Concept explainers
To identify:
The lineages as plants, non vascular plants, vascular plants, seedless vascular plants and seed plants with reference to Figure 26.18 “Highlights of plant evolution” and also explain which of these categories are monophyletic and which are paraphyletic with reference to Figure 20.10 “Monophyletic, paraphyletic and polyphyletic groups’, in the textbook.
Introduction:
The evolution history of the organism is known as phylogeny and the branched diagram for evolutionary relationships among species based on their genetic and physical characteristics is known as phylogenetic tree which is also known as evolutionary tree.
Monophyletic groups are those which consist of ancestor and all of its descendents, paraphyletic group includes ancestor and few but not all descendents and polyphyletic group includes species that are distantly linked and does not include recent common ancestor.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 26 Solutions
Campbell Biology In Focus, Loose-leaf Edition (3rd Edition)
- Use the image to correctly fill in the following blanks. The whole specimen is a [A], a gametophyte structure found in the phylum [B]. The structures found within the circle are called, [C] and the arrows point at examples of [D]. [E] seen in the triangle are only to keep the plant anchored in place. ASUS VivoBookarrow_forwardMAKE CONNECTIONS In addition to cotyledon number, how do thestructures of monocots and eudicots differ? (See Figure 30.16.)arrow_forwardPart 1: Identify the haploid and diploid generations of the following plants. (Examples are found in your prelab reading) Identify the Bryophyte and if it is in its haploid or diploid reproductive state. A hornwort Haploid B Moss Haploid C Liverwort Haploid List the stages of the life cycles for all three classes of Bryophytes starting from the spore stage. 中 Mosses Liverworts Hornworts Spore Spore Spore How does the life cycle of nonvascular plants differ from that of vascular plants? Why are ferns considered vascular plants even though they share a life cycle similar to Bryophytes?arrow_forward
- Give typed full explanationarrow_forwardDraw a phylogenetic tree illustrating our current understanding ofplant phylogeny; label the common ancestor of plants and the originsof multicellular gametangia, vascular tissue, and seeds.arrow_forwardThere are two alternative hypotheses about the life cycle of the early vascular plants, the transformation hypothesis and the interpolation hypothesis. If Rhynia and Sciadophyton are the two generations of one species, which hypothesis would be favored? Briefly describe the other hypothesis.arrow_forward
- Please type a brief definition of the following terms Photoperiod - Long day vs. Short day vs. Day-neutral plants - Merosity - Quartet model - Orthologs - Microsporangium - Staminode - Self-incompatibility (SI) - Aggregate vs. multiple fruits - Homology vs. Homoplasy -arrow_forwardImagine that you are a systematist studying a group of little- known flowering plants. You discover that the phylogenetic tree based on flower morphology differs dramatically from the phylogenetic tree based on DNA sequences. How would you try to resolve the discrepancy? Which tree would you believe is more accurate?arrow_forwardGuide question: 1. Fill in table 1. Table 1. Distinctive traits of major plant phyla Distinctive Bryophyta traits Dominant generation (Gametophyte or sporophyte) Vascular or nonvascular Dispersal to new habitats (spore or seed) Type of gametophyte (unisexual or. bisexual) Flagellated or unflagellated sperm Sporangium in capsule, sori, cone or flower Type of spores homosporous or heterosporous Monilophyta Coniferophyta Anthophyta 31arrow_forward
- Plant Diversity Know the phylum, domain and supergroup of land plants and its sister taxon. Describe at least four out of the seven derived traits of land plants. Describe and draw a general land plant life cycle (know the terms haploid, diploid, gametophyte, sporophyte, spore, meiosis, mitosis)arrow_forwardDRAW IT Use the letters a–d to label where on the phylogenetictree each of the following derived characters appears.(A) flowers(B) embryos(C) seeds(D) vascular tissuearrow_forwardAll of the following are trends in plant evolution except; A trend towards better water conducting tissue A trend towards Sporophyte dominance and away from gametophyte dominance A trend towards seeds and away from free spores A trend away from heterospory and towards homosporyarrow_forward
- Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax