ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY: AN INTEGRATIVE APP
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781266163654
Author: McKinley
Publisher: MCG
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 26, Problem 2CSL
A key event in the chemical digestion processes that occur within the stomach is the release of H+ and Cl− into the lumen of the stomach. Explain how the parietal cells of the gastric glands are able to produce HCl that is a million times more acidic than blood without destroying the cells themselves.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
A key event in the chemical digestion processes that occur within the stomach is the release of H+ and Cl– into the lumen of the stomach. Explain how the parietal cells of the gastric glands are able to produce HCl that is a million times more acidic than blood without destroying the cells themselves.
Describe the main actions in the mouth, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine during lipid digestion and absorption.
Describe the substrate(s) and product(s) of each of the give major enzymes we discussed: lingual lipase, gastric lipase, pancreatic lipase, phospholipase A2, and carboxyl ester lipase.
Describe emulsification of lipids. Why does this need to happen for digestion and absorption to occur?
Describe how lipids are absorbed at the apical membrane.
Describe lipid transport in the enterocyte.
Describe lipid transport across the basolateral membrane and into circulation.
Define the brain-gut axis and give examples of how lipids impact.
Give examples of symptoms related to malabsorption of lipids.
Give examples of diseases/conditions involving malabsorption of lipids.
The catabolic enzyme alpha-amylase is active in some parts of the digestive system but not in others. What property of aqueous solutions controls its level of activity and how? If this property was out of the normal range in the areas of the digestive system where the enzyme is normally active, how would the catabolism of the substrate of alpha-amylase be affected?
Chapter 26 Solutions
ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY: AN INTEGRATIVE APP
Ch. 26.1 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
1. Identify the six organs that...Ch. 26.1 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
2. List the accessory digestive...Ch. 26.1 - Prob. 1WDLCh. 26.1 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
3. List and describe the six...Ch. 26.1 - What is the primary difference between mechanical...Ch. 26.1 - Prob. 4LOCh. 26.1 - Prob. 5LOCh. 26.1 - Prob. 6LOCh. 26.1 - What specific layer(s) must substances cross to...Ch. 26.1 - Prob. 4WDL
Ch. 26.1 - Prob. 5WDLCh. 26.1 - Prob. 7LOCh. 26.1 - Prob. 8LOCh. 26.1 - Prob. 9LOCh. 26.1 - Prob. 6WDLCh. 26.1 - Prob. 7WDLCh. 26.1 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
10. Describe the structure of...Ch. 26.1 - Prob. 11LOCh. 26.1 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
12. Explain the function of the...Ch. 26.1 - Prob. 1WDTCh. 26.1 - What is the difference between intraperitoneal and...Ch. 26.1 - Where is the greater omentum located?Ch. 26.2 - Prob. 13LOCh. 26.2 - Prob. 10WDLCh. 26.2 - Prob. 14LOCh. 26.2 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
15. Describe the structure and...Ch. 26.2 - Prob. 16LOCh. 26.2 - Prob. 17LOCh. 26.2 - Prob. 2WDTCh. 26.2 - Prob. 11WDLCh. 26.2 - Prob. 18LOCh. 26.2 - Prob. 12WDLCh. 26.2 - How is the bolus moved from the oral cavity into...Ch. 26.2 - Prob. 19LOCh. 26.2 - Prob. 20LOCh. 26.2 - Prob. 21LOCh. 26.2 - Prob. 3WDTCh. 26.2 - Prob. 14WDLCh. 26.2 - Prob. 15WDLCh. 26.3 - Prob. 22LOCh. 26.3 - What organs are considered part of the lower GI...Ch. 26.3 - Prob. 23LOCh. 26.3 - Prob. 24LOCh. 26.3 - Prob. 25LOCh. 26.3 - Prob. 4WDTCh. 26.3 - What are the three anatomic structures that...Ch. 26.3 - WHAT DID YOU LEARN?
18 Which type of motility is...Ch. 26.3 - Prob. 26LOCh. 26.3 - Prob. 27LOCh. 26.3 - Prob. 28LOCh. 26.3 - Prob. 5WDTCh. 26.3 - Where do deoxygenated, nutrient-rich blood and...Ch. 26.3 - Prob. 20WDLCh. 26.3 - Prob. 21WDLCh. 26.3 - Prob. 29LOCh. 26.3 - Prob. 30LOCh. 26.3 - Prob. 31LOCh. 26.3 - Prob. 22WDLCh. 26.3 - Prob. 23WDLCh. 26.3 - Which substances are typically absorbed by the...Ch. 26.4 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
32. Name the three classes of...Ch. 26.4 - Prob. 33LOCh. 26.4 - Prob. 34LOCh. 26.4 - Prob. 25WDLCh. 26.4 - Prob. 35LOCh. 26.4 - Prob. 36LOCh. 26.4 - Prob. 37LOCh. 26.4 - How are proteolytic enzymes activated in the...Ch. 26.4 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
38. Explain the role of bile...Ch. 26.4 - LEARNING OBJECTIVE
39. Discuss the process by...Ch. 26.4 - What is the function of bile salts in lipid...Ch. 26.4 - WHAT DID YOU LEARN?
28 How do micelles and...Ch. 26.4 - Prob. 40LOCh. 26.4 - Prob. 29WDLCh. 26.4 - Prob. 41LOCh. 26.4 - Prob. 42LOCh. 26.4 - WHAT DID YOU LEARN?
30 Explain the details of...Ch. 26 - _____ 1. Which organ is located in the right upper...Ch. 26 - _____ 2. The _____ cells of the stomach are...Ch. 26 - _____ 3. Which of the following is an unregulated...Ch. 26 - _____ 4. Which organ (or part of an organ) is...Ch. 26 - _____ 5. Pancreatic juice contains a. HCO3 and...Ch. 26 - _____ 6. Bile is transported through the a....Ch. 26 - _____ 7. Digestion of proteins begins in the a....Ch. 26 - Prob. 8DYBCh. 26 - _____ 9. Digestive enzymes that chemically digest...Ch. 26 - _____ 10. Most of the absorption of our digested...Ch. 26 - The GI tract from the esophagus to the anal canal...Ch. 26 - Discuss the reason why the involuntary sequence of...Ch. 26 - Prob. 13DYBCh. 26 - Compare the structure of the circular folds,...Ch. 26 - Discuss why the tunica mucosa in the colon has a...Ch. 26 - Prob. 16DYBCh. 26 - What is the role of the gallbladder in digestion?Ch. 26 - Describe the different forms of mechanical...Ch. 26 - Prob. 19DYBCh. 26 - How are lipids absorbed in the GI tract?Ch. 26 - Prob. 1CALCh. 26 - Prob. 2CALCh. 26 - What component of the digestive tract can you not...Ch. 26 - The pancreatic ducts are blocked with a thick,...Ch. 26 - Prob. 5CALCh. 26 - Alexandra experienced vomiting and diarrhea and...Ch. 26 - A key event in the chemical digestion processes...Ch. 26 - Most cases of colorectal cancer occur in the most...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Mr. Johnson has a gallstone (a stone) that completely obstructs the normal flow of bile and pancreatic juice into the duodenum. Explain how the digestion of carbohydrates (polysaccharides and disaccharides), lipids (triglycerides), proteins, and nucleic acids would be affected throughout the digestive tract, starting in the mouth and ending in the microvilli of the cells in the small intestine. Make one paragraph per molecule.arrow_forwardA patient presents with a rare disorder called Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome. The patient has developed tumors in the small intestine that release hormones that stimulate the stomach to synthesize and secrete large amounts of HCL. How would this disorder disrupt normal digestive enzyme functions?arrow_forwardMagnesium hydroxide and magnesium citrate function as mild laxatives when they reach the small intestine. Why do magnesium hydroxide and magnesium citrate, two very different substances, have the same effect in yoursmall intestine. (Hint: The contents of the small intestine are basic.)arrow_forward
- Determine the initial site of digestion (chemically) of the following:(1) Carbohydrates(2) Lipids(3) Proteinsarrow_forwardIn the intestine, the triacylglycerols must be converted to fatty acids and glycerol by hydrolytic enzymes before transport into enterocytes. Afterward, fatty acids and glycerol are reconverted into triacylglycerols and then packaged into chylomicrons. Suggest why this energy-requiring process is used instead of a direct transport of triacylglycerols into enterocytes.arrow_forwardWhat is the danger of excessive amount of cholesterol in bile? Explain why.arrow_forward
- Explain the role of bile salts in mechanical digestion of lipids and the role of pancreatic lipase in the chemical digestion of triglycerides.arrow_forwardIdentify the organs of the alimentary canal from the mouth to the anus and briefly state their function? Discuss the roles of the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder in digestion? Why is it important that chyme from the stomach is delivered to the small intestine slowly and in smallamounts?Why does the pancreas secrete some enzymes in their inactive forms, and where are these enzymes activated? Compare and contrast the digestion of the three macronutrients? (Carbs, fats, proteins)arrow_forwardThere are several processes that take place from the moment food enters our mouth until it is completely digested and used for energy. Using approximately 400-500 words, describe in detail and in order of process the mechanical (stomach and intestine)and chemical (gastric acid and enzymes) digestion of eating a grilled chicken sandwich with mayonnaise, lettuce, and tomatoes. Note what role the pancreas, gallbladder, and liver play in digestion of the ingredients? From what ingredients is your body deriving its energy and how many basic calories from the macronutrients ingested? Include at least two scholarly references (using APA formatting and style) to guide your answers (note that you can use your textbook as one of your references).arrow_forward
- On the histologic section of the glands stomach's fundus, relatively large electron-microscopically cells with acidophilic cytoplasm can be seen, and in these cells there is a complicated system of intracellular tubules. What component of gastric juice is formed due to the activity of these cells? Serotonin Mucus Gastrin O Hydrochloric acid Opepsinogenarrow_forwardIdentify the component of the GPAT (general plan of the alimentary tract) of the stomach Choose one from the following: (A) lamina propria (B) submucosa (C) muscularis mucosa (D) serosa (E) muscularis externaarrow_forwardWhen the duodenu is actively digesting food, the Sphincter of Oddi released both bile and pancreatic juice into the duodenum Between meals, when the Sphincter of Oddi is closed, an accessory pancreatic duct remains open, allowing a slow but continual flow of pancreatic juice into the duodenum between meals WHy must there be pancreatic juice in the duodenum even if no food is currently being digested? A- Even if there isnt chyme in the duodenum, stomahc acid might leak into the duodenum. the trypsin in pancreatic juice neutralizes that B- We eat a lot, so we're always digesting food in the duodenum C - the process of fat breakdown is slow, so lipids could stay in the duodenum for over a day, so we need a steady supply of pancreatic lipase. D- Even if there isn't chyme in the duodenum, stomach acid might leak into the duodenum. The bicarbonate in pancreatic juice neutralizes thatarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning
Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative a...NursingISBN:9781305964792Author:Wilburta Q. Lindh, Carol D. Tamparo, Barbara M. Dahl, Julie Morris, Cindy CorreaPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...
Biology
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative a...
Nursing
ISBN:9781305964792
Author:Wilburta Q. Lindh, Carol D. Tamparo, Barbara M. Dahl, Julie Morris, Cindy Correa
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Human digestive system - How it works! (Animation); Author: Thomas Schwenke;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X3TAROotFfM;License: Standard Youtube License