Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 25, Problem 6E
Explain why the abundances of heavy elements in stars correlate with their positions in the Galaxy.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Globular clusters contain no stars more massive than the Sun. Which of the following seems like the least reasonable implication of this observation?
Group of answer choices
Globular clusters are very old.
Globular clusters are very young.
Only the low-mass stars are still "alive" in the clusters.
Many red giants can probably be found in globular clusters.
The very massive stars in the globular clusters have already burnt out.
If the RR Lyrae stars in a globular cluster have average apparent magnitudes of +19, how far away (in pc) is the cluster? (Hints: See the following figure, and use the magnitude-distance formula: d = 10(mv - My+5)/5.)
Туре
(Classical)
Cepheids
104
103
Туре II
Cepheids
102
RR Lyrae stars
0.3
1
10
30
100
Pulsation perlod (days)
pc
Absolute magnitude
Luminosity, L L.
QUESTION 16
Use the figure shown below to complete the following statement: A low-mass protostar (0.5 to 8M the mass compared to our sun) remains roughly constant in
decreases in
until it makes a turn towards the main sequence, as it follows its evolutionary track.
Protostars of different masses follow diferent
paths on their way to the main sequence.
107
Luminosity (L)
10
105
10
107
10²
101
1
10-1
10-2
10-3
Spectral
type
0.01 R
0.001
Re
60 M
MAIN SEQUENCE
40,000 30,000
20 Mau
10 Mgun
5 Mun
0.1 Run
Ren
radius; temperature
luminosity; radius
3 Min.
05 BO
temperature; luminosity
Oluminosity: temperature
radius: luminosity
1 M
10,000 6000
Surlace temperature (K)
1,000 Rs
2 M STAR
L
0.8 M
B5 AO FOGO КБ МБ
-10
+10
3000
Absolute visual magnitude
and
Chapter 25 Solutions
Astronomy
Ch. 25 - Explain why we see the Milky Way as a faint band...Ch. 25 - Explain where in a spiral galaxy you would expect...Ch. 25 - Describe several characteristics that distinguish...Ch. 25 - Briefly describe the main parts of our Galaxy.Ch. 25 - Describe the evidence indicating that a black hole...Ch. 25 - Explain why the abundances of heavy elements in...Ch. 25 - What will be the long-term future of our Galaxy?Ch. 25 - Suppose the Milky Way was a band of light...Ch. 25 - Suppose somebody proposed that rather than...Ch. 25 - The globular clusters revolve around the Galaxy in...
Ch. 25 - Shapley used the positions of globular clusters to...Ch. 25 - Consider the following five kinds of objects: open...Ch. 25 - The dwarf galaxy in Sagittarius is the one closest...Ch. 25 - Suppose three stars lie in the disk of the Galaxy...Ch. 25 - Why does star formation occur primarily in the...Ch. 25 - Where in the Galaxy would you expect to find Type...Ch. 25 - Suppose that stars evolved without losing...Ch. 25 - Assume that the Sun orbits the center of the...Ch. 25 - The Sun orbits the center of the Galaxy in 225...Ch. 25 - Suppose the Sun orbited a little farther out, but...Ch. 25 - We have said that the Galaxy rotates...Ch. 25 - If our solar system is 4.6 billion years old, how...Ch. 25 - Suppose the average mass of a star in the Galaxy...Ch. 25 - The first clue that the Galaxy contains a lot of...Ch. 25 - The best evidence for a black hole at the center...Ch. 25 - The next step in deciding whether the object in...Ch. 25 - Suppose the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy merges...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Describe what a typical star in the Galaxy would be like compared to the Sun.arrow_forwardConsider the following five kinds of objects: open cluster, giant molecular cloud, globular cluster, group of O and B stars, and planetary nebulae. A. Which occur only in spiral arms? B. Which occur only in the parts of the Galaxy other than the spiral arms? C. Which are thought to be very young? D. Which are thought to be very old? E. Which have the hottest stars?arrow_forwardYou have discovered two star clusters. The first cluster contains mainly main-sequence stars, along with some red giant stars and a few white dwarfs. The second cluster also contains mainly main-sequence stars, along with some red giant stars, and a few neutron stars-but no white dwarf stars. What are the relative ages of the clusters? How did you determine your answer?arrow_forward
- Can you please help with Part 2 of 2? Thank you.arrow_forwardQuestion 41 .Suppose you are looking at H-R diagrams of two similar star clusters. The most luminous main sequence stars in the Porcini cluster are much more luminous than the most luminous main sequence stars in the Morel cluster. What can you conclude? O the Porcini cluster is younger than the Morel cluster O the Porcini cluster is farther away than the Morel cluster O the Porcini cluster is lower in metallicity than the Morel cluster O the Porcini cluster is larger in diameter than the Morel clusterarrow_forwardLooking for ___ pcarrow_forward
- You observe the H-beta line of Hydrogen in a distant galaxy to have a wavelength of 558.9 nm. What is the radial velocity of the galaxy?arrow_forwardYou observe the H-alpha line of Hydrogen in a distant galaxy to have a wavelength of 918.4 nm. What is the radial velocity of the galaxy?arrow_forwardMost stars (Main sequence) generate light through the same mechanism. Because of this, there is an empirical relation between their mass, M, and their Luminosity, L. This relation could be written in the form L/Lsun = (M/Msun, This relation is shown in the log-log diagram below. Find the value of a and round it to the nearest integer. 10 104 102 10-2 10-4 0.1 1.0 2.0 0.2 0.5 5.0 10.0 20.0 Mam (solar masses) Luminosty (solar units)arrow_forward
- Figure 20.2 shows a reddish glow around the star Antares, and yet the caption says that is a dust cloud. What observations would you make to determine whether the red glow is actually produced by dust or whether it is produced by an H II region? Figure 20.2 Various Types of Interstellar Matter. The reddish nebulae in this spectacular photograph glow with light emitted by hydrogen atoms. The darkest areas are clouds of dust that block the light from stars behind them. The upper part of the picture is filled with the bluish glow of light reflected from hot stars embedded in the outskirts of a huge, cool cloud of dust and gas. The cool supergiant star Antares can be seen as a big, reddish patch in the lower-left part of the picture. The star is shedding some of its outer atmosphere and is surrounded by a cloud of its own making that reflects the red light of the star. The red nebula in the middle right partially surrounds the star Sigma Scorpii. (To the right of Antares, you can see M4, a much more distant cluster of extremely old stars.) (credit: modification of work by ESO/Digitized Sky Survey 2)arrow_forwardExplain how an HR diagram of the stars in a cluster can be used to determine the age of the cluster.arrow_forwardIn which of these star groups would you mostly likely find the least heavy-element abundance for the stars within them: open clusters, globular clusters, or associations?arrow_forward
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