Concept explainers
To determine: The base to which the modified cytosine pairs.
Concept introduction: A base analogue is a chemical that has a similar structure of either a purine or a pyrimidine. Hydroxylamine (NH2OH) is an inorganic chemical that is capable of inducing transition mutation in the DNA structure. One such mutagenic effect converts cytosine to a modified cytosine, which pairs with adenine rather than pairing with guanine. This is an example for transition mutation.
To explain: Whether a modified cytosine base-pair addition generates transition or transversion mutation.
Concept introduction: A base analogue is a chemical which has a similar structure to that of either a purine or a pyrimidine. Hydroxylamine (NH2OH) is an inorganic chemical that is capable of inducing transition mutation in the DNA structure. One such mutagenic effect converts the cytosine to a modified cytosine, which pair with adenine rather than pairing with guanine. This is an example for transition mutation.
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Chapter 25 Solutions
FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOCHEMISTRY - LL FD
- From the reaction data below, determine whether the reaction is first order or second order and calculate the rate constant. Time (s) 0 Reactant (mM) 6.2 1 3.1 2 2.1 3 1.6 4 1.3 5 1.1 Only a plot of 1/[reactant] versus t gives a straight line, so the reaction is 0.150 mM-1 s-1 . S second order . The slope, k, isarrow_forwardFrom the reaction data below, determine whether the reaction is first order or second order and calculate the rate constant. Time (s) 0 Reactant (mM) 5.4 1 4.6 2 3.9 3 3.2 4 2.7 5 2.3 Only a plot of In[reactant] versus t gives a straight line, so the reaction is s-1. . The negative of the slope, k, isarrow_forwardA protein has a molecular mass of 400 kDa when measured by size-exclusion chromatography. When subjected to gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), the protein gives three bands with molecular masses of 180, 160, and 60 kDa. When electrophoresis is carried out in the presence of SDS and dithiothreitol (DTT), three bands again form, this time with molecular masses of 160, 90, and 60 kDa. How many subunits does the protein have, and what is the molecular mass of each? four subunits: 180, 160, 90, and 60 kDa three subunits: 180, 160, and 60 kDa three subunits: 160, 90, and 60 kDa four subunits: 160, 90, 90, and 60 kDa Correct Answerarrow_forward
- Calculate KM and Vmax from the following data: KM= i Vmax [S] (μM) vo (mM.s-¹) 0.1 0.34 0.2 0.53 0.4 0.74 0.8 0.91 1.6 1.04 μM mM s-1arrow_forwardPropose a detailed chemical mechanism for the enzyme catalyzed reaction below and briefly note similarities, if any, to enzymes that we've studied. CO2 + CO2 2 CO2 HO CH3arrow_forwardState and describe the four stages of protein formation, please include the types of bonds at each stage.arrow_forward
- Please state and describe the four different types of non-covalent interactions.arrow_forwardPls help with these three questionsarrow_forward11. Which of the compounds below is the major product of the following reaction sequence? NOTE: PCC is pyridinium chlorochromate 1. BH 3 PCC 2. H2O2, NaOH NH HN ΗΝ, A B C CH3NH2, NaBH3CN D E NHarrow_forward
- 10. Which of the compounds below is the major organic product obtained from the following reaction sequence? Ph Ph Ph A B OH 1. EtMgBr H2CrO4 Zn(Hg), aq. HCI PhCHO ? 2. H₂O, H+ Ph. C D Ph "ར HO OH Earrow_forward7. What is the major organic product obtained from the following reaction sequence? Ph A OH 99 Ph OH D Br HOCH2CH2OH H2SO4 1. Mg, Et₂O 2. PhCH2CHO HCI, H₂O Br OH Ph Ph OH B C Br OH Ph Earrow_forwardPls helparrow_forward
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