate plates and spinesarrow_forwardconnect What is the significance of choanocytes in terms of the evolution of sponges? Explain their function in sponges.arrow_forward
- MAKE CONNECTIONS Historically, annelids and arthropods were viewed as closely related because both havebody segmentation. Yet DNA sequence data indicatethat annelids belong to one clade (Lophotrochozoa) andarthropods to another (Ecdysozoa). Could traditionaland molecular hypotheses be tested by studyingthe Hox genes that control body segmentation (seeConcept 21.6)? Explain.arrow_forwardQ30: Match the all parts to this question, the answer choices are shown in the picturearrow_forward1) Develop a hypothesis that explains the origin of sponge skeletons (i.e, why did sponges develop skeletons in the first place). Keep the following in mind: the current paradigm suggests that sponges were the first animals, there were NO predators when sponges evolved, and that available food was floating in the water.arrow_forward
- animals in which of the following classes possess adductor muscles, labial palps, and use their gills for both respiration and feeding? -Bivalvia -Cephalopoda -Polyplacophora -Anthozoa -Gastropodaarrow_forwardHow then do sponges, cnidarians,ctenophores, and placozoans function, andwhat are the consequences of their anatomical organization for diversity and ecology?arrow_forwardThe distinction between sponges and other animal phyla is based mainly on the absence versus the presence of (A) a body cavity. (B) a complete digestive tract. (C) mesoderm. (D) tissues.arrow_forward
- Evol question: If the common ancestor of Cnidarians were an open-ocean jellyfish, what would you infer regarding the evolutionary trends in the relative importance of the polyp and medusa stages?arrow_forwardSponges (Phylum Porifera) are the basal taxon to animals and were once thought to belong to plants. 1) Identify three characteristics that distinguish sponges from plants. 2) Identify three characteristics (present or absent) that distinguish sponges from other animal taxa.arrow_forwardPorifera (sponges) Choanocytes! What do these cells do? Where are these creatures typically found? Spicules. What are these. How do they differ between the different classifications of sponges? What does it mean to be the basal group of Animalia?arrow_forward
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