Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305960060
Author: Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. Hansen
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Question
Chapter 25, Problem 25.45E
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The reason as to why the reaction (b) is not used as a buffer system in the human body is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
A buffer system refers to a solution that could withstand
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Students have asked these similar questions
The bicarbonate buffering system in the blood can be represented as:
CO2 (g) + H2O (l) <->HCO3 ̄ ((aq) + H3O+ (aq)
a) Where will the equilibrium shift when a person hypoventilates?
b) Where will the equilibrium shift when a person hyperventilates?
(a) What happens when NaOH is added to a buffer composed of CH3COOH andCH3COO-?(b) What happens when HCl is added to this buffer?
Which, if any, of the following aqueous mixtures would be buffer systems?
(1) H2SO4, NAOH
(2) H2CO3 , KHCO3
Chapter 25 Solutions
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry
Ch. 25 - Prob. 25.1ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.2ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.3ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.4ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.5ECh. 25 - What is the principal anion found in the...Ch. 25 - Prob. 25.7ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.8ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.9ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.10E
Ch. 25 - What term is given to the reversible flow of...Ch. 25 - Prob. 25.12ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.13ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.14ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.15ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.16ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.17ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.18ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.19ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.20ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.21ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.22ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.23ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.24ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.25ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.26ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.27ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.28ECh. 25 - Hemoglobin (HHb) is a weak acid that forms the Hb...Ch. 25 - Prob. 25.30ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.31ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.32ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.33ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.34ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.35ECh. 25 - What ionic shift maintains electron charge balance...Ch. 25 - Prob. 25.37ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.38ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.39ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.40ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.41ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.42ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.43ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.44ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.45ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.46ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.47ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.48ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.49ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.50ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.51ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.52ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.53ECh. 25 - Explain how uncontrolled diarrhea can lead to...Ch. 25 - Prob. 25.55ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.56ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.57ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.58ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.59ECh. 25 - The liquid portion of the blood is called: a....Ch. 25 - Prob. 25.61ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.62ECh. 25 - The hormone most responsible for the renal...Ch. 25 - Prob. 25.64ECh. 25 - Prob. 25.65E
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- Write the chemical equation and the expression for the equilibrium constant, and calculate Kb for the reaction of each of the following ions as a base. (a) sulfate ion (b) citrate ionarrow_forwardWhat happens when HCI is added to a buffer composed of CH3COOH and CH3COO-? (A) There is no reaction because CH3COO- and CH3COO- form a buffer. (B) The HCI reacts with CH3COO¯ converting some of it into CH3COOH. (C) The HCI reacts with CH3COOH converting some of it into CH3COO-. (D) The HCI is neutralized and all concentrations (CH3COOH and CH3COO-) remain unchanged. (E) Ka for acetic acid goes down.arrow_forwardHow does NaC2H3O2 act as a buffer?arrow_forward
- If the concentration of an acid in solution is 2.3 times larger than the concentration of its conjugate base, and the pH of the solution is 4.9, what is the pKa of the acid?arrow_forwardPatient 1 comes into the ER is found to have a blood pH of 7.2. Is the patient suffering acidosis or alkalsis (basic pH)? Would the patient want to breathe faster or slower? Consider the bicarbonate buffer system in the blood. H2O + CO2 → H2CO3 ↔ HCO3- + H+arrow_forwardThe value of Ka for acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), HC9H704, is 3.00×10-4. Write the equation for the reaction that goes with this equilibrium constant. (Use H30+ instead of H+.) + ? +arrow_forward
- The concentration of acetylcholine (a neurotransmitter) in a sample can be determined from the pH changes that accompany its hydrolysis. When the sample is incubated with the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, acetylcholine is converted to choline and acetic acid, which dissociates to yield acetate and a hydrogen ion. CНз CHз Нао — сHz— CH "N— снз но-сн— сH,-"N-CH; + CH;— с-о+ н* CH3-C-0- сHз CHз Choline Acetylcholine Acetate In a typical analysis, 11 mL of an aqueous solution containing an unknown amount of acetylcholine had a pH of 7.70. When incubated with acetylcholinesterase, the pH of the solution decreased to 6.89. Assuming there was no buffer in the assay mixture, determine the number of moles of acetylcholine in the 11 mL sample.arrow_forward"Calcium ions/oxalic acid equilibrium in the kidney" Base on the above statement, give an equilibrium related to that and answer the following questions: What is the K value of the equilibrium if it is available. Base on Le Chatelier's principle, when will that equilibrium will not meet and what negative effects will happen when the equilibrium is not met. Suggest the preventive measures that can be taken to avoid negative effects whem the equilbrium is not met.arrow_forwardExplain how the H2CO3/HCO3 buffer system helps maintain blood serum at constant pH with the help of chemical equations. At what pH is it most effective?arrow_forward
- For conjugate acidbase pairs, how are Ka and Kb related? Consider the reaction of acetic acid in water CH3CO2H(aq)+H2O(l)CH3CO2(aq)+H3O+(aq) where Ka = 1.8 105 a. Which two bases are competing for the proton? b. Which is the stronger base? c. In light of your answer to part b. why do we classify the acetate ion (CH3CO2) as a weak base? Use an appropriate reaction to justify your answer. In general, as base strength increases, conjugate acid strength decreases. Explain why the conjugate acid of the weak base NH3 is a weak acid. To summarize, the conjugate base of a weak acid is a weak base and the conjugate acid of a weak base is a weak acid (weak gives you weak). Assuming Ka for a monoprotic strong acid is 1 106, calculate Kb for the conjugate base of this strong acid. Why do conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties in water? List the conjugate bases of the six common strong acids. To tie it all together, some instructors have students think of Li+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ as the conjugate acids of the strong bases LiOH, KOH. RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, and Ba(OH)2. Although not technically correct, the conjugate acid strength of these cations is similar to the conjugate base strength of the strong acids. That is, these cations have no acidic properties in water; similarly, the conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties (strong gives you worthless). Fill in the blanks with the correct response. The conjugate base of a weak acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a weak base is a_____acid. The conjugate base of a strong acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a strong base is a_____ acid. (Hint: Weak gives you weak and strong gives you worthless.)arrow_forwardIdentify the two active species in each of the following buffer systems. a. HCN and KCN b. H3PO4 and NaH2PO4 c. H2CO3 and KHCO3 d. NaHCO3 and K2CO3arrow_forwardMagnesium hydroxide and magnesium citrate function as mild laxatives when they reach the small intestine. Why do magnesium hydroxide and magnesium citrate, two very different substances, have the same effect in your small intestine. (Hint: The contents of the small intestine are basic.)arrow_forward
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