Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337399074
Author: John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 2.5, Problem 2.4CYU
Give the number and identity of the constituent ions in each of the following ionic compounds; NaF, Cu(NO3)2 and NaCH3 CO2.
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You have now performed a liquid-liquid extraction protocol in Experiment 4. In doing so, you
manipulated and exploited the acid-base chemistry of one or more of the compounds in your
mixture to facilitate their separation into different phases. The key to understanding how liquid-
liquid extractions work is by knowing which layer a compound is in, and in what protonation state.
The following liquid-liquid extraction is different from the one you performed in Experiment
4, but it uses the same type of logic. Your task is to show how to separate apart Compound
A and Compound B.
. Complete the following flowchart of a liquid-liquid extraction. Handwritten work is
encouraged.
•
Draw by hand (neatly) only the appropriate organic compound(s) in the boxes.
.
Specify the reagent(s)/chemicals (name is fine) and concentration as required in Boxes 4
and 5.
•
Box 7a requires the solvent (name is fine).
•
Box 7b requires one inorganic compound.
• You can neatly complete this assignment by hand and…
b) Elucidate compound D w) mt at 170 nd shows c-1 stretch at 550cm;'
The compound has the ff electronic transitions: 0%o* and no a*
1H NMR Spectrum
(CDCl3, 400 MHz)
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5 ppm
13C{H} NMR Spectrum
(CDCl3, 100 MHz)
Solvent
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0 ppm
ppm
¹H-13C me-HSQC Spectrum
ppm
(CDCl3, 400 MHz)
5
¹H-¹H COSY Spectrum
(CDCl3, 400 MHz)
0.5
10
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5 1.0
10
15
20
20
25
30
30
-35
-1.0
1.5
-2.0
-2.5
3.0
-3.5
0.5
ppm
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
ppm
Show work with explanation. don't give Ai generated solution
Chapter 2 Solutions
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Ch. 2.1 - 1. What is the mass of an iron atom with 30...Ch. 2.2 - Verify that the atomic weight of chlorine is...Ch. 2.2 - Neon has three stable isotopes, one with a small...Ch. 2.5 - Give the number and identity of the constituent...Ch. 2.5 - (a) Write the formulas of all neutral ionic...Ch. 2.6 - What mass of gold, Au, contains 2.6 1024 atoms?Ch. 2.6 - If you have 454 g of citric acid (H3C6H5O7), what...Ch. 2.7 - 1. Express the composition of ammonium carbonate,...Ch. 2.7 - 1. What is the empirical formula of naphthalene,...Ch. 2.7 - Gallium oxide, GaxOy forms when gallium is combine...
Ch. 2.7 - Hydrated nickel(II) chloride is a beautiful green,...Ch. 2.8 - Prob. 2.12CYUCh. 2.8 - Prob. 1.1ACPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 1.2ACPCh. 2.8 - Prob. 2.1ACPCh. 2.8 - Salvarsan was long thought to be a single...Ch. 2.8 - To determine the density of atmospheric nitrogen....Ch. 2.8 - The density of a mixture of gases may be...Ch. 2.8 - Atmospheric argon is a mixture of three stable...Ch. 2.8 - Given that the density of argon is 1.78 g/L under...Ch. 2 - Prob. 1PSCh. 2 - Define mass number. What is the difference between...Ch. 2 - An atom has a very small nucleus surrounded by an...Ch. 2 - A gold atom has a radius of 145 pm. If you could...Ch. 2 - Give the complete symbol(ZAX), including atomic...Ch. 2 - Give the complete symbol(ZAX), including atomic...Ch. 2 - Prob. 7PSCh. 2 - Atomic structure. (a) The synthetic radioactive...Ch. 2 - Prob. 9PSCh. 2 - In 1886 Eugene Goldstein observed positively...Ch. 2 - Marie Curie was born in Poland but studied and...Ch. 2 - Prob. 12PSCh. 2 - The mass of an 16 O atom is 15.995 u. What is its...Ch. 2 - What is the mass of one 16O atom, in grams? (The...Ch. 2 - Cobalt has three radioactive isotopes used in...Ch. 2 - Naturally occurring silver exists as two isotopes...Ch. 2 - Name and describe the composition of the three...Ch. 2 - Which of the following are isotopes of element X,...Ch. 2 - Thallium has two stable isotopes, 203TIand 205Tl....Ch. 2 - Strontium has four stable isotopes. Strontium-84...Ch. 2 - Verify that the atomic weight of lithium is 6.94,...Ch. 2 - Verify that the atomic weight of magnesium is...Ch. 2 - Gallium has two naturally occurring isotopes, 69Ga...Ch. 2 - Europium has two stable isotopes, 151Eu and 153Eu,...Ch. 2 - Titanium and thallium have symbols that are easily...Ch. 2 - In Groups 4A-6A, there are several elements whose...Ch. 2 - How many periods of the periodic table have 8...Ch. 2 - Prob. 28PSCh. 2 - Prob. 29PSCh. 2 - Prob. 30PSCh. 2 - Classify the following elements as metals,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 32PSCh. 2 - Prob. 33PSCh. 2 - Prob. 34PSCh. 2 - What is the charge on the common monatomic ions of...Ch. 2 - What is the charge on the common monatomic ions of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 37PSCh. 2 - Prob. 38PSCh. 2 - When a potassium atom becomes a monatomic ion, how...Ch. 2 - When oxygen and sulfur atoms become monatomic...Ch. 2 - Prob. 41PSCh. 2 - Prob. 42PSCh. 2 - Give the formula and the number of each ion that...Ch. 2 - Give the formula and the number of each ion that...Ch. 2 - Prob. 45PSCh. 2 - Prob. 46PSCh. 2 - Prob. 47PSCh. 2 - Prob. 48PSCh. 2 - Prob. 49PSCh. 2 - Prob. 50PSCh. 2 - Prob. 51PSCh. 2 - Prob. 52PSCh. 2 - Write the formulas for the four ionic compounds...Ch. 2 - Write the formulas for the four ionic compounds...Ch. 2 - Sodium ions, Na+, form ionic compounds with...Ch. 2 - Consider the two ionic compounds NaCl and CaO. In...Ch. 2 - Prob. 57PSCh. 2 - Name each of the following binary, nonionic...Ch. 2 - Prob. 59PSCh. 2 - Prob. 60PSCh. 2 - Calculate the mass, in grams, of each the...Ch. 2 - Calculate the mass, in grams, of each the...Ch. 2 - Calculate the amount (moles) represented by each...Ch. 2 - Calculate the amount (moles) represented by each...Ch. 2 - You are given 1.0-g samples of He, Fe, Li, Si, and...Ch. 2 - You are given 0.10-g samples of K, Mo, Cr, and Al....Ch. 2 - Analysis of a 10.0-g sample of apatite (a major...Ch. 2 - A semiconducting material is composed of 52 g of...Ch. 2 - Calculate the molar mass of each of the following...Ch. 2 - Calculate the molar mass of each of the following...Ch. 2 - Calculate the molar mass of each hydrated...Ch. 2 - Prob. 72PSCh. 2 - What mass is represented by 0.0255 mol of each of...Ch. 2 - Assume you have 0.123 mol of each of the following...Ch. 2 - Sulfur trioxide, SO3, is made industrially in...Ch. 2 - How many ammonium ions and how many sulfate ions...Ch. 2 - Acetaminophen, whose structure is drawn below, is...Ch. 2 - An Alka-Seltzer tablet contains 324 mg of aspirin...Ch. 2 - Calculate the mass percent of each element in the...Ch. 2 - Calculate the mass percent of each element in the...Ch. 2 - Calculate the mass percent of copper in CuS,...Ch. 2 - Calculate the mass percent of titanium in the...Ch. 2 - Succinic acid occurs in fungi and lichens. Its...Ch. 2 - An organic compound has the empirical formula...Ch. 2 - Prob. 85PSCh. 2 - Complete the following table:Ch. 2 - Acetylene is a colorless gas used as a fuel in...Ch. 2 - A large family of boron-hydrogen compounds has the...Ch. 2 - Cumene, a hydrocarbon, is a compound composed only...Ch. 2 - In 2006, a Russian team discovered an interesting...Ch. 2 - Mandelic acid is an organic acid composed of...Ch. 2 - Nicotine, a poisonous compound found in tobacco...Ch. 2 - A compound containing xenon and fluorine was...Ch. 2 - Elemental sulfur (1.256 g) is combined with...Ch. 2 - Epsom salt is used in tanning leather and in...Ch. 2 - You combine 1.25 g of germanium, Ge, with excess...Ch. 2 - The mass spectrum of nitrogen dioxide is...Ch. 2 - The mass spectrum of phosphoryl chloride. POF3, is...Ch. 2 - The mass spectrum of CH3Cl is illustrated here....Ch. 2 - Prob. 100PSCh. 2 - Fill in the blanks in the table (one column per...Ch. 2 - Potassium has three naturally occurring isotopes...Ch. 2 - Crossword Puzzle: In the 2 2 box shown here, each...Ch. 2 - The following chart shows a general decline in...Ch. 2 - Copper atoms. (a) What is the average mass of one...Ch. 2 - Prob. 106GQCh. 2 - Prob. 107GQCh. 2 - Identify two nonmetallic elements that have...Ch. 2 - Prob. 109GQCh. 2 - Prob. 110GQCh. 2 - Prob. 111GQCh. 2 - When a sample of phosphorus burns in air, the...Ch. 2 - Although carbon-12 is now used as the standard for...Ch. 2 - A reagent occasionally used in chemical synthesis...Ch. 2 - Prob. 115GQCh. 2 - Prob. 116GQCh. 2 - Which of the following compounds has the highest...Ch. 2 - Which of the following samples has the largest...Ch. 2 - The structure of one of the bases in DNA, adenine,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 120GQCh. 2 - A drop of water has a volume of about 0.050 mL....Ch. 2 - Capsaicin, the compound that gives the hot taste...Ch. 2 - Prob. 123GQCh. 2 - Write the molecular formula and calculate the...Ch. 2 - Malic acid, an organic acid found in apples,...Ch. 2 - Your doctor has diagnosed you as being anemicthat...Ch. 2 - A compound composed of iron and carbon monoxide,...Ch. 2 - Ma huang, an extract from the ephedra species of...Ch. 2 - Saccharin, a molecular model of which is shown...Ch. 2 - Prob. 130GQCh. 2 - Write the formula for each of the following pounds...Ch. 2 - Complete the table by placing symbols, formulas,...Ch. 2 - Empirical and molecular formulas. (a)...Ch. 2 - Cacodyl, a compound containing arsenic, was...Ch. 2 - The action of bacteria on meat and fish produces a...Ch. 2 - In the laboratory you combine 0.125 g of nickel...Ch. 2 - A compound called MMT was once used to boost the...Ch. 2 - Elemental phosphorus is made by heating calcium...Ch. 2 - Chromium is obtained by heating chromium(III)...Ch. 2 - Stibnite, Sb2S3, is a dark gray mineral from which...Ch. 2 - Direct reaction of iodine (I2) and chlorine (Cl2)...Ch. 2 - In a reaction, 2.04 g of vanadium combined with...Ch. 2 - Iron pyrite, often called fools gold, has the...Ch. 2 - Which of the following statements about 57.1 g of...Ch. 2 - The formula of barium molybdate is BaMoO4. Which...Ch. 2 - A metal M forms a compound with the formula MCl4....Ch. 2 - Pepto-Bismol, which can help provide relief for an...Ch. 2 - The weight percent of oxygen in an oxide that has...Ch. 2 - The mass of 2.50 mol of a compound with the...Ch. 2 - The elements A and Z combine to produce two...Ch. 2 - Polystyrene can be prepared by heating styrene...Ch. 2 - A sample of hemoglobin is found to be 0.335% iron....Ch. 2 - Consider an atom of 64Zn. (a) Calculate the...Ch. 2 - Estimating the radius of a lead atom. (a) You are...Ch. 2 - A piece of nickel foil, 0.550 mm thick and 1.25 cm...Ch. 2 - Uranium is used as a fuel, primarily in the form...Ch. 2 - In an experiment, you need 0.125 mol of sodium...Ch. 2 - Mass spectrometric analysis showed that there are...Ch. 2 - If Epsom salt, MgSO4 x H2O, is heated to 250 C,...Ch. 2 - The alum used in cooking is potassium aluminum...Ch. 2 - Tin metal (Sn) and purple iodine (I2) combine to...Ch. 2 - When analyzed, an unknown compound gave these...Ch. 2 - Two general chemistry students working together in...Ch. 2 - To find the empirical formula of tin oxide, you...Ch. 2 - Prob. 165SCQCh. 2 - Prob. 166SCQCh. 2 - The photo here depicts what happens when a coil of...Ch. 2 - A jar contains some number of jelly beans. To find...
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- Redraw the flowchartarrow_forwardredraw the flowchart with boxes and molecules written in themarrow_forwardPart I. a) Elucidate the structure of compound A using the following information. • mass spectrum: m+ = 102, m/2=57 312=29 • IR spectrum: 1002.5 % TRANSMITTANCE Ngg 50 40 30 20 90 80 70 60 MICRONS 5 8 9 10 12 13 14 15 16 19 1740 cm M 10 0 4000 3600 3200 2800 2400 2000 1800 1600 13 • CNMR 'H -NMR Peak 8 ppm (H) Integration multiplicity a 1.5 (3H) triplet b 1.3 1.5 (3H) triplet C 2.3 1 (2H) quartet d 4.1 1 (2H) quartet & ppm (c) 10 15 28 60 177 (C=0) b) Elucidate the structure of compound B using the following information 13C/DEPT NMR 150.9 MHz IIL 1400 WAVENUMBERS (CM-1) DEPT-90 DEPT-135 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 ppm 1200 1000 800 600 400arrow_forward
- • Part II. a) Elucidate The structure of compound c w/ molecular formula C10 11202 and the following data below: • IR spectra % TRANSMITTANCE 1002.5 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 4000 3600 3200 2800 2400 2000 1800 1600 • Information from 'HAMR MICRONS 8 9 10 11 14 15 16 19 25 1400 WAVENUMBERS (CM-1) 1200 1000 800 600 400 peak 8 ppm Integration multiplicity a 2.1 1.5 (3H) Singlet b 3.6 1 (2H) singlet с 3.8 1.5 (3H) Singlet d 6.8 1(2H) doublet 7.1 1(2H) doublet Information from 13C-nmR Normal carbon 29ppm Dept 135 Dept -90 + NO peak NO peak 50 ppm 55 ppm + NO peak 114 ppm t 126 ppm No peak NO peak 130 ppm t + 159 ppm No peak NO peak 207 ppm по реак NO peakarrow_forwardCould you redraw these and also explain how to solve them for me pleasarrow_forwardNonearrow_forward
- Draw the curved-arrow mechanism with the drawings of the molecules, not just abbreviations. -NO₂ Sn, HCl (aq) E D H (CH3CO)₂O -NH2 CH3arrow_forwardWhat is/are the product(s) of the following reaction? Select all that apply. * HI A B C OD OH A B OH D Carrow_forwardIn the image, the light blue sphere represents a mole of hydrogen atoms, the purple or teal spheres represent a mole of a conjugate base. A light blue sphere by itself is H+. Assuming there is 2.00 L of solution, answer the following: The Ka of the left & right solution is? The pH of the left & right solution is? The acid on the left & right is what kind of acid?arrow_forward
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