
Concept explainers
(a)
To explain: The process by which the result given in question is consistent with posttranscriptional modification of the AMPA receptor
Introduction:
The molecular method through which the cells make discrete changes to specific
(a)

Explanation of Solution
The complementary cDNA is formed from the mRNA by the process known as reverse transcription of DNA. Here, in this the
(b)
To explain: The reason for the different products that are formed from the edited and unedited
Introduction:
RNA editing means that editing events means insertion, deletion, and base substitution of nucleotides within the edited RNA molecule. Post transcriptional regulation stands for the regulation of gene expression at. It is the process in which primary transcript of RNA is converted into a mature RNA.
(b)

Explanation of Solution
The unedited mRNA sequence remains same that of DNA just thymine is replaced by uracil.
The unedited mRNA has the sequences (site of editing is indicated by
The annealing of primer 1 is shown as follows:
The cDNA is formed from right to left and is as follows:
The resulted cDNA is as follows:
The annealing of primer 2 is shown as follows:
The nucleotides are added to
The nineteen nucleotides are formed for unedited transcript. The
The edited bases are elongated by DNA polymerase and will terminate at consecutive T in cDNA. The newly formed DNA is marked and is as follows:
The DNA polymerase is elongated and the edited base stops at the next thymine residue and gives the product of 22 nucleotides.
(c)
To determine: The key weakness in the argument that the editing machinery consists of protein.
Introduction:
RNA editing means that editing events means insertion, deletion, and base substitution of nucleotides within the edited RNA molecule. Post transcriptional regulation stands for the regulation of gene expression at. It is the process in which primary transcript of RNA is converted into a mature RNA.
(c)

Explanation of Solution
To disrupt the protein function proteases and heat treatment methods are used, this will inhibit the editing event. Nucleases will act only on
This clash revels that the disrupting treatment of protein will not halt the process of editing. In the absence of enzyme, the process of editing and degradation of
(d)
To determine: The importance of using [α-32P] ATP rather than [β-32P] ATP or [γ-32P] ATP in the experiment.
Introduction:
RNA editing means that editing events means insertion, deletion, and base substitution of nucleotides within the edited RNA molecule. Post transcriptional regulation stands for the regulation of gene expression at. It is the process in which primary transcript of RNA is converted into a mature RNA.
(d)

Explanation of Solution
The alpha-phosphate of the nucleoside triphosphate is inserted into the polynucleotide. In this researchers have labeled added phosphates, then none product will have the radio labeled phosphate.
(e)
To determine: The importance of using [α-32P] ATP rather than [β-32P] GTP or [γ-32P] UTP in the experiment.
Introduction:
RNA editing means that editing events means insertion, deletion, and base substitution of nucleotides within the edited RNA molecule. Post transcriptional regulation stands for the regulation of gene expression at. It is the process in which primary transcript of RNA is converted into a mature RNA.
(e)

Explanation of Solution
In the given reaction it is clear that only one adenine residue is edited, so the fate of other adenine residues in the sequence will change and this will change the sequence of the whole strand. So, the adenine residue in sequence becomes important for further studies. These changes will help in understanding the importance of using [α-32P] ATP than [β-32P] GTP or [γ-32P].
(f)
To determine: The process by which the entire
Introduction:
RNA editing means that editing events means insertion, deletion, and base substitution of nucleotides within the edited RNA molecule. Post transcriptional regulation stands for the regulation of gene expression at. It is the process in which primary transcript of RNA is converted into a mature RNA.
(f)

Explanation of Solution
The ATP is only labeled, if the whole nucleotide were removed all type of radioactivity have been detached from the mRNA. Since, the unmodified AMP containing P32 is present in the chromatographic plate.
(g1)
To determine: The effect of result that exclude removal of the A base followed by replacement with I base as a mechanism of editing.
Introduction:
RNA editing means that editing events means insertion, deletion, and base substitution of nucleotides within the edited RNA molecule. Post transcriptional regulation stands for the regulation of gene expression at. It is the process in which primary transcript of RNA is converted into a mature RNA.
(g1)

Explanation of Solution
In the presence of AMP, if any base is replaced. This indicates that A has changed to I. This alteration occurs without the removal of
If the bases were removed or replaced then only AMP will appear but the presence of IMP indicates that base A is replaced with I base. This replacement takes place without the removal of hydrogen. So if A is not replaced by I then editing will not occur and AMP will not change in IMP.
(g2)
To determine: The mechanism behind the editing process in the replacement of
Introduction:
RNA editing means that editing events means insertion, deletion, and base substitution of nucleotides within the edited RNA molecule. Post transcriptional regulation stands for the regulation of gene expression at. It is the process in which primary transcript of RNA is converted into a mature RNA.
(g2)

Explanation of Solution
In the presence of AMP, if any base is replaced. This indicates that A has changed to I. This alteration occurs without the removal of
(h)
To determine: The change that occur in Gln to Arg in the protein sequences in the two forms of AMPA receptor.
Introduction:
RNA editing means that editing events means insertion, deletion, and base substitution of nucleotides within the edited RNA molecule. Post transcriptional regulation stands for the regulation of gene expression at. It is the process in which primary transcript of RNA is converted into a mature RNA.
(h)

Explanation of Solution
The codon that will change under this process is CAG. This CAG will convert into CIG. This codon is known as CGG.
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Chapter 26 Solutions
Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry 7E & SaplingPlus for Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry 7E (Six-Month Access)
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