Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133923001
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 25.3, Problem 1TC
With regard to water regulation (maintaining the proper amount of water in the body), how does the challenge faced by a freshwater fish differ from that faced by a saltwater fish?
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The bodily fluids of freshwater fish contain higher concentration of dissolved solids in their surroundings, so they tend to bloat (take in water) or lose electrolytes. How can freshwater fish avoid this? 1.) By drinking lots of water? 2.) By actively transporting ions out from the gills into the water? 3.) by excreting highly concentrated urine? 4.) by resorbing ions in nephrons
The process of managing internal water/solute balance is known as:
Hydrometering
Osmoregulation
Hydromation
Fluid dynamics
Aquamarine
How do the kidneys maintain blood pH?
Group of answer choices
by releasing buffers
by excreting H+ ions
by changing breathing rate
by excreting glucose
Which of the following signals the central nervous system to initiate urination?
Group of answer choices
Stretch sensors in the urinary bladder send out signals when it reaches a certain fullness
The excretory centre rhythmically signals the urinary bladder to contract
Stretch sensors in the kidneys send out signals when it reaches a certain fullness
Increased production of aldosterone signals the urinary bladder to contract
Chapter 25 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
Ch. 25.1 - describe the features that distinguish chordates...Ch. 25.2 - name and describe the chordates that are not...Ch. 25.2 - name and describe the craniates that are not...Ch. 25.2 - describe the key adaptations of vertebrates?Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 25.3 - Most sharks avoid humans, but large sharks of some...Ch. 25.3 - With regard to water regulation (maintaining the...Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 2TCCh. 25.3 - Consider the graph shown in Figure E25-2. Imagine...Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 4TC
Ch. 25.3 - describe the key features of lampreys,...Ch. 25.3 - name and describe the main subgroups included...Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 1CSRCh. 25 - The two groups of mammals with the largest number...Ch. 25 - Prob. 2MCCh. 25 - Prob. 3MCCh. 25 - Prob. 4MCCh. 25 - Prob. 5MCCh. 25 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 25 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 25 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 25 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 25 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 25 - Briefly describe each of the following...Ch. 25 - Prob. 2RQCh. 25 - List four distinguishing features of chordates.Ch. 25 - Prob. 4RQCh. 25 - List the adaptations that distinguish reptiles...Ch. 25 - Prob. 6RQCh. 25 - Prob. 7RQCh. 25 - Prob. 1ACCh. 25 - Prob. 2AC
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- The main function of the nephron loop is to: A. Eliminate acid B. Recover glucose and salt from the tubule fluid C. Create a high osmotic concentration in use extracellular fluid of the renal medulla allowing water recovery D. Secrete drugs scubas penicillin This is not and will not be gradedarrow_forwardAll of the following are functions of the mammalian kidney. Check all that would apply water reabsorption. filtration of blood. excretion of nitrogenous waste. regulation of salt balance in the blood. production of urea as a waste product of protein catabolism.arrow_forwardThe diagram below of part of a nephron shows some of the pressure gradients that are involved in the movement of fluids from blood to the glomerular filtrate within the Bowman's capsule. The numbers represent hydrostatic pressure in kPA. Afferent arteriole (9.32) Glomerulus Efferent arteriole (2.34) -Bowman's caps Colloid osmotic pressure of the plasma in the glomerular capillaries (4.26) Net fitration Distal convoluted Proximal convoluted tubule tubule (1.33)arrow_forward
- In general terms, explain the role in insects of the malpighian tubules and rectum in conserving water, ions, and amino acids and removing nitrogen waste.arrow_forwardDiscuss the contrasting osmotic problems faced by freshwater and marine teleost fish, and the mechanism by which these fish address these problems in order to remain in osmotic balance.arrow_forwardWhich of the following could cause an INCREASE in the concentrations of ions found in the blood? 1. The glomerulus (Bowman's capsule) filters more substances than it's supposed to 2. The nephron reduces the amount of substances allowed to leave 3. More water is reabsorbed in the urinary system than usual 4. The organism dramatically decreases the amount of water consumedarrow_forward
- Which of the following describes the countercurrent mechanism of the nephron loop? * Water moves in the ascending limb; sodium moves out of the ascending limb. Water moves out of the descending limb; sodium moves out of the ascending limb. Water moves in the descending limb; sodium moves out of the descending limb. Water moves in the ascending limb; sodium moves in the ascending limb. Water moves out of the ascending limb; sodium moves in the ascending limb.arrow_forwardWhat does the hormone ADH (vasopressin) do to the nephrons in the kidney? 1-ADH constricts the renal tubules so that less fluid is excreted 2-ADH results in dehydration of the arterial blood 3-ADH constricts the renal tubules so that more fluid is excreted 4-ADH results in the addition of aquaporins in cells at specific regions of the nephronarrow_forwardCompare and contrast ion and water balance in animals that use protonephridia, metanephridia, and kidneys. Which of the 6 functions of a vertebrate kidney are accomplished by each, and how do they achieve these functions?arrow_forward
- Define nitrogenous wastes, and list the main types produced in animals.What are some advantages and disadvantages of excreting differenttypes of nitrogenous wastes?arrow_forwardAn important function of the excretory system is to eliminate excess nitrogen produced by metabolic processes. Which of the following organisms excretes nitrogenous wastes as a precipitate, thus using very little water?a. frogb. rabbitc. pigeond. camelarrow_forwardExplain the challenges that insects have to overcome to maintain ion and water balance. Describe the structures used by insects that help them do this.arrow_forward
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