(a)
Interpretation:
The number of ATP equivalents expended in the synthesis of ATP needs to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, is a small molecule and is called as the main energy currency of the cell. The energy produced from biological reactions like breakdown of
(b)
Interpretation:
The number of ATP equivalents expended in the synthesis of GTP needs to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
GTP stands for guanylyl imidodiphosphate here, guanosine-5’-truphospahte is a substance that is incorporated into the growing chain of
(c)
Interpretation:
The number of ATP equivalents expended in the synthesis of UTP needs to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Uridine-5'-triphosphate consists of organic base U attached with the 1’ carbo of carbohydrate and forms ester bond with tri-phosphoric acid at 5’ position. This is also known as pyrimidine glycoside triphosphate. It acts as a substrate for ribonucleic acid’s synthesis in the transcription process.
(d)
Interpretation:
The number of ATP equivalents expended in the synthesis of CTP needs to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Cytidine triphosphate may be a pyrimidine glycoside triphosphate. CTP, very like adenosine triphosphate, consists of a carbohydrate sugar, and 3 phosphate teams. The main distinction between the 2 molecules is that the base used, that in CTP is C. CTP may be a substrate within the synthesis of ribonucleic acid.
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BIOCHEMISTRY II >CUSTOM<
- What would be the toxicological endpoints for neurotoxicity?arrow_forwardWhat are "endpoints" in toxicology exactly? Please give an intuitive easy explanationarrow_forwardFura-2 Fluorescence (Arbitrary Unit) 4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 [Ca2+]=2970nM, 25°C [Ca2+] 2970nM, 4°C [Ca2+]=0.9nM, 25°C [Ca2+] = 0.9nM, 4°C 0 260 280 300 340 360 380 400 420 440 Wavelength (nm) ← < The figure on the LHS shows the excitation spectra of Fura-2 (Em = 510 nm) in 2 solutions with two different Ca2+ ion concentration as indicated. Except for temperature, the setting for excitation & signal acquisition was identical.< ப a) The unit in Y-axis is arbitrary (unspecified). Why? < < b) Compare & contrast the excitation wavelength of the Isosbestic Point of Fura-2 at 25 °C & 4 °C. Give a possible reason for the discrepancy. < c) The fluorescence intensity at 25 °C & 4 °C are different. Explain why with the concept of electronic configuration. <arrow_forward
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