Using benzene and any other necessary amines how to synthesize sulfathiazole is to be shown. Concept introduction: The steps involved in the synthesis of sulfathiazole from benzene are i) Nitration of benzene ii) Reduction of nitrobenzene iii) Acetylation of the amino group iv) Chlorosulfonation of the anilide v) Treatment with 2-aminothiazole vi) Hydrolysis of the anilide to an amine. To Show: How to synthesize sulfathiazole starting from benzene and using any other necessary amines. Answer: The synthesis of sulfathiazole starting from benzene and using any other necessary amines is given below. Explanation: Nitration of benzene with Conc. HNO 3 and Conc. H 2 SO 4 yields nitrobenzene which on reduction with H 2 /Pt in ethanol gives aniline. Acetylation of aniline with acetic anhydride produces acetanilide. Chlorosulfonation of acetanilide leads to the formation of a p-chlorosulfonate as anilide group is orthp and para directing. Treatment of chlorosulfonate with 2-aminothiazole yields N-acetylsulfothiazole. Hydrolysis of N-acetylsulfothiazole yields sulfathiazole. Conclusion: The synthesis of sulfathiazole starting from benzene and using 2-aminothiazole is given below.

Question

need help please and thanks dont understand only need help with C-F Learning Goal: As discussed during the lecture, the enzyme HIV-1 reverse transcriptae (HIV-RT) plays a significant role for the HIV virus and is an important drug target. Assume a concentration [E] of 2.00 µM (i.e. 2.00 x 10-6 mol/l) for HIV-RT. Two potential drug molecules, D1 and D2, were identified, which form stable complexes with the HIV-RT. The dissociation constant of the complex ED1 formed by HIV-RT and the drug D1 is 1.00 nM (i.e. 1.00 x 10-9). The dissociation constant of the complex ED2 formed by HIV-RT and the drug D2 is 100 nM (i.e. 1.00 x 10-7). Part A - Difference in binding free eenergies Compute the difference in binding free energy (at a physiological temperature T=310 K) for the complexes. Provide the difference as a positive numerical expression with three significant figures in kJ/mol. The margin of error is 2%. Part B - Compare difference in free energy to the thermal…

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Question

Chapter 24.8, Problem 16P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Using benzene and any other necessary amines how to synthesize sulfathiazole is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

The steps involved in the synthesis of sulfathiazole from benzene are i) Nitration of benzene ii) Reduction of nitrobenzene iii) Acetylation of the amino group iv) Chlorosulfonation of the anilide v) Treatment with 2-aminothiazole vi) Hydrolysis of the anilide to an amine.

To Show:

How to synthesize sulfathiazole starting from benzene and using any other necessary amines.

Answer:

The synthesis of sulfathiazole starting from benzene and using any other necessary amines is given below.

Explanation:

Nitration of benzene with Conc. HNO₃ and Conc. H₂SO₄ yields nitrobenzene which on reduction with H₂/Pt in ethanol gives aniline. Acetylation of aniline with acetic anhydride produces acetanilide. Chlorosulfonation of acetanilide leads to the formation of a p-chlorosulfonate as anilide group is orthp and para directing. Treatment of chlorosulfonate with 2-aminothiazole yields N-acetylsulfothiazole. Hydrolysis of N-acetylsulfothiazole yields sulfathiazole.

Conclusion:

The synthesis of sulfathiazole starting from benzene and using 2-aminothiazole is given below.

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need help please and thanks dont understand only need help with C-F Learning Goal: As discussed during the lecture, the enzyme HIV-1 reverse transcriptae (HIV-RT) plays a significant role for the HIV virus and is an important drug target. Assume a concentration [E] of 2.00 µM (i.e. 2.00 x 10-6 mol/l) for HIV-RT. Two potential drug molecules, D1 and D2, were identified, which form stable complexes with the HIV-RT. The dissociation constant of the complex ED1 formed by HIV-RT and the drug D1 is 1.00 nM (i.e. 1.00 x 10-9). The dissociation constant of the complex ED2 formed by HIV-RT and the drug D2 is 100 nM (i.e. 1.00 x 10-7). Part A - Difference in binding free eenergies Compute the difference in binding free energy (at a physiological temperature T=310 K) for the complexes. Provide the difference as a positive numerical expression with three significant figures in kJ/mol. The margin of error is 2%. Part B - Compare difference in free energy to the thermal…

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need help please and thanks dont understand a-b Learning Goal: As discussed during the lecture, the enzyme HIV-1 reverse transcriptae (HIV-RT) plays a significant role for the HIV virus and is an important drug target. Assume a concentration [E] of 2.00 µM (i.e. 2.00 x 10-6 mol/l) for HIV-RT. Two potential drug molecules, D1 and D2, were identified, which form stable complexes with the HIV-RT. The dissociation constant of the complex ED1 formed by HIV-RT and the drug D1 is 1.00 nM (i.e. 1.00 x 10-9). The dissociation constant of the complex ED2 formed by HIV-RT and the drug D2 is 100 nM (i.e. 1.00 x 10-7). Part A - Difference in binding free eenergies Compute the difference in binding free energy (at a physiological temperature T=310 K) for the complexes. Provide the difference as a positive numerical expression with three significant figures in kJ/mol. The margin of error is 2%. Part B - Compare difference in free energy to the thermal energy Divide the…