Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321775658
Author: Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 26, Problem 4TYU
Three living species X, Y, and Z share a common ancestor T, as do extinet species U and V. A grouping that consists of species T, X, Y, and Z (but not U or V) makes up
(A) a monophyletictaxon.
- (B) an ingroup, with species U as the outgroup.
- (C) a paraphyletic group.
- (D) a polyphyletic group.
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Three living species X, Y, and Z share a common ancestor T, asdo extinct species U and V. A grouping that consists of speciesT, X, Y, and Z (but not U or V) makes up(A) a monophyletic taxon.(B) an ingroup, with species U as the outgroup.(C) a paraphyletic group.(D) a polyphyletic group.
Identify each of the following groups of species as a monophyletic group (clade), a paraphyletic group, or a polyphyletic group.
a) Brown bear, Polar bear, D, G
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c) Sun bear, Asian black bear, American black bear, E, F
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C) popular the ichneumon wasp and the common wasp are both called wasps. Is the term wasp describing a monophyletic group? Why and why not?
Chapter 26 Solutions
Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
Ch. 26.1 - VISUAL SKILLS: Which levels of the classification...Ch. 26.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 26.2 - Decide whether each of the following pairs of...Ch. 26.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 26.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.3 - WHAT IF? Draw a phylogenetic tree that includes...Ch. 26.4 - Explain how comparing proteins of two species can...Ch. 26.4 - WHAT IF? Suppose gene A is orthologous in species...
Ch. 26.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 26.5 - What is a molecular clock? What assumption...Ch. 26.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.5 - WHAT IF? Suppose a molecular dock dates the...Ch. 26.6 - Why is the kingdom Monera no longer considered a...Ch. 26.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 26 - Humans and chimpanzees are sister species. Explain...Ch. 26 - Why is it necessary to distinguish homology from...Ch. 26 - Prob. 26.3CRCh. 26 - When reconstructing phylogenies, is it more useful...Ch. 26 - Prob. 26.5CRCh. 26 - Prob. 26.6CRCh. 26 - In a comparison of birds and mammals, the...Ch. 26 - To appiy parsimony to constructing a phylogenetic...Ch. 26 - VISUAL SKILLS In Figure 26.4, which similarly...Ch. 26 - Three living species X, Y, and Z share a common...Ch. 26 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 26 - If you were using cladistics to build a...Ch. 26 - VISUAL SKILLS The relative lengths of the frog and...Ch. 26 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Darwin suggested looking at a...Ch. 26 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY DRAW IT (a) Draw a...Ch. 26 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INFORMATION In a Short essay...Ch. 26 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE This West Indian manatee...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
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- 1) How have scientists created the "tree of life"? Do you think that variations exist between these created trees? 2) What are the pros and cons to creating a "tree of life"? 3) When constructing this tree of life we can see many dead ends or organisms that we are unsure of their exact placement. Why is this? 4) Choose one species (either alive today or extinct) and describe its taxonomic classification. What traits or characteristics were used to classify this species into its current taxonomic classification? What other organisms are considered to be its closest relatives?arrow_forwardBelow are phylogenetic trees depicting the relationships among four species, A, B, C, and D. Which of the following statements is correct? ABCD ADCB DCBA D CAB (1) (2) (3) (4) Tree (1) and Tree (2) are the same tree. Tree (2) and Tree (4) are the same tree. Tree (2) and Tree (3) are the same tree. All four trees are in fact the same tree. All four trees are in fact different trees.arrow_forwardcompare and contrast between the following a) allopatric speciation and sympatric speciation. b) autopolyploid speciation and allopolyploid speciation c) natural selection and sexual selectionarrow_forward
- Match the following phylogenetic group terms with their correct definitions: Monophyletic: A group that includes a common ancestor and all of its descendants Monophyletic: A group that includes a common ancestor but not all of its descendants Paraphyletic: A group that includes a common ancestor and all of its descendants Paraphyletic: A group that includes a common ancestor but not all of its descendants Polyphyletic: A group that includes a common ancestor and all of its descendants Polyphyletic: A group that does not include the most recent common ancestor of its membersarrow_forwardWhat is the phylogenetic definition of a species? A) A group of individuals that can breed and produce viable offspring B) A group of interbreeding individuals that share the same environment C) A group of individuals that share a common ancestorarrow_forwardWhich of the following CANNOT be learned by looking at phylogenetic trees? (A) ALL of these. (B) Which groups of species represent natural monophyletic groups (clades) that should be named. (C) Which ancestral nodes (representing extinct ancestors) might be older than other ancestral nodes. (D) Which extant species are older than other extant species. (E) Which characteristics most likely evolved along specific branches of the evolutionary tree.arrow_forward
- Suppose the phylogenetic species concept (PSC) were preferred over other species concepts, such as the BSC. What would be the implications for (a) discourse on the evolutionary mechanisms of speciation; (b) studies of species diversity in ecological communities; (c) estimates of species diversity on a worldwide basis; and (d) conservation practices under such legal frameworks as the U.S. Endangered Species Act?arrow_forwardSuppose a new monkey species, Species A, has just been discovered. You are a primatologist, and you are trying to determine its phylogenetic position. You are sure its closest relatives are Species B and Species C, but you want to know which one it is more closely related to or if it is equally closely related to both. You are using Species D, a more distant relative, as the outgroup. You have come up with a list of ten characters you think will be useful in resolving this phylogeny, and you have determined the character state of each species for each character. The character states are: (in image below) Estimate the phylogeny of these taxa by plotting the changes on each of the three possible phylogenies for species A, B, and C and determining which tree requires the fewest evolutionary changes. HINT: First, review the carnivorans problem in Section 4.3 of the Zimmer and Emlen textbook. To solve the above problem, assume the outgroup has the ancestral character state for each…arrow_forwardTo apply parsimony to constructing a phylogenetic tree, (A) choose the tree that assumes all evolutionary changes are equally probable. (B) choose the tree in which the branch points are based on as many shared derived characters as possible. (C) choose the tree that represents the fewest evolutionary changes,in either DNA sequences or morphology. (D) choose the tree with the fewest branch points.arrow_forward
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