(a) Interpretation: The enantiomer of D-fructose is to be drawn. Concept introduction: A sugar molecule in which hydroxyl group of second last carbon atom is on the left and right side of the horizontal line is known as L -sugar and D -sugar, respectively. Two compounds which are non-superimposable mirror images of each other are known as enantiomers.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 26.4, Problem 10P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The enantiomer of D-fructose is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: A sugar molecule in which hydroxyl group of second last carbon atom is on the left and right side of the horizontal line is known as L-sugar and D-sugar, respectively. Two compounds which are non-superimposable mirror images of each other are known as enantiomers.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: An epimer of D-fructose at C4 is to be drawn and the name of this compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Two compounds which are neither superimposable nor mirror images to each other and the configuration of one of their stereogenic centers is different are known as epimers.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: An epimer of D-fructose at C5 is to be drawn and the name of this compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Two compounds which are neither superimposable nor mirror images to each other and the configuration of one of their stereogenic centers is different are known as epimers.

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Draw a monosaccharide described in the following statements: 1. A diastereomer of D-fructose in the D- configuration. 2. A C-3 epimer of D- glucose. 3. A C-3 epimer of D- fructose.

a. How many stereogenic centers are present in α-D-galactose? b. Label the hemiacetal carbon in α-D-galactose. c. Draw the structure of β-D-galactose. d. Draw the structure of the polyhydroxy aldehyde that cyclizes to α- and β-D-galactose.

Answer questions a through e on a paper based on the following monosaccharide below: CHO но- но- H- H- CH,OH a. Draw the Haworth projection of monosaccharide A in the B-anomer (pyranose). b. Draw the chair conformation of the monosaccharide A in the B-anomer. c. Draw the Haworth projection for the enantiomer of A as a-anomer. d. Draw a disaccharide of A with B-(16) linkage. e. If the disaccharide in 1d is reacted with Benedict's reagent, draw the product formed.

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 26.4, Problem 10P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The enantiomer of D-fructose is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: A sugar molecule in which hydroxyl group of second last carbon atom is on the left and right side of the horizontal line is known as L-sugar and D-sugar, respectively. Two compounds which are non-superimposable mirror images of each other are known as enantiomers.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: An epimer of D-fructose at C4 is to be drawn and the name of this compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Two compounds which are neither superimposable nor mirror images to each other and the configuration of one of their stereogenic centers is different are known as epimers.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: An epimer of D-fructose at C5 is to be drawn and the name of this compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Two compounds which are neither superimposable nor mirror images to each other and the configuration of one of their stereogenic centers is different are known as epimers.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 26.4, Problem 10P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The enantiomer of D-fructose is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: A sugar molecule in which hydroxyl group of second last carbon atom is on the left and right side of the horizontal line is known as L-sugar and D-sugar, respectively. Two compounds which are non-superimposable mirror images of each other are known as enantiomers.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: An epimer of D-fructose at C4 is to be drawn and the name of this compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Two compounds which are neither superimposable nor mirror images to each other and the configuration of one of their stereogenic centers is different are known as epimers.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: An epimer of D-fructose at C5 is to be drawn and the name of this compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Two compounds which are neither superimposable nor mirror images to each other and the configuration of one of their stereogenic centers is different are known as epimers.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 26.4, Problem 10P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The enantiomer of D-fructose is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: A sugar molecule in which hydroxyl group of second last carbon atom is on the left and right side of the horizontal line is known as L-sugar and D-sugar, respectively. Two compounds which are non-superimposable mirror images of each other are known as enantiomers.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: An epimer of D-fructose at C4 is to be drawn and the name of this compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Two compounds which are neither superimposable nor mirror images to each other and the configuration of one of their stereogenic centers is different are known as epimers.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: An epimer of D-fructose at C5 is to be drawn and the name of this compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Two compounds which are neither superimposable nor mirror images to each other and the configuration of one of their stereogenic centers is different are known as epimers.

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Answer 5

Chapter 26.4, Problem 10P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The enantiomer of D-fructose is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: A sugar molecule in which hydroxyl group of second last carbon atom is on the left and right side of the horizontal line is known as L-sugar and D-sugar, respectively. Two compounds which are non-superimposable mirror images of each other are known as enantiomers.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: An epimer of D-fructose at C4 is to be drawn and the name of this compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Two compounds which are neither superimposable nor mirror images to each other and the configuration of one of their stereogenic centers is different are known as epimers.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: An epimer of D-fructose at C5 is to be drawn and the name of this compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Two compounds which are neither superimposable nor mirror images to each other and the configuration of one of their stereogenic centers is different are known as epimers.

Answer 6

Chapter 26.4, Problem 10P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The enantiomer of D-fructose is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: A sugar molecule in which hydroxyl group of second last carbon atom is on the left and right side of the horizontal line is known as L-sugar and D-sugar, respectively. Two compounds which are non-superimposable mirror images of each other are known as enantiomers.

Answer 7

Chapter 26.4, Problem 10P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The enantiomer of D-fructose is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: A sugar molecule in which hydroxyl group of second last carbon atom is on the left and right side of the horizontal line is known as L-sugar and D-sugar, respectively. Two compounds which are non-superimposable mirror images of each other are known as enantiomers.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: An epimer of D-fructose at C4 is to be drawn and the name of this compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Two compounds which are neither superimposable nor mirror images to each other and the configuration of one of their stereogenic centers is different are known as epimers.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: An epimer of D-fructose at C4 is to be drawn and the name of this compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Two compounds which are neither superimposable nor mirror images to each other and the configuration of one of their stereogenic centers is different are known as epimers.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: An epimer of D-fructose at C5 is to be drawn and the name of this compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Two compounds which are neither superimposable nor mirror images to each other and the configuration of one of their stereogenic centers is different are known as epimers.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: An epimer of D-fructose at C5 is to be drawn and the name of this compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Two compounds which are neither superimposable nor mirror images to each other and the configuration of one of their stereogenic centers is different are known as epimers.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 26.2 - Prob. 1P Ch. 26.2 - Prob. 2P Ch. 26.2 - Label each stereogenic center as R or S. a. b. c....Ch. 26.2 - Convert the ball-and-stick model to a Fischer...Ch. 26.2 - Prob. 5P Ch. 26.2 - Prob. 6P Ch. 26.3 - Prob. 7P Ch. 26.3 - Prob. 8P Ch. 26.4 - Prob. 9P Ch. 26.4 - Prob. 10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that the enantiomer of D-fructose is shown in Figure 1.

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Chapter 26 Solutions