
Introduction:
Testosterone and estrogen are examples of steroid hormones. The majority of steroid hormones are synthesized from cholesterol. Steroid hormones can easily cross the cell membrane without the involvement of secondary messenger.

Answer to Problem 1MCQ
Correct answer:
The effect of the water-soluble peptide hormone such as insulin is quicker than that of the steroid hormone such as estrogen because steroid hormones either stimulate or inhibit the process of protein synthesis which takes time. Hence, the correct answer is option b.
Explanation of Solution
Reason for correct answer:
Option b. is given as, “steroid hormones stimulate or inhibit protein synthesis, which takes time.”
Most of the steroid hormones are lipid soluble and are derived from cholesterol. The effect of water-soluble peptide hormones is quicker as compared to steroid hormones because the steroid hormones enter the nucleus and bind to a membrane receptor which is associated with the DNA. The hormone either stimulates or inhibits the process of protein synthesis. The response of steroid is slower as compared to water-soluble hormone because new proteins are needed to be produced prior to the effect of the hormone.
Reason for incorrect answer:
Option a. is given as, “peptide hormones are synthesized within target cells, whereas steroid hormones must travel to target cells.”
Steroid hormones need to travel to target cells, but they cannot show their effect till new proteins are produced or stopped. Hence, option a. is incorrect.
Option c. is given as, “steroid hormones cannot pass through the cell membrane.”
Steroid hormones can easily cross the cell membrane as they are lipid soluble and do not require the help of a secondary messenger. Hence, option c. is incorrect.
Option d. is given as, “All of these are correct.”
Steroid hormones either stimulate or inhibit the process of protein synthesis prior to their effect on the target cell. Hence, option d. is incorrect.
Hence, the options a., c., and d. are incorrect.
Steroid hormones response is slower as compared to water-soluble peptide hormones because these hormones either stimulate or inhibit the process of protein synthesis prior to their effect on the target cell. Thus, the correct option is b.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 25 Solutions
Biology: The Essentials
- You intend to insert patched dominant negative DNA into the left half of the neural tube of a chick. 1) Which side of the neural tube would you put the positive electrode to ensure that the DNA ends up on the left side? 2) What would be the internal (within the embryo) control for this experiment? 3) How can you be sure that the electroporation method itself is not impacting the embryo? 4) What would you do to ensure that the electroporation is working? How can you tell?arrow_forwardDescribe a method to document the diffusion path and gradient of Sonic Hedgehog through the chicken embryo. If modifying the protein, what is one thing you have to consider in regards to maintaining the protein’s function?arrow_forwardThe following table is from Kumar et. al. Highly Selective Dopamine D3 Receptor (DR) Antagonists and Partial Agonists Based on Eticlopride and the D3R Crystal Structure: New Leads for Opioid Dependence Treatment. J. Med Chem 2016.arrow_forward
- The following figure is from Caterina et al. The capsaicin receptor: a heat activated ion channel in the pain pathway. Nature, 1997. Black boxes indicate capsaicin, white circles indicate resinferatoxin. You are a chef in a fancy new science-themed restaurant. You have a recipe that calls for 1 teaspoon of resinferatoxin, but you feel uncomfortable serving foods with "toxins" in them. How much capsaicin could you substitute instead?arrow_forwardWhat protein is necessary for packaging acetylcholine into synaptic vesicles?arrow_forward1. Match each vocabulary term to its best descriptor A. affinity B. efficacy C. inert D. mimic E. how drugs move through body F. how drugs bind Kd Bmax Agonist Antagonist Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamicsarrow_forward
- 50 mg dose of a drug is given orally to a patient. The bioavailability of the drug is 0.2. What is the volume of distribution of the drug if the plasma concentration is 1 mg/L? Be sure to provide units.arrow_forwardDetermine Kd and Bmax from the following Scatchard plot. Make sure to include units.arrow_forwardChoose a catecholamine neurotransmitter and describe/draw the components of the synapse important for its signaling including synthesis, packaging into vesicles, receptors, transporters/degradative enzymes. Describe 2 drugs that can act on this system.arrow_forward
- The following figure is from Caterina et al. The capsaicin receptor: a heat activated ion channel in the pain pathway. Nature, 1997. Black boxes indicate capsaicin, white circles indicate resinferatoxin. a) Which has a higher potency? b) Which is has a higher efficacy? c) What is the approximate Kd of capsaicin in uM? (you can round to the nearest power of 10)arrow_forwardWhat is the rate-limiting-step for serotonin synthesis?arrow_forwardWhat enzyme is necessary for synthesis of all of the monoamines?arrow_forward
- Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage LearningConcepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax College
- Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxHuman Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning





